| 1. |
- Agerström, Jens, 1976-
(författare)
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Why does height matter in hiring?
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics. - : Elsevier BV. - 2214-8043 .- 2214-8051. ; 52, s. 35-38
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous research shows the existence of a height premium in the workplace with tall individuals receiving more benefits across several domains (e.g., earnings) relative to short people. The current study probes deeper into the height premium by focusing on the specific favorable traits, attributes, and abilities tall individuals are presumed to have, ultimately giving these individuals an advantage in hiring. In an experiment, we made a male job applicant taller or shorter by digitally manipulating photographs, and attached these to job applications that were evaluated by professional recruiters. We find that in the context of hiring a project leader, the height premium consists of increased perceptions of the candidate's general competence, specific job competency (including employability), and physical health, whereas warmth and physical attractiveness seem to matter less. Interestingly, physical height predicted recruiters' hiring intentions even when statistically controlling for competence, warmth, health, and attractiveness.
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| 2. |
- Akay, Alpaslan, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Positional concerns through the life-cycle
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics. - : Elsevier BV. - 2214-8043 .- 2214-8051. ; 78, s. 98-103
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2018 We use survey experimental data to analyze how people's positional concerns regarding income, car consumption and working hours vary with age. Our analysis suggests that the degree of positional concerns is not homogenous across the life-cycle. Our experimental approach shows a robust life-cycle pattern of positional concerns: young people experience a low degree of positional concerns, yet the level of concern for income increases gradually with age. The results also differ across goods. While the degree of positional concerns towards the income and car consumption is increasing, it is decreasing for working hours (leisure time) through the life-cycle with a non-monotonic pattern.
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| 3. |
- Akpalu, Wisdom, et al.
(författare)
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Context, welfare sensitivity, and positional preferences among fisherfolks in a developing country
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics. - 2214-8043 .- 2214-8051. ; 108
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is well established in the empirical literature that people care about relative status or positionality. Hence, any policy that makes someone better off imposes a negative externality on their peers. However, the effectiveness of public policy aimed at mitigating positional externality hinges on the drivers of relative concerns, which are individual and context-specific, requiring empirical analysis. This study investigates positional concerns of individuals in artisanal fishing communities in a developing country where the men go on fishing expeditions and the women process and sell the catch, and the specific role of welfare sensitivity in moderating relative concerns. The contexts are formulated as management policies relating to the specific gender roles in fishing. We found that compared to the women, the men were more positional, on average, and relative concerns are context-dependent for both genders. Next, the men had lower welfare sensitivity than the women. For both groups and in a specific context, being welfare-sensitive over a narrow (broader) income range correlates with a relatively higher (lower) degree of positionality.
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| 4. |
- Andersson, Per A, 1986-, et al.
(författare)
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Prosocial and moral behavior under decision reveal in a public environment
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics. - : Elsevier. - 2214-8043 .- 2214-8051. ; 87
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- People may act differently in public environments due to actual reputation concerns, or due to the mere presence of others. Unlike previous studies on the influence of observability on prosocial behavior we control for the latter while manipulating the former, i.e. we control for implicit reputation concerns while manipulating explicit. We show that revealing decisions in public did not affect altruistic behavior, while it increased cooperation and made subjects less likely to make utilitarian judgments in sacrificial dilemmas (i.e., harming one to save many). Our findings are in line with theoretical models suggesting that people, at large, are averse to standing out in both positive and negative ways when it comes to altruistic giving. This "wallflower effect" does however not seem to extend to decisions on cooperation and moral judgments made in public.
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| 5. |
- Aronsson, Thomas, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Climate change and psychological adaptation : A behavioral environmental economics approach
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics. - : Elsevier. - 2214-8043 .- 2214-8051. ; 74, s. 79-84
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Economic models of climate policy (or policies to combat other environmental problems) typically neglect psychological adaptation to changing life circumstances. People may adapt, to different degrees, to a deteriorated environment. The present paper addresses these issues in a model of optimal tax policy to combat climate change and discusses the consequences for optimal climate policies. Furthermore, from a normative-methodological point of view, we argue that psychological adaptation needs to be taken into account even by a pure welfarist policy maker, who aims at internalizing an intertemporal externality.
