| 1. |
- Aysan, Hüseyin, et al.
(författare)
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Probabilistic Scheduling Guarantees in Distributed Real-Time Systems under Error Bursts
- 2012
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Ingår i: IEEE Symposium on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation, ETFA 2012. - 9781467347372 ; , s. Article number: 6489644-
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Networked embedded systems used in many real-time (RT) applications rely on dependable communication. Controller Area Network (CAN) has gained wider acceptance as a standard in a large number of applications, mostly due to its cost effectiveness, predictable performance, and its fault-tolerance capability. Research so far has focused on rather simplistic error models which assume only singleton errors separated by a minimum inter-arrival time. However, these systems are often subject to faults that manifest as error bursts of various lengths which have an adverse effect on the message response times that needs to be accounted for. Furthermore, an important factor to be considered in this context is the random nature of occurrences of faults and errors, which, if addressed in the traditional schedulability analysis by assuming a rigid worst case occurrence scenario, may lead to inaccurate results. In this paper we first present a stochastic fault and error model which has the capability of modeling error bursts in lieu of the commonly used simplistic error assumptions. We then present a methodology which enables the provision of appropriate probabilistic RT guarantees in distributed RT systems for the particular case of message scheduling on CAN under the assumed error assumptions
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| 2. |
- Bate, Iain, et al.
(författare)
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Better, Faster, Cheaper, and Safer Too : Is This Really Possible?
- 2012
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Ingår i: IEEE Symposium on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation, ETFA. - : IEEE. - 9781467347372 ; , s. 6489706-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Increased levels of automation together with increased complexity of automation systems brings increased responsibility on the system developers in terms of quality demands from the legal perspectives as well as company reputation. Component based development of software systems provides a viable and cost-effective alternative in this context provided one can address the quality and safety certification demands in an efficient manner. In this paper we present our vision, challenges and a brief outline of various research themes in which our team is engaged currently within two major projects.
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| 3. |
- Bergenhem, Carl
(författare)
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A status protocol for system-operation in a fault-tolerant system : Verification and testing with SPIN
- 2012
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Ingår i: IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation, ETFA. - 9781467347372
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a status protocol for a fault-tolerant distributed real-time system. The protocol aims to give all nodes a consistent view of the status of processing operations during one communication cycle; despite the occurrence of asymmetric omission failures. The system consists of nodes interconnected with a time-triggered network. A part of the protocol is performed only on-demand i.e. when failure is detected and can thus make use of event-triggered messages in e.g. FlexRay. The protocol is studied in several configurations of nodes and processes. Model checking with SPIN shows that it is not possible to guarantee a consistent decision when more than one failure occurs. SPIN is then used to enumerate the success-ratio (at least 90%) of the protocol in failure scenarios for a number of configurations of the protocol.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Kyusakov, Rumen, et al.
(författare)
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Emerging energy management standards and technologies - Challenges and application prospects
- 2012
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Ingår i: 2012 IEEE 17th Conference on Emerging Technologies & Factory Automation : (ETFA 2012). - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE Communications Society. - 9781467347358 - 9781467347365 - 9781467347372
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The continuously rising costs and the environmental impact of energy generation, transmission and consumption are a major concern for governments, industry and society alike. Among research in renewable energy sources as well as in energy efficiency of buildings, electrical appliances, vehicles etc., a considerable amount of attention has been devoted to effective energy management. In this paper, we present a survey on emerging energy management standards with focus on enabling application layer Information and Communications Technologies (ICT) that are a central part of these standards. The presented work includes an analysis on the challenges, future trends, security and application prospects of energy management standards. As part of the survey, the emerging Open Automated Demand Response (OpenADR) version 2.0 and Smart Energy Profile (SEP) version 2.0 were identified as the most promising and complete solutions. The presented survey provides an important insight on the future developments in the area of energy management protocols and highlights a number of key ICT solutions and challenges.
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| 6. |
- Lennartson, Bengt, 1956, et al.
