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- Bellgran, Monica, et al.
(författare)
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Environmental Management in Manufacturing Industries
- 2015
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Ingår i: Handbook of Clean Energy Systems. - Chichester, UK : John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. - 9781118388587
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The environmental concern requires manufacturing industries to direct resources and effort toward strategies and activities that help reducing their overall environmental impact. Using environmental management systems (EMSs) such as ISO 14001 or similar is common. However, as the EMSs do not put absolute requirements on the organization's environmental performance, it is still up to each manufacturing company to set the ambition level. As part of the EMSs, the identification of the environmental aspects to be dealt with during the operations phase could be supported by an industrial applicable method called Green Performance Map (GPM), engaging the employees on all levels to work with those environmental improvements they could impact. While most manufacturing companies are implementing the concept of lean production, it is advantageous to integrate the environmental improvement work into the existing lean infrastructure with, for example, daily management systems and scheduled activities for continuous improvement. Another approach discussed in the article is the need for emphasizing the design of the production system as an upstream activity that has fundamental impact on the environmental performance downstream, that is, in the operations phase. When designing new production equipment or renovating existing equipment, the opportunities to incorporate more energy- and resource-efficient solutions are much greater and cheaper compared to investing in such solutions afterward during serial production. Arguably, a combined design and operations approach is necessary in order to achieve a complete green mindset that will guide the environmental actions on both the strategic, tactical, and operational levels. Managing the environmental tasks is part of the overall strive toward lean and clean energy systems in manufacturing industry.
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| 2. |
- Jin, Yunkai, et al.
(författare)
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New Energy Crops for Biofuel Production
- 2015
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Ingår i: Handbook of clean energy systems. - Chichester, UK : John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. - 9781118388587 ; , s. 49-62
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 3. |
- Kyprianidis, Konstantinos
(författare)
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Gas Turbines for Power and Propulsion
- 2015. - 1
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Ingår i: Handbook of Clean Energy Systems. - Chichester, West Sussex, UK : John Wiley & Sons. - 9781118388587 ; , s. 1-25
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- For over seven decades, the gas turbine has been used successfully in a variety of applications including aircraft, ship, and surface vehicle propulsion as well as for electrical power and heat generation. The gas turbine is in essence a type of internal combustion engine comprising in its simplest form a compressor, a combustor, and a turbine. It can utilize a variety of different fuels, most commonly natural gas and kerosene (Jet-A).The gas turbine has played a key role in the expansion of jet transportation and is currently the prime mover for almost all commercial applications, other than light aircraft. It also has had a considerable impact in the power generation sector with efficiencies in excess of 40% for simple cycles, and close to 60% for combined cycles. Over the next decades, it is expected that the gas turbine will continue to play a significant role in the power generation and propulsion market.This article covers the fundamentals of gas turbine design, performance, and future technology development. First, a short presentation of the fundamental thermodynamics relating to the gas turbine is given. It is followed by an ideal analysis of three major cycles: the simple cycle, the intercooled cycle, and the intercooled recuperated cycle. Typical losses for gas turbine components are discussed along with relevant performance modeling methods. The fundamental principles of gas turbine conceptual design are presented followed by an assessment of the real performance of the three major cycles. Finally, a critical review is presented of future gas turbine concepts and their enabling technologies, with the primary focus on civil aircraft propulsion. Recent development trends and the primary research and development efforts by major gas turbine manufacturers are discussed in detail.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Lindberg, Carl-Fredrik, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Energy Conservation in Industry : Steam Energy Fingerprint of Paper Machine
- 2015
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Ingår i: Handbook of Clean Energy Systems. - Chichester, West Sussex, UK : John Wiley & Sons. - 9781118388587 ; , s. 2175-2181
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is a large value in making the industry more energy efficient. The benefit is not only energy savings and reduction of CO2 emissions, the industry also becomes more competitive due to lower costs for energy, and often also improved production rate and product quality due to positive side effects when processes are made more efficient. Several factors influence efficiency, the most important ones are presented, as well as advices for an assessment and actions for improvements.As an example a steam energy fingerprint of a paper machine is given. In the assessment energy flows are quantified, energy users in the paper machine are benchmarked and actions for improving efficiency are suggested.
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