| 1. |
- Gunnarsson, Åsa, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
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Sweden : from proactive policies to anti-discrimination law
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nordic equality and anti-discrimination laws in the throes of change. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 9781003172840 - 9781032001258 ; , s. 19-69
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The high scoring of the Nordic countries indicates that the Nordic way of striving for gender equality has been successful in a global perspective. Gender equality is an essential element of the Nordic welfare state model, interwoven with and dependent on general welfare measures that shape everyday life for individuals and the organization of society. Anti-discrimination legislation, primarily directed towards the protection of individuals, forms just part of the comprehensive and progressive measures that have been adopted in Sweden in order to achieve gender equality. Despite the high ratings given to gender equality in Sweden in international comparisons and its ambitious gender equality policy and extensive legislation aimed at promoting gender equality and eliminating discrimination, many challenges remain. Together with the other Nordic countries, Sweden is internationally considered a role model and a forerunner for gender equality.
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| 2. |
- Gunnarsson, Åsa, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
-
Sweden: From proactive policies to anti-discrimination law
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nordic Equality and Anti-Discrimination Laws in the Throes of Change Legal developments in Sweden, Finland, Norway, and Iceland. - London : Routledge. - 9781032001258 - 9781003172840
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A shift from politics to law, inefficient enforcement tools, and dislodgment from action to information as well as criticism of gender equality from various angles have all had an impact on the law’s ability to contribute to the achievement of gender equality in Sweden. It is not primarily through anti-discrimination legislation and litigation that gender equality has been achieved in Sweden, and such an approach will probably not be the main strategy in the future. Still, we have to continue to improve the protection provided to victims of individual discrimination and harassment. The Swedish case shows how the individual’s right to access to justice can be undermined in a context where state bodies – such as the Ombudsman – are given wide discretionary powers to promote equality as a collective public interest.
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| 3. |
- Hellum, Anne, et al.
(författare)
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Introduction : nordic gender equality and anti-discrimination laws in the throes of change
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nordic equality and anti-discrimination laws in the throes of change. - : Routledge. - 9781003172840 - 9781032001258 ; , s. 1-18
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This book provides insights into the drive to achieve substantive gender equality in four Nordic countries: Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. It draws a diverse and complex picture of the long, uneven, and unfinished process towards that goal. These countries’ systematic use of a combination of political and legal instruments has been described as the Nordic gender equality model. The Nordic states are known for the wide range of policies and programmes that, since the middle of the 20th century, have been adopted to ensure the provision of health services, education and economic safety for all, regardless of socioeconomic background and gender. In the 1970s and 1980s, the Nordic countries were among the first in the world to enact general gender equality and anti-discrimination laws with low-threshold enforcement mechanisms as an alternative to the ordinary courts.
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| 4. |
- Hellum, Anne, et al.
(författare)
-
Introduction: Nordic equality and anti-discrimination laws in the throes of change
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Nordic Equality and Anti-Discrimination Laws in the Throes of Change Legal developments in Sweden, Finland, Norway, and Iceland. - London : Routledge. - 9781032001258 - 9781003172840
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This book provides insights into the drive to achieve substantive gender equality in four Nordic countries: Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. It draws a diverse and complex picture of the long, uneven, and unfinished process towards that goal. These countries’ systematic use of a combination of political and legal instruments has been described as the Nordic gender equality model. The overall aim of such an approach is to achieve substantive equality through a variety of measures that go beyond formal equality. Laws and policies on gender equality vary with the political, social and legal context in each of the Nordic countries, but the Nordic gender equality model may be understood as consisting of three key components. The first is an overarching gender equality policy. The second is welfare legislation that has an explicit or implicit impact on gender relations. The third component is what we refer to as ‘gender equality and anti-discrimination law regimes’: laws that prohibit gender discrimination and promote gender equality through proactive measures, in combination with low-threshold enforcement systems.
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