| 1. |
- Asfaw, Habtom D., 1986-, et al.
(författare)
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Charting the course to solid-state dual-ion batteries
- 2023
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Ingår i: Carbon Energy. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2637-9368 .- 2637-9368.
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- An electrolyte destined for use in a dual-ion battery (DIB) must be stable at the inherently high potential required for anion intercalation in the graphite electrode, while also protecting the Al current collector from anodic dissolution. A higher salt concentration is needed in the electrolyte, in comparison to typical battery electrolytes, to maximize energy density, while ensuring acceptable ionic conductivity and operational safety. In recent years, studies have demonstrated that highly concentrated organic electrolytes, ionic liquids, gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs), ionogels, and water-in-salt electrolytes can potentially be used in DIBs. GPEs can help reduce the use of solvents and thus lead to a substantial change in the Coulombic efficiency, energy density, and long-term cycle life of DIBs. Furthermore, GPEs are suited to manufacture compact DIB designs without separators by virtue of their mechanical strength and electrical performance. In this review, we highlight the latest advances in the application of different electrolytes in DIBs, with particular emphasis on GPEs.
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| 2. |
- Lu, Jian, et al.
(författare)
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Surplus energy utilization of spent lithium-ion batteries for high-profit organolithiums
- 2022
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Ingår i: Carbon Energy. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2637-9368. ; 5:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is challenging to efficiently and economically recycle many lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) because of the low valuation of commodity metals and materials, such as LiFePO4. There are millions of tons of spent LIBs where the barrier to recycling is economical, and to make recycling more feasible, it is required that the value of the processed recycled material exceeds the value of raw commodity materials. The presented research illustrates improved profitability and economics for recycling spent LIBs by utilizing the surplus energy in lithiated graphite to drive the preparation of organolithiums to add value to the recycled lithium materials. This study methodology demonstrates that the surplus energy of lithiated graphite obtained from spent LIBs can be utilized to prepare high-value organolithiums, thereby significantly improving the economic profitability of LIB recycling. Organolithiums (R–O–Li and R–Li) were prepared using alkyl alcohol (R–OH) and alkyl bromide (R–Br) as substrates, where R includes varying hindered alkyl hydrocarbons. The organolithiums extracted from per kilogram of recycled LIBs can increase the economic value between $29.5 and $226.5 kg−1 cell. The value of the organolithiums is at least 5.4 times the total theoretical value of spent materials, improving the profitability of recycling LIBs over traditional pyrometallurgical ($0.86 kg−1 cell), hydrometallurgical ($1.00 kg−1 cell), and physical direct recycling methods ($5.40 kg−1 cell).
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| 3. |
- Zhang, Hua, et al.
(författare)
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A high-performance transition-metal phosphide electrocatalyst for converting solar energy into hydrogen at 19.6% STH efficiency
- 2023
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Ingår i: Carbon Energy. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2637-9368. ; 5:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The construction of high-efficiency and low-cost non-noble metal bifunctional electrocatalysts for water electrolysis is crucial for commercial large-scale application of hydrogen energy. Here, we report a novel strategy with erbium-doped NiCoP nanowire arrays in situ grown on conductive nickel foam (Er-NiCoP/NF). Significantly, the developed electrode shows exceptional bifunctional catalytic activity, which only requires overpotentials of 46 and 225 mV to afford a current density of 10 mA cm−2 for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), respectively. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the appropriate Er incorporation into the NiCoP lattice can significantly modulate the electronic structure with the d-band centers of Ni and Co atoms by shifting to lower energies with respect to the Fermi level, and optimize the Gibbs free energies of HER/OER intermediates, thereby accelerating water-splitting kinetics. When assembled as a solar-driven overall water-splitting electrolyzer, the as-prepared electrode shows a high and stable solar-to-hydrogen efficiency of 19.6%, indicating its potential for practical storage of intermittent energy.
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