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- Barker-Ruchti, Natalie, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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The glocalised process of sport development : Diversification of women’s artistic gymnastics
- 2019
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Ingår i: The Diversity of Leisure. - 9780473500429 - 9780473500436
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- From 1952 until the fall of Communism in 1989, the most successful women’s artistic gymnasts emerged from Communist sport regimes. From the 1970s onwards, their model of women’s artistic gymnastics (WAG), ‘pixie-style’ model (Kerr, et al, 2017; Barker-Ruchti, 2009), which prescribes young age, sexually undeveloped bodies, and darling-like and cute performance, became globalised (Cervin, 2017). In this presentation, we aim to explore how WAG in five case countries -Australia, Brazil, Romania, Russia, and The Netherlands –has developed since 1989. We draw on Robertson’s (1994; 1995) glocalisation theory to examine the countries’ WAG efforts to develop WAG. Materials to do this were collected through our expert knowledge, publicly available documents, informal interviews and scientific and media texts.Our results demonstrate three development paths: The decline, roller coaster and innovation path. Each of these paths had at its basis organisational investment to systematise national WAG, albeit to different extents and at different points in time. The decline path depicts the East European systems, who had championed pixie style WAG, but have since 1989 lost dominance because of political, economic and social challenges. The roller coaster path portrays Australia and Brazil. These countries’ path has been characterised by competitive instability because of organisational inconsistencies, inter-organisational conflict, accusations of abuse, and instable coach/athlete populations. The innovation path describes The Netherlands. Their key development strategy has been the initiation and branding of a novel performance style, which has generated international medals and popularity.In sum, the three paths offer a longitudinal perspective of the multidimensional and glocalisedprocess of national sport development (Giulianotti & Robertson, 2004). They highlight the influence of historical, structural, and (inter-)organisational factors, and the glocalised reactions and innovation activities, and how these shape the development of sport.
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| 3. |
- Wallstam, Martin, 1986-, et al.
(författare)
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Sports events and regional development : Lessons from a “World Championships Region”
- 2019
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Ingår i: The Diversity of Leisure. - Dunedin : University of Otago. - 9780473500436
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mega events are often associated with neoliberal lines of reasoning about short-term job creation and place branding. Their proponents often suggest that events taking place in one locality provide benefits to their surrounding regions and, perhaps, to entire nations. Such arguments often stem from organizing committees and event advocates who defend bidding endeavors. Whereas this has been the dominant narrative for decades (especially concerning mega sporting events), increased attention is starting to be directed towards the potential of events as catalysts for development. In the Swedish region of Jämtland, a research project has been commissioned in connection with the Alpineand Biathlon World Championships, planned to take place during the spring of 2019. Uniquely, both of these events are being hosted in the exact same region only weeks apart. The study aims to examine the aggregated economic and social impacts that these two major events will have on the region as a whole. The economic impact study will apply direct and indirect economic impact modelling whereas the social impacts will be gauged from the perspective of the local community and mapped municipality-by-municipality to understand the spatial distribution of regional social impacts. By taking a holistic approach to event evaluation, we hope to shed light on how communities not immediately adjacent to major sporting events are impacted. Moreover, we will gain a better understanding of how the perceived level of empowerment and ownership of a sporting event, impacts its social legacy. Through an evaluation of direct and indirect impacts on a regional level, this study should shed more light on the true long-term sustainability of major- and mega- sporting events and their ability to act as levers in community development. Findings from the study will be presented at the conference.
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