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- Dalianis, Hercules
(författare)
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Clinical Text Retrieval - An Overview of Basic Building Blocks and Applications
- 2014
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Ingår i: Professional search in the modern world. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319125107 - 9783319125114 ; , s. 147-165
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article describes information retrieval, natural language processing and text mining of electronic patient record text, also called clinical text. Clinical text is written by physicians and nurses to document the health care process of the patient. First we describe some characteristics of clinical text, followed by the automatic preprocessing of the text that is necessary for making it usable for some applications. We also describe some applications for clinicians including spelling and grammar checking, ICD-10 diagnosis code assignment, as well as other applications for hospital management such as ICD-10 diagnosis code validation and detection of adverse events such as hospital acquired infections. Part of the preprocessing makes the clinical text useful for faceted search, although clinical text already has some keys for performing faceted search such as gender, age, ICD-10 diagnosis codes, ATC drug codes, etc. Preprocessing makes use of ICD-10 codes and the SNOMED-CT textual descriptions. ICD-10 codes and SNOMED-CT are available in several languages and can be considered the modern Greek or Latin of medical language. The basic research presented here has its roots in the challenges described by the health care sector. These challenges have been partially solved in academia, and we believe the solutions will be adapted to the health care sector in real world applications.
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| 2. |
- Hansen, Preben, et al.
(författare)
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A Use Case Framework for Information Access Evaluation
- 2014
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Ingår i: Professional Search in the Modern World. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319125107 - 9783319125114 ; , s. 6-22
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Information access is no longer only a question of retrieving topical text documents in a work-task related context. Information search has become one of the most common uses of the personal computers; a daily task for millions of individual users searching for information motivated by information needs they experience for some reason, momentarily or continuously. Instead of professionally edited text documents, multilingual and multimedia content from a variety of sources of varying quality needs to be accessed. Even the scope of the research efforts in the field must therefore be broadened to better capture the mechanisms for the systems’ impact, take-up and success in the marketplace. Much work has been carried out in this direction: graded relevance, and new evaluation metrics, more varied document collections used in evaluation and different search tasks evaluated. The research in the field is however fragmented. Despite that the need for a common evaluation framework is widely acknowledged, such framework is still not in place. IR system evaluation results are not regularly validated in Interactive IR or field studies; the infrastructure for generalizing Interactive IR results over tasks, users and collections is still missing. This chapter presents a use case-based framework for experimental design in the field of interactive information access. Use cases in general connect system design and evaluation to interaction and user goals, and help identifying test cases for different user groups of a system. We suggest that use cases can provide a useful link even between information access system usage and evaluation mechanisms and thus bring together research from the different related research fields. In this chapter we discuss how use cases can guide the developments of rich models of users, domains, environments, and interaction, and make explicit how the models are connected to benchmarking mechanisms. We give examples of the central features of the different models. The framework is highlighted by examples that sketch out how the framework can be productively used in experimental design and reporting with a minimal threshold for adoption.
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