| 1. |
- Bag, G., et al.
(författare)
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Engineering friendly tool to estimate battery life of a wireless sensor node
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Industrial Information Integration. - : Elsevier BV. - 2467-964X .- 2452-414X. ; 4, s. 8-14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Battery life of low power devices is a major concern for the users of such devices. Existing research focuses on using different power management techniques and power consumption models to predict the battery life. However most of the exiting power consumption models and simulators assume a high degree of technical expertise of the users such as user of a home automation system. This paper proposes a power consumption model that can be used as an easy to use engineering tool by the end user or system integrators to estimate the battery life of the device by just estimating the levels related to expected traffic that network will support and the possible interference level depending on the number of interference sources. The tool can also be used by the device manufacturer to compare/select chipsets, batteries or alternatively optimize the some parameters of the communication protocols for a selected hardware to get the desired battery life. The model also provides insights to the major components that contributes to the power consumption under different number of operations and different traffic conditions. Finally the paper provides strategies to mitigate the effect of the different components contributing to the power consumption.
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| 2. |
- Berezovskyi, Andrii, 1991-, et al.
(författare)
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Integrating systems of systems with a federation of rule engines
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Industrial Information Integration. - : Elsevier BV. - 2467-964X .- 2452-414X. ; 38
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Systems of Systems (SoSs) integrate many critical systems our society relies on. In designing individual systems, stakeholders use bespoke protocols, custom information models, and proprietary components with limited computational resources from various vendors. We present a reference architecture that allows multiple stakeholders to carry out a flexible integration without giving up control to a single entity in the presence of the aforementioned limitations. Our architecture relies on rule engines and graph data model to integrated systems flexibly even when black-box components are used. At the same time, a federation of the rule engines allows each stakeholder to retain control over the rules that reflect their policies. We also rely on a common information model based on ontologies to account for the information model mismatch and reduce the duplication of integration efforts. Moving rule execution to the standalone rule engines allows deployment in resource-constrained and proprietary environments. A uniform application programming interface (API) is used to integrate rule engines across systems as well as components within each system with a respective rule engine. We also present a novel algorithm to determine dependencies across rules deployed in different rule engines within the federation. This allows domain experts to develop rules as usual without having to deal with the distributed aspect of the system. We also present a proof of the sufficient condition to ensure all necessary notifications will be sent to ensure correct rule activation across different rule engines. Compared to other systems involving distributed rules, the proposed architecture is well-suited for the integration of transactional workloads commonly found in enterprises. The qualitative evaluation based on the Architecture Tradeoff Analysis Method (ATAM), applied to a telecommunications use case, shows that the architecture possesses the “interoperability”, “modifiability”, and the “functional completeness” quality attributes with a trade-off around rule expressiveness. The quantitative evaluation demonstrates speedup over the single-node setup in most scenarios except in case of highly optimized rules and a poor network performance simultaneously (tr<10ms, tn=100ms).
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| 3. |
- Danielsson, Oscar, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Augmented reality smart glasses in industrial assembly : Current status and future challenges
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Industrial Information Integration. - : Elsevier. - 2467-964X .- 2452-414X. ; 20
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article aims to provide a better understanding of Augmented Reality Smart Glasses (ARSG) for assembly operators from two perspectives, namely, manufacturing engineering and technological maturity. A literature survey considers both these perspectives of ARSG. The article's contribution is an investigation of the current status as well as challenges for future development of ARSG regarding usage in the manufacturing industry in relation to the two perspectives. This survey thereby facilitate a better future integration of ARSG in manufacturing. Findings include that commercially available ARSG differ considerably in their hardware specifications. The Technological Readiness Level (TRL) of some of the components of ARSG is still low, with displays having a TRL of 7 and tracking a TRL of 5. A mapping of tracking technologies and their suitability for industrial ARSG was done and identified Bluetooth, micro-electro mechanical sensors (MEMS) and infrared sensors as potentially suitable technologies to improve tracking. Future work identified is to also explore the operator perspective of ARSG in manufacturing. © 2020
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| 4. |
- El-khoury, Jad, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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An industrial evaluation of data access techniques for the interoperability of engineering software tools
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Industrial Information Integration. - : ELSEVIER. - 2467-964X .- 2452-414X. ; 15, s. 58-68
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- New industrial initiatives such as Industrie 4.0 rely on digital end-to-end engineering across the entire product lifecycle, which in turn depends on the ability of the supporting software tools to interoperate. A tool interoperability approach based on Linked Data, and the OASIS OSLC standard, has the potential to provide such integration, where each software tool can expose its information and services to other tools using the web as a common technology base. In this paper, we report on our negative findings when attempting to use existing ontology-based Linked Data access techniques to expose and manipulate the structured content managed in engineering tools. Such techniques typically target the Data Access Layer (DAL) of a tool to access and manipulate its content, with the assumption that sufficient information and control is available within this layer to automate the process. Based on a case study with the truck manufacturer Scania CV AB, our study finds that an engineering tool controls its artefacts using business logic that is not necessarily reflected at the data layer. This renders such ontology-based access techniques inadequate. Instead we propose an alternative Linked Data extraction architecture that can mitigate the identified shortcomings. While less automated compared to the existing solutions, the proposed architecture is realised as a standalone library that can still facilitate the extraction process.
