| 1. |
- Blomkvist, Johan, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Communication through Boundary Objects in Distributed Agile Teams
- 2015
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Personal communication between User-Centered Design (UCD) specialists and developers is important for communicating user needs and design solutions in agile development. In distributed projects where opportunities for personal communication are limited, the design documentation is an important surrogate. This study has investigated the perceived effectiveness of boundary objects in a distributed agile team, and their role in communicating target user needs. Six in-depth interviews with UCD specialists showed that the boundary objects rarely communicate underlying needs of the users but rather focus on interaction with the system that is being developed. The used boundary objects also do not work as stand-alone deliverables; they need to be explained and elaborated. Making the boundary objects comprehensive enough to be stand-alone is seen as too time consuming and not worth the effort. For agile projects with distributed teams, this creates hand-over and follow-up problems.
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| 2. |
- Åberg, N David, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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Association Between Levels of Serum Insulin-like Growth Factor I and Functional Recovery, Mortality, and Recurrent Stroke at a 7-year Follow-up.
- 2020
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Ingår i: Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes : official journal, German Society of Endocrinology [and] German Diabetes Association. - : Georg Thieme Verlag KG. - 1439-3646. ; 128:5, s. 303-310
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The association of serum insulin-like growth factor I (s-IGF-I) with favorable outcome after ischemic stroke (IS) beyond 2 years is unknown. We investigated whether the levels of s-IGF-I 3 months post-stroke were associated with functional recovery up to 7 years after IS, considering also mortality and recurrent strokes.Patients (N=324; 65% males; mean age, 55 years) with s-IGF-I levels assessed 3 months after the index IS were included from the Sahlgrenska Academy Study on Ischemic Stroke (SAHLSIS). The modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was used to evaluate outcomes at 3 months, 2 and 7 years after IS, and recovery was defined as an improvement, no change, or deterioration in the shifts of mRS score. Baseline stroke severity was determined using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS).The mRS score distributions were better in the above-median s-IGF-I group (>146.7ng/ml). The s-IGF-I level was not associated with recurrent stroke (N=79) or death (N=44), although it correlated with recovery (r=0.12, P=0.035). In the regression analysis, s-IGF-I associated with recovery between 3 months and 7 years (but not between 2 and 7 years). The associations did not withstand adjustment for age and sex. For comparison, the corresponding associations between 3 months and 2 years withstood all adjustments.The association for s-IGF-I with long-term post-stroke recovery persists after 7 years, which is also reflected in the mRS score distributions at all time-points. The effects are however modest, and not driven by mortality or recurrent stroke.
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| 3. |
- Blomkvist, Johan, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Formative Evaluation of IT-based Services : A Case Study of a Meal Planning Service
- 2014
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Ingår i: Interacting with computers. - : Oxford University Press. - 0953-5438 .- 1873-7951. ; 26:6, s. 540-556
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To evaluate and develop a service supported by an IT (information technology) system the intentionto use the future service should be in focus. The technology acceptance model (TAM) and the theoryof planned behaviour (TPB) can both provide knowledge about users’ intention to use a service,making them good models to base formative decisions on. Unlike TAM, TPB is concerned withspecific information related to the service context, and provide knowledge about what makes ITuseable.We used an adapted version of the TPB as the foundation for a formative service evaluationtechnique called F-SET.We applied the F-SET to a case where two subsequent versions of a serviceprototype were evaluated. The first prototype was a description of the service supported by Hi-Fidesign sketches showing what a web-based meal planning tool could look like. The second prototypeconsisted of both service processes and the web-based meal planning tool.To find relevant factors thatinfluence future use of such a service, a survey of 28 informants was conducted with the first prototype.The second prototype involved five families who used the service for two weeks.The feedback providedby the families, based on the factors identified in the pre-test, influenced the future direction of theservice development. Feedback from the informants was distributed between the service and the ITsystem, and the most common factors that influence the intention to use the service were time, price,usefulness and availability. Feedback included both positive and negative comments, as well as bugsand suggestions for improvements.We discuss potential improvements and what kind of informationto expect from the different constructs of the TPB.
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| 4. |
- Blomkvist, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Service Walkthroughs to Support Service Development
- 2012
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Ingår i: ServDes.2012 Conference Proceedings Co-Creating Services; The 3rd Service Design and Service Innovation Conference. - Espoo, Finland. - 9789175194820 ; , s. 43-52
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Service design is said to be a holistic design approach. This is evident in most service design literature and textbooks but still services are prototyped by focusing on separate parts rather than whole service journeys. In this paper we propose a technique called service walkthrough that can be used to represent whole services. We explore what information can be generated using the technique and how useful it is. We found that the technique helped identify the flow of information, problematic areas, and design opportunities. The prototype was generally well received by the participants. In addition to earning about information, the technique also revealed insights about time and interdependencies of the various parts of the service. Some remarks are also made about when the service walkthrough can be used in the service development process and considerations concerning the fidelity of service walkthroughs.
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| 5. |
- Gadd, Gustaf, et al.
(författare)
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A Nonlinear Relation between Body Mass Index and Long-Term Poststroke Functional Outcome-The Importance of Insulin Resistance, Inflammation, and Insulin-like Growth Factor-Binding Protein-1.
