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| 2. |
- Lozano, Rafael, et al.
(författare)
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Measuring progress from 1990 to 2017 and projecting attainment to 2030 of the health-related Sustainable Development Goals for 195 countries and territories: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017
- 2018
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Ingår i: The Lancet. - : Elsevier. - 1474-547X .- 0140-6736. ; 392:10159, s. 2091-2138
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Efforts to establish the 2015 baseline and monitor early implementation of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) highlight both great potential for and threats to improving health by 2030. To fully deliver on the SDG aim of “leaving no one behind”, it is increasingly important to examine the health-related SDGs beyond national-level estimates. As part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2017 (GBD 2017), we measured progress on 41 of 52 health-related SDG indicators and estimated the health-related SDG index for 195 countries and territories for the period 1990–2017, projected indicators to 2030, and analysed global attainment. Methods: We measured progress on 41 health-related SDG indicators from 1990 to 2017, an increase of four indicators since GBD 2016 (new indicators were health worker density, sexual violence by non-intimate partners, population census status, and prevalence of physical and sexual violence [reported separately]). We also improved the measurement of several previously reported indicators. We constructed national-level estimates and, for a subset of health-related SDGs, examined indicator-level differences by sex and Socio-demographic Index (SDI) quintile. We also did subnational assessments of performance for selected countries. To construct the health-related SDG index, we transformed the value for each indicator on a scale of 0–100, with 0 as the 2·5th percentile and 100 as the 97·5th percentile of 1000 draws calculated from 1990 to 2030, and took the geometric mean of the scaled indicators by target. To generate projections through 2030, we used a forecasting framework that drew estimates from the broader GBD study and used weighted averages of indicator-specific and country-specific annualised rates of change from 1990 to 2017 to inform future estimates. We assessed attainment of indicators with defined targets in two ways: first, using mean values projected for 2030, and then using the probability of attainment in 2030 calculated from 1000 draws. We also did a global attainment analysis of the feasibility of attaining SDG targets on the basis of past trends. Using 2015 global averages of indicators with defined SDG targets, we calculated the global annualised rates of change required from 2015 to 2030 to meet these targets, and then identified in what percentiles the required global annualised rates of change fell in the distribution of country-level rates of change from 1990 to 2015. We took the mean of these global percentile values across indicators and applied the past rate of change at this mean global percentile to all health-related SDG indicators, irrespective of target definition, to estimate the equivalent 2030 global average value and percentage change from 2015 to 2030 for each indicator. Findings: The global median health-related SDG index in 2017 was 59·4 (IQR 35·4–67·3), ranging from a low of 11·6 (95% uncertainty interval 9·6–14·0) to a high of 84·9 (83·1–86·7). SDG index values in countries assessed at the subnational level varied substantially, particularly in China and India, although scores in Japan and the UK were more homogeneous. Indicators also varied by SDI quintile and sex, with males having worse outcomes than females for non-communicable disease (NCD) mortality, alcohol use, and smoking, among others. Most countries were projected to have a higher health-related SDG index in 2030 than in 2017, while country-level probabilities of attainment by 2030 varied widely by indicator. Under-5 mortality, neonatal mortality, maternal mortality ratio, and malaria indicators had the most countries with at least 95% probability of target attainment. Other indicators, including NCD mortality and suicide mortality, had no countries projected to meet corresponding SDG targets on the basis of projected mean values for 2030 but showed some probability of attainment by 2030. For some indicators, including child malnutrition, several infectious diseases, and most violence measures, the annualised rates of change required to meet SDG targets far exceeded the pace of progress achieved by any country in the recent past. We found that applying the mean global annualised rate of change to indicators without defined targets would equate to about 19% and 22% reductions in global smoking and alcohol consumption, respectively; a 47% decline in adolescent birth rates; and a more than 85% increase in health worker density per 1000 population by 2030. Interpretation: The GBD study offers a unique, robust platform for monitoring the health-related SDGs across demographic and geographic dimensions. Our findings underscore the importance of increased collection and analysis of disaggregated data and highlight where more deliberate design or targeting of interventions could accelerate progress in attaining the SDGs. Current projections show that many health-related SDG indicators, NCDs, NCD-related risks, and violence-related indicators will require a concerted shift away from what might have driven past gains—curative interventions in the case of NCDs—towards multisectoral, prevention-oriented policy action and investments to achieve SDG aims. Notably, several targets, if they are to be met by 2030, demand a pace of progress that no country has achieved in the recent past. The future is fundamentally uncertain, and no model can fully predict what breakthroughs or events might alter the course of the SDGs. What is clear is that our actions—or inaction—today will ultimately dictate how close the world, collectively, can get to leaving no one behind by 2030.