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| 6. |
- Aronsson, Thomas, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Gender Norms, Work Hours, and Corrective Taxation
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics. - : Elsevier. - 2214-8043 .- 2214-8051. ; 56, s. 33-39
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper deals with optimal income taxation based on a household model, where men and women allocate their time between market work and household production, and where households differ depending on which spouse has the comparative advantage in market work. The purpose is to analyze the tax policy implications of gender norms represented by a market work norm for men and household work norm for women. We show how the optimal (corrective) tax policy depends on the definition of social norms, the preferences for obeying these norms, and whether men or women have the comparative advantage in market work. Two extreme results are that (i) corrective taxation should not be used at all if the norms are based on the mean value of market work and household work, respectively, given that all households have the same preferences, and (ii) only the majority household type should be taxed at the margin if the norms are instead based on the modal value.
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| 7. |
- Boschini, Anne, et al.
(författare)
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Gender and altruism in a random sample
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics. - : Elsevier BV. - 2214-8043 .- 2214-8051. ; 77, s. 72-77
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We study gender differences in altruism in a large random sample of the Swedish population using a standard dictator game. Beside a baseline treatment we implement a priming treatment where participants are reminded of their gender, and two treatments with known male and female counterpart respectively. We find suggestive evidence that women are more altruistic than men only in the priming treatment. A post-hoc analysis using data on interviewer gender to explore gender context effects indicates that priming affects behavior only in mixedgender contexts.
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| 8. |
- Boschini, Anne, et al.
(författare)
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Gender, risk preferences and willingness to compete in a random sample of the Swedish population
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics. - : Elsevier BV. - 2214-8043 .- 2214-8051. ; 83
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Experimental results from student and other non-representative convenience samples often suggest that men, on average, are more risk taking and competitive than women. We explore whether these gender preference gaps also exist in incentivized tasks in a simple random sample of the Swedish adult population. Our design comprises four different conditions to systematically explore how the experimental context may impact gender gaps; a baseline condition, a condition where participants are primed with their own gender, and two conditions where the participants know the gender of their counterpart (man or woman). We further look at competitiveness in two domains: a math task and a verbal task. We find no gender gap in risk taking or competitiveness in the verbal task in this random sample. There is some support for men being more competitive than women in the math task in the pooled sample, but the effect size is small. We further find no consistent impact of the respective conditions on (the absence of) the gender gap in preferences.
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| 9. |
- Carlsson, Fredrik, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Sexual objectification of women in media and the gender wage gap: Does exposure to objectifying pictures lower the reservation wage?
- 2024
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL AND EXPERIMENTAL ECONOMICS. - 2214-8043 .- 2214-8051. ; 108
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using an online experiment, we investigate the influence of sexual objectification in media on reservation wages. In the experiment, subjects (843 women and 307 men in the main analysis) are asked to evaluate advertisements in women's magazines. In the treatment groups, the ads portray women in sexually objectifying poses, while the poses are neutral in the control group. The main research hypothesis is that sexual objectification tends to make women self-objectify, i.e., they internalize the view of the objectifying images, and as a result, they lower their reservation wage. We find that women in the treatment groups do self-objectify: Women who were exposed to the objectifying images described themselves with words related to body shape or size significantly more often than women in the control group. Adding a warning text about the fact that photoshopped images can create unrealistic body ideals did not mitigate the self-objectification. However, we do not find any effect of sexual objectification on women's reservation wages. If we take the results at face value, they do suggest that the objectification of women in media, while having important psychological and emotional effects, does not seem to affect women's reservation wages, at least not directly.
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| 10. |
- Dannenberg, Astrid, et al.
(författare)
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Responsibility and prosocial behavior - Experimental evidence on charitable donations by individuals and group representatives
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics. - : Elsevier BV. - 2214-8043 .- 2214-8051. ; 90
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2020 The Authors In this paper we present a lab-in-the-field experiment with a large and diverse sample to compare charitable donations when individuals decide for themselves only and when they decide as a group representative. In contrast to the previous literature, we find that individuals make greater charitable contributions when they decide as a group representative than when they decide alone. This result demonstrates that being responsible for a group does not always lead to more selfish behavior.
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