| 1. |
- Duquennoy, Simon, et al.
(författare)
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Let the Tree Bloom: Scalable Opportunistic Routing with ORPL
- 2013
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Ingår i: SenSys '13: Proceedings of the 11th ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems. - New York, NY, USA : ACM. - 9781450320276
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Routing in battery-operated wireless networks is challenging, posing a tradeoff between energy and latency. Previous work has shown that opportunistic routing can achieve low-latency data collection in duty-cycled networks. However, applications are now considered where nodes are not only periodic data sources, but rather addressable end points generating traffic with arbitrary patterns.We present ORPL, an opportunistic routing protocol that supports any-to-any, on-demand traffic. ORPL builds upon RPL, the standard protocol for low-power IPv6 networks. By combining RPL's tree-like topology with opportunistic routing, ORPL forwards data to any destination based on the mere knowledge of the nodes' sub-tree. We use bitmaps and Bloom filters to represent and propagate this information in a space-efficient way, making ORPL scale to large networks of addressable nodes. Our results in a 135-node testbed show that ORPL outperforms a number of state-of-the-art solutions including RPL and CTP, conciliating a sub-second latency and a sub-percent duty cycle. ORPL also increases robustness and scalability, addressing the whole network reliably through a 64-byte Bloom filter, where RPL needs kilobytes of routing tables for the same task.
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| 2. |
- Keppitiyagama, Chamath I., et al.
(författare)
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Poster abstract : Temperature hints for sensornet routing
- 2013
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Ingår i: SenSys 2013 - Proceedings of the 11th ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems. - New York, NY, USA : Association for Computing Machinery. - 9781450320276
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Real-world experiments have shown that the transmission power and the received signal strength of low-power radio transceivers used in sensornets decrease when temperature increases. We analyze how this phenomenon afects the network layer, and find that temperature uctuations may cause undesirable behavior by sensornet routing protocols such as CTP and RPL. Furthermore, we present an approach to make these protocols robust to temperature uctuations by augmenting the ETX link metric with temperature hints.
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| 3. |
- Landsiedel, Olaf, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Chaos: Versatile and Efficient All-to-All Data Sharing and In-Network Processing at Scale
- 2013
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Ingår i: SenSys '13: Proceedings of the 11th ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems. - New York, NY, USA : ACM. - 9781450320276
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- An important building block for low-power wireless systems is to efficiently share and process data among all devices in a network. However, current approaches typically split such all-to-all interactions into sequential collection, processing, and dissemination phases, thus handling them inefficiently.We introduce Chaos, the first primitive that natively supports all-to-all data sharing in low-power wireless networks. Different from current approaches, Chaos embeds programmable in-network processing into a communication support based on synchronous transmissions. We show that this design enables a variety of common all-to-all interactions, including network-wide agreement and data aggregation. Results from three testbeds and simulations demonstrate that Chaos scales efficiently to networks consisting of hundreds of nodes, achieving severalfold improvements over LWB and CTP/Drip in radio duty cycle and latency with almost 100 % reliability across all scenarios we tested. For example, Chaos computes simple aggregates, such as the maximum, in a 100-node multi-hop network within less than 90 milliseconds.
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| 4. |
- Misra, Prasant, et al.
(författare)
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Poster abstract : SparseGPS: Energy efficient gps acquisition via sparse approximation
- 2013
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Ingår i: SenSys 2013 - Proceedings of the 11th ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems. - New York, NY, USA : Association for Computing Machinery. - 9781450320276
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The global positioning system (GPS) system is a dominant wireless technology that enables reliable location sensing for a diverse range of outdoor mobile applications. Following rising demands for location sensing, low-cost GPS receivers are becoming widely available; but their energy demands are still too high to be useful for many of these applications. For energy eficient GPS sensing, the possibility of oading a few milliseconds of raw signal samples and leveraging the greater processing power of the cloud for obtaining a position fix is being actively investigated. In an attempt to reduce the energy cost of this data oading operation, we propose SparseGPS: a lightweight GPS acquisition mechanism based on sparse approximation.
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| 5. |
- Mottola, Luca, et al.
(författare)
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Poster abstract : Towards spatial macroprogramming for sensing and actuating robot swarms
- 2013
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Ingår i: SenSys 2013 - Proceedings of the 11th ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems. - New York, NY, USA : Association for Computing Machinery. - 9781450320276
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present our ongoing work on the design of macropro- gramming abstractions to program sensing and actuating applications using robot swarms. Robots can sample the environment and act on it where no other sensor can reach, e.g., to monitor the environment at altitude with aerial robots. Programming the individual behavior of multiple coordinat- ing robots is dificult. We design LiftOff, a macropro- gramming abstraction that allows to program robot swarms collectively, by creating the illusion of a single computing device that occupies the entire physical space of interest. We achieve this by giving variables and values in a pro- gramming language a spatial semantics. In LiftOff, values may be associated to a location, and programmers use the same variable to access diferent values at diferent locations, sparing the need to manually create a mapping from variables to spatial values. LiftOff applications execute synchronously or based on lazy evaluation. The former allows precise program analysis, e.g., usng model checking, whilst the latter potentially executes faster. In this paper, we report on LiftOff's initial design and prototypes.
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| 6. |
- Sant'Anna, Francisco, et al.
(författare)
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Safe System-level Concurrency for Resource-Constrained Nodes
- 2013
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Ingår i: SenSys '13: Proceedings of the 11th ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems. - New York, NY, USA : ACM. - 9781450320276
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite the continuous research to facilitate WSNs development, most safety analysis and mitigation efforts in concurrency are still left to developers, who must manage synchronization and shared memory explicitly. In this paper, we present a system language that ensures safe concurrency by handling threats at compile time, rather than at runtime. Based on the synchronous programming model, our design allows for a simple reasoning about concurrency that enables compile-time analysis resulting in deterministic and memory-safe programs. As a trade-off, our design imposes limitations on the language expressiveness, such as doing computationally-intensive operations and meeting hard real-time responsiveness. To show that the achieved expressiveness and responsiveness is sufficient for a wide range of WSN applications, we implement widespread network protocols and the CC2420 radio driver. The implementations show a reduction in source code size, with a penalty of memory increase below 10% in comparison to nesC. Overall, we ensure safety properties for programs relying on high-level control abstractions that also lead to concise and readable code.
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| 7. |
- Zimmerling, Marco, et al.
(författare)
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Poster abstract : Synchronous transmissions enable simple yet accurate protocol modeling
- 2013
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Ingår i: SenSys 2013 - Proceedings of the 11th ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems. - New York, NY, USA : Association for Computing Machinery. - 9781450320276
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Traditional low-power wireless protocols maintain distributed network state to cope with link dynamics. Modeling the pro- tocol operation as a function of network state is dificult as the state is frequently updated in an uncoordinated fashion. Recent protocols use synchronous transmissions (ST): mul- tiple nodes send simultaneously towards the same receiver, as opposed to pairwise link-based transmissions (LT). ST en- able eficient multi-hop protocols with little network state. We studied whether ST in Glossy enable simple yet accu- rate protocol modeling [10]. Based on extensive testbed experiments and statistical analyses, we found that: (i) unlike LT, packet receptions and losses with ST largely adhere to a sequence of independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) Bernoulli trials; (ii) this property greatly simplifies accurately modeling ST-based protocols, as we demonstrated by obtaining model errors below 0.25% in energy for the Glossy based Low-Power Wireless Bus (LWB).
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