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- Björk, Gunnar G., et al.
(författare)
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Limits to the efficiency of quantum lithography
- 2011
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Ingår i: Conf. Lasers Electro-Opt. Europe Eur. Quantum Electron. Conf., CLEO EUROPE/EQEC. - 9781457705335 ; , s. 5943416-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Quantum lithography promises, in principle, unlimited feature resolution, independent of wavelength. The price to be paid is that the lithographic film must consist of a multi-photon absorbing material. If N photons are absorbed, the minimum feature resolution goes from roughly /2 to /2N. However, there has been a discussion in the literature as to what is the probability of N photons in a lithographic exposure field to hit the same detector pixel, thereby enabling the needed N-photon absorption. On one hand it has been claimed that If the optical system is aligned properly, the probability of the first photon arriving in a small absorptive volume of space time is proportional to [the field intensity]. However, the remaining N-1 photons are constrained to arrive at the same place at the same time [1]. On the other hand it has been argued that it is not true that the first arriving photon greatly constrains the arrival location of the following ones Very few photons will be absorbed in one point since they typically arrive far apart. [2]. The answer to this dispute dictate very much the practical feasibility of quantum lithography, because if the few photons in the entangled state are spread out over the exposed area, the probability will quickly become negligible that they arrive at the same spot (causing a N-photon detection event). This will render quantum lithography very inefficient, albeit still feasible in principle.
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| 2. |
- Corcoran, William, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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All-optical signal processing using slow light enhanced nonlinearities in silicon waveguides
- 2011
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Ingår i: 2011 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe and 12th European Quantum Electronics Conference, CLEO EUROPE/EQEC 2011; Munich; 22 May 2011 through 26 May 2011. - 9781457705335
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nonlinear optical processes utilizing the ultrafast Kerr (ξ (3) ) nonlinearity provide a tool to manipulate short, picosecond long optical pulses [1], of interest for high baud rate serial communications. Increasing the nonlinear response of waveguides allows for more compact and potentially more efficient all-optical devices, with many device demonstrations in high index, highly nonlinear materials, such as silicon [2] . Further enhancing the nonlinear response of waveguides can be achieved by using resonant structures to increase the energy density, however demonstrations of signal processing using these structures have been limited to bandwidths of a few 10s of GHz at most (e.g. [3]). © 2011 IEEE.
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| 3. |
- Shahid, Naeem, et al.
(författare)
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Engineering mode-gaps in photonic crystal waveguides for filtering applications
- 2011
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Ingår i: Conf. Lasers Electro-Opt. Europe Eur. Quantum Electron. Conf., CLEO EUROPE/EQEC. - 9781457705335
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Photonic crystal (PhC) components in InP-based materials are of practical importance not only for their unique properties but also for integration with conventional optoelectronic components on InP substrate. PhC waveguides have been investigated extensively for their unique waveguiding and dispersive properties. One such interesting property is the mode-gap which results in a transmission mini-stop band (MSB) [1] and has been investigated for applications such as coarse wavelength selection [2]. However, the optical characteristics of the MSB have to be improved significantly. Single heterojunction PhC waveguides have received much less attention [3] and in particular the internal MSB effect due to mode-coupling could bring new functions in such waveguides.
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| 4. |
- Swillo, Marcin, et al.
(författare)
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Laser ablation in selected minerals for extracting fluid in inclusions
- 2011
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Ingår i: Conf. Lasers Electro-Opt. Europe Eur. Quantum Electron. Conf., CLEO EUROPE/EQEC. - 9781457705335
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fluid inclusions are naturally formed micro-containers in minerals that have been sealed since the mineral was formed. Analysis of inorganic and organic fluids from various inclusions is of particular interest for geologists, who are investigating environmental information and sometimes organic content. The inclusions are to a large extent prevented from contamination and many temporal changes as they are embedded within minerals. However, an essential part of the investigation procedure is the method of extracting fluids from such minerals. Since mechanical drilling or polishing involves a high risk for contamination of the sample, it is suggested to use a laser ablation technique to isolate the samples. In order to assess the potential of this technique, we have studied the parameters for laser ablation in quartz, calcite and apatite (the most common minerals containing fluid inclusions).
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