| 1. |
- Busch, Michael, 1983
(författare)
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Water oxidation: From mechanisms to limitations
- 2018
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Ingår i: Current Opinion in Electrochemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 2451-9111 .- 2451-9103. ; 9, s. 278-284
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Water oxidation is a central reaction for energy conversion and storage. On the basis of the detailed analysis of different reaction mechanisms the limitations associated with the O2evolution reaction is analysed. We find that overpotentials lower than the 0.4 eV, which have been observed for a mono-nuclear mechanism, are possible if the problematic *-OOH intermediate is avoided. This is the case for the bi-nuclear and bi-functional reaction paths. 3-dimensional volcano plots are constructed and used to explore the performance of these reaction mechanisms. Our results suggest, that in contrast to previous analysis of the mono-nuclear mechanism, the true top of the water oxidation volcano is placed at slightly lower *=O binding energies of only 2.46 eV if combined with a suitable co-catalyst. On the basis of this new analysis, design criteria for improved catalysts are developed.
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| 2. |
- Dunevall, Johan, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Vesicle impact electrochemical cytometry compared to amperometric exocytosis measurements
- 2017
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Ingår i: Current Opinion in Electrochemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 2451-9103 .- 2451-9111. ; 5:1, s. 85-91
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Three new tools are discussed for understanding chemical communication between cells and primarily to delve into the content and structure of nanometer transmitter vesicles. These are amperometric measurements of exocytosis, vesicle impact electrochemical cytometry, and intracellular vesicle impact electrochemical cytometry. These are combining in the end nanoscale mass spectrometry imaging to begin determination of vesicle structure. These methods have provided solid evidence for the concept of open and closed exocytosis leading to partial release of the vesicle content during normal exocytosis. They have also been used to discover cases where the fraction of transmitter released is not changed, and other cases where the vesicle transmitter fraction released is altered, as with zinc, thought to alter cognition. Overall, the combination of these methods is showing us details of vesicular processes that would not be measureable without these micro and nano electrochemical methods.
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| 3. |
- Andersson, Linnéa, et al.
(författare)
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Molecular dynamics simulations of metal-electrolyte interfaces under potential control
- 2023
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Ingår i: Current Opinion in Electrochemistry. - : Elsevier. - 2451-9103. ; 42
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The interfaces between metal electrodes and liquid electro-lytes are prototypical in electrochemistry. That is why it is crucial to have a molecular and dynamical understating of such interfaces for both electrical properties and chemical re-activities under potential control. In this short review, we will categorize different schemes for modeling electrified metal-electrolyte interfaces used in molecular dynamics simulations. Our focus is on the similarities between seemingly different methods and their conceptual connections in terms of relevant electrochemical quantities. Therefore, it can be used as a guideline for developing new methods and building modular-ized computational protocols for simulating electrified interfaces.
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| 4. |
- Bin Mohamad Sultan, Borhan, et al.
(författare)
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On-line inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroelectrochemistry : Real-time element-resolved electrochemistry
- 2023
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Ingår i: Current Opinion in Electrochemistry. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 2451-9103. ; 41
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Electrochemical techniques are coupled with inductively coupled plasma (ICP) atomic emission spectrometry for in-line electrolyte analyses. In this way, direct measurement of the elemental dissolution rates in real-time or element-resolved electrochemistry can be carried out, complementary to conventional electrochemical measurements. This methodology can be used to obtain the element-specific reaction mechanisms under either spontaneous or polarized conditions up to part-per-billion level resolution with applications in diverse domains of corrosion science and interfacial reactivity. This review aims to summarize recent research activities using ICP coupled with other analytical techniques to answer specific questions on the mechanism of degradation of materials in aqueous or organic environments including the dissolution of metal oxides, catalysis, reaction stoichiometry, electrochemical kinetics, and photoelectrochemical reactivity.
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| 5. |
- Bollella, Paolo, et al.
(författare)
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Enzyme based amperometric biosensors
- 2018
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Ingår i: Current Opinion in Electrochemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 2451-9103. ; 10, s. 157-173
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Current research on enzyme based electrochemical biosensors deals essentially with the same target analytes as was at focus in the early days of biosensor research, that is those within the clinical/medical, food/agriculture, and environmental fields [1•–13]. However, there has been substantial progress through the years and progress continues, as resumed in Figure 1A. One of the major differences is that (bio)electrochemists finally seem to start to understand what kind of molecules they deal with, that is with biological molecules and vice versa, biochemists, (micro)biologists start to become interested in (bio)electrochemistry. This is clearly shown for example in the recent very intense research on biofuel cells [14–26] and lately also on biosupercapacitors [27] that has absolutely had a great influence on current research on enzyme based biosensors and bioelectrochemistry as a whole.
