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- Allely, Clare Sarah
(författare)
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Neurobiology of brain injury and its link with violence and extreme single and multiple homicides
- 2018
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Ingår i: Wiley Blackwell Handbook of Forensic Neuroscience. - : Wiley. - 9781118650868 ; , s. 385-420
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This chapter examines the evidence for the level of brain injury in those who commit criminal acts. It includes numerous case studies of single and multiple homicides where brain injury was found to be present, and a comprehensive account of how brain injury is assessed and identified. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an injury to the brain, which is the result of trauma to the head. There are numerous causes such as road traffic accidents, assaults, and falls. It is a chronic health condition that has been found to be associated with a variety of behavioral, emotional, cognitive, and somatic symptoms. TBI among offender populations is considered by The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to be an important public health problem as people in prison who have suffered from one or more TBIs are more vulnerable to psychiatric mental health disorders including anxiety, severe depression, substance abuse, and/or suicidal thoughts. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 2. |
- Hofvander, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Offenders with autism spectrum disorder
- 2018
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Ingår i: The Wiley Blackwell Handbook of Forensic Neuroscience. - : Wiley. - 9781118650929 - 9781118650868 ; 1-2, s. 273-299
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter expresses that autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous disorder where several neural networks are involved in producing the behavioral symptoms. Comorbidity in other neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders is a hallmark of ASD. The chapter presents an overview of the clinical and neurobiological characteristics of ASD as well as the literature on the association between ASD and offending. The integrated emotion systems model hypothesizes that deviant social behavior, such as violence, is the result of inhibited emotional development caused by dysfunction in the amygdala and other limbic system regions, like the hippocampus, hypothalamus, anterior cingulate cortex, insular cortex, and ventral striatum. Importantly, a defendant with ASD most often lacks the ability to correctly imagine, interpret, or predict others' thoughts, feelings, or behaviors and they will therefore have difficulty in understanding the consequences of their own or others' actions and are unlikely to be aware of how their behavior is interpreted by others.
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