- 2024
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Ingår i: International journal of molecular sciences. - 1661-6596 .- 1422-0067. ; 25:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Both high serum insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (s-IGFBP-1) and insulin resistance (IR) are associated with poor functional outcome poststroke, whereas overweight body mass index (BMI; 25-30) is related to fewer deaths and favorable functional outcome in a phenomenon labeled "the obesity paradox". Furthermore, IGFBP-1 is inversely related to BMI, in contrast to the linear relation between IR and BMI. Here, we investigated s-IGFBP-1 and IR concerning BMI and 7-year poststroke functional outcome. We included 451 stroke patients from the Sahlgrenska Study on Ischemic Stroke (SAHLSIS) with baseline measurements of s-IGFBP1, homeostasis model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR), BMI (categories: normal-weight (8.5-25), overweight (25-30), and obesity (>30)), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) as a measure of general inflammation. Associations with poor functional outcome (modified Rankin scale [mRS] score: 3-6) after 7 years were evaluated using multivariable binary logistic regression, with overweight as reference due to the nonlinear relationship. Both normal-weight (odds-ratio [OR] 2.32, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.30-4.14) and obese (OR 2.25, 95% CI 1.08-4.71) patients had an increased risk of poor functional outcome, driven by deaths only in the normal-weight. In normal-weight, s-IGFBP-1 modestly attenuated (8.3%) this association. In the obese, the association was instead attenuated by HOMA-IR (22.4%) and hs-CRP (10.4%). Thus, a nonlinear relation between BMI and poor 7-year functional outcome was differently attenuated in the normal-weight and the obese.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Lundberg, Olle, et al.
(författare)
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The effect of social protection and income maintenance policies on health and health inequalities
- 2013
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Ingår i: European Journal of Public Health. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1101-1262 .- 1464-360X. ; 23:Suppl. 1
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- BackgroundAs a starting point we review the existing evidence on welfare states, health and health inequalities, from 2005 onwards. Three different approaches emerge in these previous studies – the welfare regime approach, the welfare institutions approach and the social spending approach. While no clear picture emerges for the welfare regime approach, summarising findings regarding the institutional and expenditure approach suggest that a higher degree of generosity and social spending benefits public health. These are therefore approaches we follow to arrive at a better understanding of what type of policies are linked to smaller inequalities in health across the life-course.MethodsA starting point in the analyses is the relation between income, poverty and mortality. The cross-national variation in poverty rates, both absolute (poverty threshold) and relative (60 per cent of median income) measure, and mortality rates in European 26 countries will be considered.The second step in the analysis focuses on the relationship between social rights and subjective health in Europe, with a focus on national variations and changes in social rights to levels and changes in subjective health outcomes across several countries. The data holds information regarding social rights and social expenditure, including individual data from EU-SILC.ResultsPreliminary results indicate that it is the totality of social protection that is important rather than individual policies. A sub-study regarding social rights and health among youth highlight also the importance of active and passive labour market policy in the 16 included countries.ConclusionsIn sum our diverse approach to analysing welfare state efforts and their links to health inequalities suggest that there is a clear relationship between more ambitious policies and smaller inequalities in health. These results are discussed in relation to previous findings.
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| 8. |
- Lunström, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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Perceptions of Software Developers Empathy with Designers
- 2015
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Ingår i: BRITISH HCI 2015. - New York, NY, USA : ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY. - 9781450336437 ; , s. 239-246
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study uses a phenomenological approach to examine software developers empathy with designers, as experienced by interaction designers. The results show many views on developers empathy and on the context of the phenomenon, including that developers tend to think design is unnecessary or a luxury that is not needed in order to create successful products. The development is instead seen as the most important part of the development process, and developers take design decisions on their own, many times based on a limited understanding, or disregard, of the design as a whole. Prototypes, sharing work place, and structured communication is said to improve collaboration. Overall however, the understanding among developers for design work is perceived as low. The Interaction designers have also experienced this lack of understanding at an organizational level.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Walser, Marion, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Different modes of GH administration influence gene expression in the male rat brain
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Endocrinology. - 0022-0795 .- 1479-6805. ; 222:2, s. 181-190
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The endogenous secretion pattern in males of GH is episodic in rats and in humans, whereas GH administration is usually even. Different types of GH administration have different effects on body mass, longitudinal bone growth, and liver metabolism in rodents, whereas possible effects on brain plasticity have not been investigated. In this study, GH was administered as a continuous infusion or as two daily injections in hypophysectomized male rats. Thirteen transcripts previously known to respond to GH in the hippocampus and parietal cortex (cortex) were assessed by RT-PCR. To investigate the effects of type of GH administration on several transcripts with different variations, and categories of transcripts (neuron-, glia-, and GH-related), a mixed model analysis was applied. Accordingly, GH injections increased overall transcript abundance more than GH infusions (21% in the hippocampus, P<0.001 and 10% in the cortex, PZ0.09). Specifically, GH infusions and injections robustly increased neuronal hemoglobin beta (Hbb) expression significantly (1.8- to 3.6-fold), and GH injections were more effective than GH infusions in increasing Hbb in the cortex (41%, PZ0.02), whereas a 23% difference in the hippocampus was not significant. Also cortical connexin 43 was higher in the group with GH injections than in those with GH infusions (26%, P<0.007). Also, there were differences between GH injections and infusions in GH-related transcripts of the cortex (23%, PZ0.04) and glia-related transcripts of the hippocampus (15%, PZ0.02). Thus, with the exception of Hbb there is a moderate difference in responsiveness to different modes of GH administration. © 2014 Society for Endocrinology.
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