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| 6. |
- Cuartero, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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All-solid-state potentiometric sensors : A new wave for in situ aquatic research
- 2018
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Ingår i: Current Opinion in Electrochemistry. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 2451-9103. ; 10, s. 98-106
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Over the last few years, all-solid-state potentiometric ion-selective sensors have demonstrated a huge potential for environmental water analysis. Beyond the excellent analytical performances exhibited in benchtop conditions for the detection of important targets (e.g. pH, species relevant to the carbon and nitrogen cycles, trace metals), the challenge now lies in bringing those sensors to in situ format and obtaining valuable chemical information directly in the field while minimizing or avoiding the need for sampling. Technically speaking, the instrumentation for potentiometric assessment is extremely simple, low cost and requires minimal space. In addition, the all-solid-state configuration seems ideal to fabricate miniaturized sensors with sufficient analytical performance to detect certain ions in water resources. Herein, we highlight the power of all-solid-state potentiometric sensors applied to environmental water analysis providing a threefold overview: (i) the recent materials used in the fabrication of all-solid-state polymeric membrane electrodes, both the solid contact and ion-selective membrane; (ii) a collection of the main targets explored during the last 5 years; and (iii) examples of the most recent and relevant in situ applications employing submersible equipment. Throughout the review, issues such as ‘What are the real implications of all-solid-state membrane electrodes in the environmental field?’ and ‘To what extent has the effort in developing new sensors over time been well-exploited?’ are addressed. Convincingly, all-solid-state potentiometric sensors are positioning as a unique in situ interface providing real-time data that allow for an understanding of ongoing biogeochemical processes and possible anthropogenic activities implications.
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| 7. |
- Freitag, Marina, et al.
(författare)
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The revival of dye-sensitized solar cells
- 2017
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Ingår i: Current Opinion in Electrochemistry. - : Elsevier. - 2451-9103. ; 2:1, s. 111-119
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The scientific progress in the field of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) is marked by a recent number of important breakthroughs. DSCs provide a technically and economically credible alternative concept to present-day p-n junction photovoltaic devices. Relentless efforts helped to achieve high efficiencies with DSCs. Some of the major progress was made by developing new panchromatic rigid structure dye systems, new redox shuttles and hole transport materials. Under full sun illumination (standard AM 1.5 G), conversion efficiencies have reached over 13% with Zn porphyrins and 14% with co-sensitized organic dyes. The new redox couples and electrolytes are able to regenerate the dye at less than 0.2 V. Current research and development is the perquisite to improve efficiencies beyond 20% for future applications with improved stability and sustainability.
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| 8. |
- Harlow, Gary S., et al.
(författare)
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Recent advances in surface x-ray diffraction and the potential for determining structure-sensitivity relations in single-crystal electrocatalysis
- 2020
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Ingår i: Current Opinion in Electrochemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 2451-9103. ; 23, s. 162-173
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Determining how electrode structure governs the performance of an electrocatalyst requires techniques capable of probing structure at the atomic scale, often in situ and operando. In recent years, there have been numerous advances in the main experimental techniques for determining the structure of the electrochemical interface. In situ/operando synchrotron surface x-ray diffraction measurements are key to investigate the atomic structure of the electrode surfaces as well as understand the structure-reactivity relations in electrocatalysis. Here we discuss some recent improvements that have taken place in surface x-ray diffraction and how we expect them to lead to an enhanced understanding of electrocatalysis.
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| 9. |
- Liu, Si, et al.
(författare)
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Selected applications of operando Raman spectroscopy in electrocatalysis research
- 2022
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Ingår i: Current Opinion in Electrochemistry. - : Elsevier. - 2451-9103. ; 35
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Knowledge-guided improvement of electrocatalytic materials is facilitated by insight in determinants of activity, selectivity, and stability. Catalyst re-construction, surface adsorbates and reaction intermediates, and the mechanistic role of the electrolyte can be addressed by operando (= in situ) Raman spectroscopy, where Raman scattering is detected during electrochemical operation. After outlining the basic experimental technology and addressing the light-damage problem, selected applications in electrocatalysis research are reviewed: (1) Redox-state changes of the catalyst material induced by electrode potentials are traced by operando Raman spectroscopy. (2) Surface-bound (adsorbed) educt, products and reaction intermediates are detected using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). (3) Local-pH values are determined at the catalyst-electrolyte interface, with spatial resolution at the visible-light diffraction limit.
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| 10. |
- Pankratov, Dmitry, et al.
(författare)
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Thylakoid membrane–based photobioelectrochemical systems : Achievements, limitations, and perspectives
- 2020
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Ingår i: Current Opinion in Electrochemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 2451-9103. ; 19, s. 49-54
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- During the few past decades, intensive efforts have been focused toward optimizing ‘wiring’ of thylakoid membranes (TMs) to conductive surfaces for their further application for light-energy conversion and production of an electron flow. This review summarizes recent progress and current state of photobioelectrodes and systems based on TMs. We consider various electrode materials and surface modifications, mediators and setup designs reported until now and compare achieved current and power outputs. Finally, we discuss further potentially valuable applications and perspectives of TM-based bioelectrochemical systems.
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