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| 3. |
- Abazov, M, et al.
(författare)
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Evidence of WW and WZ Production with lepton plus jets Final States in pp Collisions at root s=1.96 TeV
- 2009
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 102:16, s. 161801-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present first evidence for WW+WZ production in lepton+jets final states at a hadron collider. The data correspond to 1.07 fb(-1) of integrated luminosity collected with the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron in pp collisions at root s=1.96 TeV. The observed cross section for WW+WZ production is 20.2 +/- 4.5 pb, consistent with the standard model and more precise than previous measurements in fully leptonic final states. The probability that background fluctuations alone produce this excess is < 5.4x10(-6), which corresponds to a significance of 4.4 standard deviations.
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| 4. |
- Abazov, M, et al.
(författare)
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Measurement of B-s(0) Mixing Parameters from the Flavor-Tagged Decay B-s(0)-> J/psi phi
- 2008
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 101:24, s. 241801-:101, s. 241801-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- From an analysis of the flavor-tagged decay B-s(0)-> J/psi phi we obtain the width difference between the B-s(0) light and heavy mass eigenstates, Delta Gamma(s)=0.19 +/- 0.07(stat)(-0.01)(+0.02)(syst) ps(-1), and the CP-violating phase, phi(s)=-0.57(-0.30)(+0.24)(stat)(-0.02)(+0.08)(syst). The allowed 90% CL intervals of Delta Gamma(s) and phi(s) are 0.06
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| 5. |
- Abazov, M, et al.
(författare)
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Measurement of differential Z/gamma* plus jet plus X cross sections in p(p)over-bar collisions at root S=1.96 TeV
- 2008
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Ingår i: Physics Letters B. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693 .- 1873-2445. ; 669:5, s. 278-286
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present new measurements of differential cross sections for Z/gamma* (-> mu mu) + jet + X production in a 1 fb(-1) data sample collected with the DO detector in p (p) over bar collisions at root s = 1.96 TeV. Results include the first measurements differential in the Z/gamma* transverse momentum and rapidity, as well as new measurements differential in the leading jet transverse momentum and rapidity. Next-to-leading order perturbative QCD predictions are compared to the measurements, and reasonable agreement is observed, except in the region of low Z/gamma* transverse momentum. Predictions from two event generators based on matrix elements and parton showers, and one pure parton shower event generator are also compared to the measurements. These show significant overall normalization differences to the data and have varied success in describing the shape of the distributions.
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| 6. |
- Abazov, M, et al.
(författare)
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Measurement of the t(t)over-bar production cross section and top quark mass extraction using dilepton events in p(p)over-bar collisions
- 2009
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Ingår i: Physics Letters B. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693 .- 1873-2445. ; 679:3, s. 177-185
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a measurement of the top quark pair production cross section in p (p) over bar collisions at root s = 1.96 TeV using approximately 1 fb(-1) collected with the DO detector. We consider decay channels containing two high p(T) charged leptons where one lepton is identified as an electron or a muon while the other lepton can be an electron, a muon or a hadronically decaying tau lepton. For a mass of the top quark of 170 GeV, the measured cross section is 7.5(-1.0)(+1.0)(stat)(-0.6)(+0.7)(syst)(-0.5)(+0.6)(lumi) pb. Using l tau events only, we measure: sigma(t (t) over bar) x B(t (t) over bar -> l tau b (b) over bar) = 0.13(-0.08)(+0.09)(stat)(-0.06)(+0.06)(syst)(-0.02)(+0.02)(lumi) pb. Comparing the measured cross section as a function of the mass of the top quark with a partial next-to-next-to leading order Quantum Chroniodynamics theoretical prediction, we extract a mass of the top quark of 171.5(-8.8)(+9-9) GeV, in agreement with direct measurements.
