| 1. |
- Alobo Loison, Sarah Harriet, et al.
(författare)
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Patterns and Determinants of Household Income Diversification in Rural Senegal and Kenya
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Poverty Alleviation and International Development. - 2233-6192. ; 8:1, s. 93-126
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Income diversification is considered one of the important household strategies for securing rural livelihoods. We investigate its patterns and determinants using data on 1,747 farm households collected in 2007-2008 from six regions in rural Senegal and Kenya. The empirical investigation shows that the regional variation in income diversification does not follow any clear patterns, with push and pull determinants acting concurrently within and between regions. Therefore, policies on income diversification need to be tailored to meet the development needs of specific regions. Generally, income diversification is significantly associated with household asset endowments, demographic factors, accessibility to rural towns, migration opportunities, and perceptions on food security.
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| 2. |
- Andersson Djurfeldt, Agnes, et al.
(författare)
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Drills and Diets, Consumption and Conservation– the Role of Primate Meat in Local Diets in and Around Cross River National Park, Nigeria
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Poverty Alleviation and International Development. - 2233-6192. ; 8:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study uses household level data from four villages inand around Cross River National Park (CRNP), Nigeria to assess therole of primate meat in local livelihoods and diets. Okwangwo is anenclave community within the national park, Butatong houses theCRNP headquarters. Kanyang1 and Abo Ebam are located fartheraway from the park. 149 respondents were surveyed. Sale ofbushmeat contributed 4 percent of total cash income on average, butis important as a source of protein in the context of poorly developedlivestock systems. 98 percent of the households ate bushmeat duringthe past year and 74 percent hunted for consumption. 77 percent atemeat from primates, although this varied from 53 percent in Butatongto 97 percent in Okwangwo. Differences emerge among the villageswith less reliance on bushmeat, less hunting and a dietary shifttowards poultry in Butatong. There is no correlation between incomelevels and consumption of primate meat. The overwhelming motivefor eating primate meat was taste preferences. Solutions tounsustainable extraction of primate meat must be sourced in relationto local consumption. Improving access to animal source foods,through widening the livestock basis of local agrarian
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Prowse, Martin
(författare)
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The Determinants of Non-Farm Income Diversification in Rural Ethiopia
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Poverty Alleviation and International Development. - 2233-6192. ; 6:1, s. 109-130
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Diversification has long been viewed as a risk minimization strategy in the face of increasing climatic and economic risks in developing countries. This paper examines the determinants of non-farm income diversification in rural Ethiopia for a four-wave panel of 1240 households from the Ethiopian Rural Household Survey over the period 1994–2009. The paper makes a conceptual distinction between non-farm and off-farm income and uses fixed and random-effects models to control for unobserved characteristics. The results suggest that the variables that determine non-farm diversification consumption per capita and livestock holdings—belong to pull factors and reflect a strategy by wealthier households. Coupled with instrumental variable estimations to ascertain the direction of causality, these findings lend support to the argument that the main motivation for increasing non-farm diversification is likely to be accumulation.
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| 5. |
- Sandberg, Johan
(författare)
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Evidence-based Policymaking? Revisiting the "Known," the Assumed and the Promoted in New Social Policy Development Policy
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Poverty Alleviation and International Development. - 2233-6192. ; 6:2, s. 47-80
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Supported by a virtual plethora of impact evaluations, conditional cash transfers (CCTs) have been widely promoted for their ability to simultaneously pursue short-term poverty alleviation through income support and long-term poverty reduction through human capital investments. In particular, their claim to fame lies in their perceived capacity to enable a break in intergenerational transmission of poverty. This study presents an inquiry into such capacities. First, it filters that which is ‘known’ from that which remains assumed through a synthesis of systematic reviews. The inquiry corroborates existing research and finds that evidence concerning CCTs’ impact pertains almost exclusively to short-term effects from a handful of localized cases, providing scarce information on the programs’ alleged long-term capabilities. That is, existing evidence lacks any demonstrated effects on long-term poverty reduction and human capital enhancement – the two overriding goals of the programs. More importantly, it contributes to existing research and problematizes CCTs’ promoted long-term impact by further qualifying the ‘known’ and by analyzing the empirical foundations of the programs’ implicit assumptions. Findings of largely untested theoretical assumptions pertaining to the human capital – social mobility nexus further challenge the basis for CCTs’ promoted capacity to enable a break in intergenerational transmission of poverty. These findings are deemed particularly relevant to developing countries in Africa and Asia and their efforts to adequately incorporate CCTs into poverty reduction strategies and policies.
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