| 1. |
- Malmsten Lundgren, Victor, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
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Will There Be New Communication Needs When Introducing Automated Vehicles to the Urban Context?
- 2017
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Ingår i: Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 9783319416816 - 9783319416823 ; , s. 485-497
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In today’s encounters with vehicles, pedestrians are often dependent on cues in drivers’ behavior such as eye contact, postures, and gestures. With an increased level of automation, and the transfer of control from the driver to the vehicle, the pedestrians cannot rely on such cues anymore. The question is: will there be new communication needs to warrant safe interactions with automated vehicles? This question is addressed by exploring pedestrians’ willingness to cross the street and their emotional state in encounters with a seemingly automated vehicle. The results show that pedestrians’ willingness to cross the street decrease with an inattentive driver. Eye contact with the driver on the other hand leads to calm interaction between vehicle and pedestrian. In conclusion, to sustain perceived safety when eye contact is discarded due to vehicle automation, it could be beneficial to provide pedestrians with the corresponding information in some other way (e.g., by means of an external vehicle interface).
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Introducing wireless charging for drivers of electrical vehicles in Sweden—Effects on charging behaviour and attitudes
- 2017
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Ingår i: Adv. Intell. Sys. Comput.. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 9783319416816 ; , s. 951-962
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper reports on a Swedish large-scale research and demonstration study of wireless charging of electric vehicles. The study is the first of its kind outside North America. The purpose of the 18-month study was to test the technology during real life working conditions using 20 electric vehicles located at eight municipality and company sites in Sweden. The study indicates that the charging behaviour will most likely be different with inductive charging. There are clear benefits of inductive charging that have the potential to increase the attractiveness of electric vehicles, and there are no substantial evidence that perceived safety should hinder a wider adoption of inductive charging. Further, we conclude that the usability of the technology can have a high impact on perceived attractiveness, and should therefore be of focus in future developments of the technology.
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| 3. |
- Habibovic, Azra, et al.
(författare)
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Command-based driving for tactical control of highly automated vehicles
- 2017
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Ingår i: Advances in Human Aspects of Transportation. - Cham : Springer Verlag. - 9783319416816 ; , s. 499-510
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- As vehicles become highly automated, their drivers become more passive. A concern is it may take drivers out of the control loop, causing reduced satisfaction and perceived control. The study explores whether or not drivers feel the need to control tactical decisions when operating highly automated vehicles. An experiment involving 17 drivers was carried out in a driving simulator. Each driver tested two different tactical controllers, allowing him/her to give various tactical commands to the vehicle (e.g., overtake, park). The results indicate that the drivers experienced a need to affect tactical decisions of highly automated vehicles. Several of the tactical commands were found useful, especially on rural roads and highways. It also gave them a feeling of being in control of the vehicle, suggesting that command-based driving might be a way to keep drivers in the control loop.
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| 4. |
- Praetorius, Gesa, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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FRAM in FSA : Introducing a Function-Based Approach to the Formal Safety Assessment Framework
- 2017
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Ingår i: Advances in Human Aspects of Transportation. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319416823 ; , s. 399-411
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Formal Safety Assessment (FSA) is a structured methodology in maritime safety rule making processes. FSA takes organizational, technical and human-related factors into concern. While the method allows for the use of expert input during the identification of hazards and risk control options, the FSA guidelines give preference to assessment methods grounded in quantitative risk assessment. No specific guidance is given on how expert input should be obtained. This article therefore presents the findings of a pilot study with the objective to introduce the Functional Resonance Analysis Method (FRAM) as a method to enrich FSA studies through structured expert input. Two focus groups (n = 6) were conducted to compare hazards and risk control options identified in one scenario with the help of fault tree analysis and FRAM. The results of the study show that FRAM has the potential to enrich hazard identification as a complementary tool.
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