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| 7. |
- Abazov, M, et al.
(författare)
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Relative rates of B meson decays into psi(2S) and J/psi mesons
- 2009
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Ingår i: Physical Review D. - 1550-7998 .- 1550-2368. ; 79, s. 111102-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on a study of the relative rates of B meson decays into psi(2S) and J/psi mesons using 1.3 fb(-1) of p (p) over bar collisions at root s = 1.96 TeV recorded by the D0 detector operating at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. We observe the channels B-s(0) -> psi(2S)phi, B-s(0) -> J/psi phi, B-+/- -> psi(2S)K-+/-, and B-+/- -> J/psi K-+/- and we measure the relative branching fractions for these channels to be B(B-s(0) -> psi(2S)phi)/B(B-s(0) -> J/psi phi)=0.53 +/- 0.10(stat)+/- 0.07(syst)+/- 0.06(B), B(B+ -> psi(2S)K+)/B(B+ -> J/psi K+)=0.63 +/- 0.05(stat)+/- 0.03(syst)+/- 0.07(B), where the final error corresponds to the uncertainty in the J/psi and psi(2S) branching ratio into two muons.
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| 8. |
- Abazov, M, et al.
(författare)
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Search for admixture of scalar top quarks in the t(t)over-bar lepton + jets final state at root s=1.96 TeV
- 2009
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Ingår i: Physics Letters B. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693 .- 1873-2445. ; 674:1, s. 4-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A search for pair production of the lightest supersymmetric partner of the top quark, (t) over tilde (1), is performed in the lepton + jets channel using 0.9 fb(-1) of data collected by the D circle divide experiment. Kinematic differences between (t) over tilde (1)(t) over tilde (1) and the dominant top quark pair production background are used to separate the two processes. First limits from Run II of the Fermilab Tevatron Collider for the scalar top quark decaying to a chargino and a b quark ((t) over tilde1 -> (chi) over tilde (+)(1)b) are obtained for scalar top quark masses of 130-190 GeV and chargino masses of 90-150 GeV.
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| 9. |
- Abazov, M, et al.
(författare)
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Search for Long-Lived Charged Massive Particles with the D0 Detector
- 2009
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 102:16, s. 161802-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We search for long-lived charged massive particles using 1.1 fb(-1) of data collected by the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron pp Collider. Time-of-flight information is used to search for pair produced long-lived tau sleptons, gauginolike charginos, and Higgsino-like charginos. We find no evidence of a signal and set 95% C.L. cross section upper limits for staus, which vary from 0.31 to 0.04 pb for stau masses between 60 and 300 GeV. We also set lower mass limits of 206 GeV (171 GeV) for pair produced charged gauginos (Higgsinos).
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| 10. |
- Abazov, M, et al.
(författare)
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Search for the lightest scalar top quark in events with two leptons in p(p)over-bar collisions at root s=1.96 TeV
- 2009
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Ingår i: Physics Letters B. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693 .- 1873-2445. ; 675:3-4, s. 289-296
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report results of a search for the pair production of the lightest supersymmetric partner of the top quark, (t) over bar (1), using a data set corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1 fb(-1) collected by the D circle divide detector at a p (p) over bar center-of-mass energy of 1.96 TeV at the Fermilab Tevatron collider. Both scalar top quarks are assumed to decay into a b quark, a charged lepton and a scalar neutrino. The search is performed in the electron Plus muon and dielectron final states. The signal topology consists of two isolated leptons, missing transverse energy, and jets. We find no evidence for this process and exclude regions of parameter space in the framework of the minimal supersymmetric standard model.
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