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| 5. |
- Gürdür Broo, D., et al.
(författare)
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Cyber-physical systems research and education in 2030 : Scenarios and strategies
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Industrial Information Integration. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 2467-964X .- 2452-414X. ; 21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Future cyber-physical systems (CPS), such as smart cities, collaborative robots, autonomous vehicles or intelligent transport systems, are expected to be highly intelligent, electrified, and connected. This study explores a focal question about how these new characteristics may affect the education and research related to CPS in 2030, the date identified by the United Nations to achieve the Agenda for Sustainable Development. To this end, first, we have conducted a trend spotting activity, seeking to identify possible influencing factors that may have a great impact on the future of CPS education and research. These factors were clustered in a total of 12 trends – four certainties; namely connectivity, electrification, data and automation – and eight uncertainties; namely intelligence, data ethics, labour market, lifelong learning, higher education, trust in technology, technological development speed, and sustainable development goals. After that, two of the eight uncertainties are identified and used to construct a scenario matrix, which includes four scenarios. These two uncertainties – the so-called strategic uncertainties – are: fulfilment of sustainable development goals and the nature of the technological development, respectively. These two important uncertainties are considered to build the scenarios due to their potential impact on the research and education of CPS. For instance, sustainable development goals are significant targets for many initiatives, organisations and countries. While 2030 is the deadline to achieve these goals, the relationship between the sustainable development goals related to CPS research and education is not studied well. Similarly, the speed of technological development is seen as a driving force behind future CPS. However, the effect of this speed to CPS research and education environment is not known. Different outcomes of the chosen two uncertainties are, then, combined with the remaining trends and uncertainties. Consequently, four scenarios are derived. The Terminator scenario illustrates a dystopian future where profit is the driving force behind technological progress and sustainable development goals are not accomplished. In contrast, The Iron Giant scenario represents the successful implementation of the sustainable development goals where technological development is the force behind the accomplishment of these goals. The scenario called Slow Progress represents a future where gradual technological improvements are present, but sustainability is still not seen as concerning the issue. The Humanist scenario illustrates a future where slow technological development is happening yet sustainable development goals are successfully implemented. Finally, the scenarios are used to initiate discussions by illustrating what the future of research and education could look like and a list of strategies for future CPS research and education environments is proposed. To this end, we invite educators, researchers, institutions and governments to develop the necessary strategies to enable data-orientated, continuous, interdisciplinary, collaborative, ethical, and sustainable research and education by improving digital fluency, advancing digital equality, contributing to new ways of teaching complex thinking, expanding access to learning platforms and preparing next generations to adapt for a rapidly changing future of work conditions.
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| 6. |
- Gürdür Broo, Didem, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Re-imagining intelligent machines in an anthropocentric-ecocentric continuum : The case for ecocentric intelligent machines
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Industrial Information Integration. - : Elsevier. - 2467-964X .- 2452-414X. ; 41
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The history of machines traces back to the dawn of human civilization, reflecting the intertwined journey of exploration, invention, and discoveries. From ancient simple machines to remarkable innovations like the Antikythera mechanism and automatons, the evolution of machines has been a testament to human ingenuity. In the 21st century, a new era of machines emerges, characterized by intelligence, connectivity, and autonomy. The purpose of the article is two -fold. Firstly, it provides a historical view of the evolution of machines and aims to characterize their future functional attributes in a rapidly changing, technology -driven 21st -century society. Secondly, it discusses the need to prioritize the eco-centered and sustainable design of these systems as opposed to traditional performance -centered practices. To this end, the article starts by presenting a literature review on the evolution and the characteristics of future intelligent machines. We argue that there is a need to reconsider the purpose of the future intelligent machines in the anthropocentrism -ecocentrism continuum. To support this argument, the current approaches to designing these systems and the sustainability concerns related to future characteristics of them are discussed. The article concludes with remarks on different strategies aiming to provide a roadmap to aid the creators of the future connected, intelligent, and autonomous systems to maximize their positive impact and ensure continuous growth of technological development while protecting the environment and addressing societal needs.