(författare)
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State-Vector Transition Model Applied to Supervisory Control
- 2012
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Ingår i: 17th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies & Factory Automation (ETFA). - 9781467347372
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In supervisory control theory, a supervisor restricts the plant in order to fulfill given specifications. A problem for larger industrial applications is that the resulting supervisor is not easily implemented and comprehensible for the users. To tackle this problem, an efficient method has recently been introduced to characterize a supervisor by tractable logic conditions, referred to as guards. This approach has been developed for a specific type of automata with variables called extended finite automata (EFAs). An extension of this approach to a more general class of models is presented in this paper. It means that classical supervisory control problems for automata and Petri nets are easily and efficiently solved, but also generalized based on the suggested approach. The synthesis procedure is naturally modeled and efficiently computed based on binary decision diagrams.
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| 7. |
- Mashaei, Maziar, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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A Universal Framework for Lean Design and Control of Automated Material Handling Systems
- 2012
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Ingår i: IEEE 17th International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation, ETFA 2012. - 9781467347372
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lean design and control of an automated material handling system is investigated in this study. A universal framework for modeling and analysis of different types of material handling mechanisms is introduced to obtain a minimum number of resources in a system design and fulfill a desired throughput. This framework is developed in a discrete event simulation environment and applied to a case study based on a real pallet system technology. The minimal design of the pallet system is realized by devising the system universal model.
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| 8. |
- Nia, Nima, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Efficient geometrical simulation and virtual commissioning performed in stamping
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings of 2012 IEEE 17th International Conference on Emerging Technologies & Factory Automation (ETFA 2012). - Polen : IEEE. - 9781467347372 - 9781467347365 - 9781467347358 ; , s. 1-8
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order to perform efficient geometrical simulation and virtual commissioning in stamping, three fields are investigated namely: simulation building time, collision detection time and optimization time. Hence, reducing time is the main theme of this paper. To reduce simulation building time and optimization time, an efficient stamping simulation model is built and tested. Collision detection time is examined by a relative motion method based on 3D to 2D geometrical collision detection. The presented results mean that simulation and virtual commissioning can be performed at least ten times faster compared to standard approaches.
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| 9. |
- Provost, Julien, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Planning in assembly systems – A common modeling for products and resources
- 2012
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Ingår i: Emerging Technologies & Factory Automation (ETFA). - 9781467347372
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a method for modeling robot andhuman resources in the context of assembly systems planning.In assembly systems, several redundant resourcescan be used to increase system flexibility. However, the“quality” of a sequence planning strongly depends on the“quality” of the system modeling. Furthermore, occurrenceof unexpected events or variations in availability ofresources may have significant impact on the actual planning.Instead of using simplistic models such as availableor unavailable resources, the method presented in this paperproposes a more detailed modeling of resource abilities.Products and resources are considered on the samelevels and matched together on a final step. The aim ofthis modeling is to permit analyses and to increase systemflexibility.
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| 10. |
- Saadatmand, Mehrdad, et al.
(författare)
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Monitoring capabilities of schedulers in model-driven development of real-time systems
- 2012
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Ingår i: 2012 IEEE 17th Conference On Emerging Technologies & Factory Automation (ETFA). - : IEEE. - 9781467347372 ; , s. 6489589-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Model-driven development has the potential to reduce the design complexity of real-time embedded systems by increasing the abstraction level, enabling analysis at earlier phases of development, and automatic generation of code from the models. In this context, capabilities of schedulers as part of the underlying platform play an important role. They can affect the complexity of code generators and how the model is implemented on the platform. Also, the way a scheduler monitors the timing behaviors of tasks and schedules them can facilitate the extraction of runtime information. This information can then be used as feedback to the original model in order to identify parts of the model that may need to be re-designed and modified. This is especially important in order to achieve round-trip support for model-driven development of real-time systems. In this paper, we describe our work in providing such monitoring features by introducing a second layer scheduler on top of the OSE real-time operating system's scheduler. The goal is to extend the monitoring capabilities of the scheduler without modifying the kernel. The approach can also contribute to the predictability of applications by bringing more awareness to the scheduler about the type of real-time tasks (i.e., periodic, sporadic, and aperiodic) that are to be scheduled and the information that should be monitored and logged for each type.
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