| 1. |
- Al-Saqaf, Walid, 1973-
(författare)
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The Internet is Weakening Authoritarian States’ Information Control : Syria as a case study
- 2016
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Ingår i: Freedom of Expression and Media in Transition. - Gothenburg : Nordicom. - 9789187957222 ; , s. 135-143
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Previous research has identified information control as one of the most common traits of authoritarian regimes. With the advent of the Internet, however, attempts the ability to maintain a total blackout of selected types of information, such as anti-regime messages, dissident videos, etc., has weakenedve weakened. This article uses Syria as a case study to illustrate that despite the country’s regime’s pervasive Internet censorship methods of blocking dozens of websites, access to those websites remained possible. This was due to the emergence of censorship circumvention tools, which the present author argues are a form of liberation technology.
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| 2. |
- Carlsson, Ulla, 1950
(författare)
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Freedom of Media in a Time of Uncertainty
- 2016
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Ingår i: Freedom of Expression and Media in Transition. Studies and reflections in the digital age.. - Göteborg : University of Gothenburg. - 9789187957222 ; , s. 9-18
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 3. |
- Edström, Maria, 1960, et al.
(författare)
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Trust and values for sale. Market-Driven and Democracy-driven Freedom of Expression
- 2016
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Ingår i: In Carlsson, U. (Ed.) Freedom of Expression and Media in Transition. Studies and Reflections in the Digital Age. - Göteborg : Nordicom. - 9789187957222 ; , s. 67-74
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the common search to safeguard freedom of expression, one aspect has been less discussed than others, commercial influences on free speech. The important distinction between journalism and advertising, emphasized in both legislation and self-regulation, is perceived as a necessary condition for trust and legitimacy for media. This trust is being challenged by new types of content, such as native advertising. Values are also at risk, one example is the reluctance towards limiting gender stereotyping in advertising. The changing media landscape and the different positions and arguments can be analysed by using the conceptual distinction between market-driven and democracy-driven freedom of expression.
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| 4. |
- Lucchi, Nicola, 1971-
(författare)
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Digital media pluralism. The need for global strategies
- 2016
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Ingår i: Freedom of expression and media in transition. - Göteborg : Nordicom. - 9789187957222 ; , s. 91-100
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The chapter considers the global impacts of digital communication technologiesand how they can influence media pluralism and media freedom as wellas the ways in which legal systems aim to support and protect them. Electroniccommunication and technical developments have in fact contributed to enormouschanges in daily life. They have also promoted important economic,social and cultural transformations. The new digital environment has becomean essential space used for various purposes not strictly informational. In addition,digital communication technologies are regarded as necessary instrumentsfor having full enjoyment of a series of rights, including the right toaccess knowledge and information, the right to communicate, the right to cultureand the right to participate in society. This new situation also implies thatall people should have access to these technological innovations at affordableconditions, and that any restrictions should be strictly limited and proportionate.As online networks are considered a particularly well-designed space forpluralism and cultural diversity, their freedom and openness should be protectedand enhanced. In particular, the principle of an open and unrestrictedInternet – as it was originally conceived – should be considered an essentialprecondition for any regulatory measure taken with regard to it.
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