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| 7. |
- Gürdür, Didem, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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A Systematic Review to Merge Discourses : Interoperability, Integration and Cyber-Physical Systems
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Industrial Information Integration. - : Elsevier. - 2467-964X .- 2452-414X.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cyber-physical systems (CPS) are developed through the cooperation of several engineering disciplines. Powerful software tools are utilized by each individual discipline, but it remains challenging to connect these into tool chains for increased efficiency. To support this endeavour, the literature on interoperability assessment was surveyed to identify concepts valuable to transfer from the interoperability to the tool integration research field.Implementation options, types of interoperability and domains described in interoperability assessment models were concepts identified as directly transferable. To avoid the problems with uptake that plague the models identified, visual analytics is suggested as a vehicle for the transfer. Furthermore, based on the use of non-functional properties as an underlying motivation for these models, cost, performance and sustainability are suggested as a common base for future research in both discourses.
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| 8. |
- Gürdür, Didem, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Making Interoperability Visible : Data Visualization of Cyber-Physical Systems Development Tool Chains
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Industrial Information Integration. - : Elsevier. - 2467-964X .- 2452-414X. ; 4, s. 26-34
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cyber-physical system (CPS) development cycles include various engineering disciplines, artefacts, and areas of expertise. There are powerful software tools used in these cycles, which can be put to good use by one individual discipline but are challenging to integrate with other tools. This paper discusses a node-link diagram (NLD) visualization technique that can be used to visualize interoperability in CPS development tool chains. The purpose is to help tool chain developers assess the current interoperability status and make decisions on integration scenarios accordingly. To this end, a case study is introduced and explained as an example. Data about the tool chain, which contains different structures relating to the software tools usage and the interactions between them, are provided by ABB Corporate Research Centre. These structures are used in creation of visualizations for making interoperability visible in CPS development tool chains and applicability of each visualization technique is discussed with the interoperability perspective. In this study, we also exercised a clustering algorithm for an extended case study and discussed the use of visualizations to improve interoperability in CPS development environments.
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| 9. |
- Gürdür, Didem, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Methodology for Linked Enterprise Data Quality Assessment Through Information Visualizations
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Industrial Information Integration. - : Elsevier. - 2467-964X .- 2452-414X. ; 15, s. 191-200
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Today’s development environments in the manufacturing industry require different development tools to work together. These complex environments are highly heterogeneous and constantly changing, and the development tools are producing a huge amount of data. As a result, these development environments must overcome a significant problem related to data integration. In this paper, we examine a case study from the automotive industry using the linked enterprise data approach to integrate data from different development tools. The study explains and applies a data quality assessment methodology as a post-integration phase for linked enterprise data. In this study, important data quality dimensions from the literature are merged with empirical rules that have been defined by Scania CV AB employees. As a result, a comprehensive methodology is developed and introduced to assess these data quality dimensions. This paper presents the methodology, which aims to develop a data quality assessment tool—a dashboard—in addition to policies and protocols to manage data quality. Moreover, the proposed methodology includes systematic guidelines for planning the data quality assessment activity, extracting requirements for the data quality management, setting priorities to expedite the adaptation, identifying dimensions and metrics to ease the understanding, and visualizing these dimensions and metrics to assess the overall data quality.
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| 10. |
- Jiang, J., et al.
(författare)
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The state of the art of search strategies in robotic assembly
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Industrial Information Integration. - : Elsevier BV. - 2467-964X .- 2452-414X. ; 26, s. 100259-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Assembly robots have been widely used in the manufacturing industry. However, performing precise assembly tasks still poses a great challenge for robots due to numerous sources of the uncertainties such as fixtures, end effectors, or actuators, and the most critical technical bottleneck is to find the best search strategy to improve positioning accuracy in assembling. Search strategies are evaluated in terms of executing time, precision, stability, and applicable geometries and features of parts. This review is highly motivated to gain the state of the art of search strategies and identify some technical means which can further improve existing algorithms. Without losing the generality of this review discussion, robotic assemblies for peg-in-hole (PiH) are focused. Search strategies are classified and discussed based on different criteria respectively such as the number and types of sensors, and the dimensions of search spaces. To tackle with the assembly operations in an ill-structured environment, a search strategy has to fuse and utilize the sensing data from multiple sources such as the integration of force sensing and vision, and the search strategies with the sensing cooperation are explored. As the conclusion, the future research directions on search strategies for automated assembling have been discussed.
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