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- Carlsson, Ingegerd, et al.
(author)
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Mature and immature defenses. A study of repressors and trait anxiety groups
- 2008
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In: Process and Personality. Actualization of the personal world with process-oriented methods. - 9783938793893 ; , s. 127-142
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- To investigate defense mechanisms, repressors (n= 14), highly anxious (n = 37) and low anxious (n = 7) groups were tested with the Meta Contrast Technique (Smith, Johnson, Almgren & Johanson, 2001). The division into repressors and anxiety groups was made on a larger group (N = 140), which was also investigated with respect to experienced access to preconscious processes, here operationalized as memory for dreams. Results: The repressors got higher scores on immature defense mechanisms than the highly or low anxious groups (p = .04 versus p < .05). The repressors as well as the highly anxious group were higher on a measure of overall defense than the low anxious group (p < .05 in both comparisons). Regarding the separate defense categories, a significant difference was found for repression, which was more frequent in the highly anxious than in the low anxious group (p = .003). Memory for dreams differed only in the men. The male repressors scored significantly lower on dream memory than the highly anxious men (p < .02). The immature defensive structure in the repressors was discussed in terms of regressive reactions, speculatively due to a lack of symbolic functioning concerning anxiety-arousing areas, i.e. alexithymia.
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| 2. |
- Carlsson, Ingegerd, et al.
(author)
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Pilots and ground officers investigated by process tests of creativity, extraversion, and stress control
- 2008
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In: Process and Personality. Actualization of the personal world with process-oriented methods. - 9783938793893 ; , s. 201-220
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In an exploratory investigation of personality patterns, Swedish air force pilots (n = 22) and ground officers (n = 14) were tested with the Creative Functioning Test, the Serial Color Word test, and the Spiral After-Effect Technique. The participants also answered open questions about their work and about creativity related items. Achievement ratings were made by their superior officers. An initial discriminant analysis separated the groups to 83.3 %. Next, cluster analyses were conducted on the test results, resulting in three pilot clusters and three ground officer clusters. The pilot clusters were interpreted as forming meaningful groups, in agreement with previous research. Thereafter the clusters were compared with the results on the open questions. The significant answering categories gave face validity support to the clusters. It was concluded that it is important to investigate personality patterns, as measured by process tests, and, in future research, to make comparisons with biological markers as well as questionnaires.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Hoff, Eva, et al.
(author)
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Vision forming and brain storming. Different aspects of creativity captured by a percept-genetic measurement and traditional measurements of creativity
- 2008
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In: Process and personality. Actualization of the personal world with process-oriented methods. - 9783938793893 ; , s. 221-239
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The relationship between a percept-genetic measurement of creativity and other tests of creativity was investigated. The participants were elementary school children. The relation between self-image and three different creativity measures was also studied. A creative fluency test, a questionnaire about creative activities and a percept-genetic creativity test were used. A self-image inventory measured skills, physical self, psychological health and relationship to others. The results showed that the creativity measures were, to some extent, significantly related, except the cognitive flexibility dimension of the percept-genetic test. One possible explanation was that the percept-genetic test measured another aspect of creativity. This was illustrated in a cluster analysis in relation to self-image. There were no self-image differences between children with high and low creativity in any of the three measurements. Few gender differences were found.
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| 7. |
- Smith, Gudmund, et al.
(author)
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Introduction
- 2008
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In: Process and personality. Actualization of the personal world with process-oriented methods. - 9783938793893 - 3938793899 ; , s. 1-5
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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