| 1. |
- Robertson, Josefina, et al.
(författare)
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BMI in early adulthood is associated with severe COVID-19 later in life: A prospective cohort study of 1.5 million Swedish men
- 2022
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Ingår i: Obesity. - : Wiley. - 1930-7381 .- 1930-739X. ; 30:3, s. 779-787
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Overweight and obesity have been identified as risk factors for severe COVID-19; however, prospective cohort studies investigating the association between overweight early in life and severity of COVID-19 are lacking. Methods: This study included 1,551,670 Swedish men, born between 1950 and 1987, with BMI registered at age 18 years. They were followed until January 9, 2021. COVID-19 cases and comorbidities were identified through the National Patient, Intensive Care, and Cause of Death registries. Outcomes included the following: 1) hospitalization; 2) intensive care unit admission; and 3) death. Results: The study found 4,315 cases (mean age = 56.4 years [SD 8.8]) of patients hospitalized because of COVID-19, of which 729 were admitted to an intensive care unit, and altogether there were 224 deaths. The risk for hospital admission increased with higher values of BMI at age 18 years, despite adjustment for comorbidities, from an odds ratio (OR) of 1.19 (95% CI: 1.08-1.31) at BMI = 22.5 to 25 to an OR of 1.68 (95% CI: 1.39-2.02) at BMI >= 30, compared with BMI = 18.5 to 20. ORs for intensive care unit admission were 1.44 (95% CI: 1.13-1.84) at BMI = 22.5 to 25 and 2.61 (95% CI: 1.73-3.93) at BMI >= 30. Conclusions: Higher BMI in early adulthood was associated with severe COVID-19 many years later, with a risk increase starting already at BMI >= 22.5. This underlines the necessity of preventive actions against overweight in youth to offer protection against coming viral pandemics.
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| 2. |
- Robertson, Josefina, et al.
(författare)
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Body mass index and fitness in late adolescence and risk of cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, and overall death after COVID-19
- 2023
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Ingår i: Obesity Science and Practice. - 2055-2238. ; 10:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Since obesity and poor fitness appear to be unfavorable for both cardiovascular health and coping with viral infections such as COVID-19, they are of specific interest in light of the increased risk of cardiovascular and respiratory events now seen after infection with SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate how body mass index (BMI) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in late adolescence are associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), respiratory disease, and mortality after COVID-19. Methods: In this study, 1.5 million 18-year-old Swedish men with BMI and CRF measured during enlistment for military service 1968–2005 were included. Hospitalized and non-hospitalized COVID-19 cases were identified through the Patient Register or positive polymerase chain reaction tests, and age-matched with non-infected controls. CVD, respiratory disease, and mortality after COVID-19 were divided into <60days, 60-180days, >180days post-infection. Cox regression models were used. Results: Hospitalized COVID-19 cases (n=9839), compared to controls, had >10-fold, 50 to 70-fold, and >70-fold hazards of CVD, respiratory disease, and mortality over the initial 60days post-infection with little variation across BMI or CRF categories. The elevated risks persisted at declining levels >180days. For non-hospitalized COVID-19 cases (n=181,822), there was a 4- to 7-fold increased acute mortality risk, and high CRF was associated with lower risk of post-infectious respiratory disease. Conclusions: The high hazards of adverse outcomes during the first two months after COVID-19 hospitalization, and across BMI and CRF categories, declined rapidly but were still elevated after six months. Adolescent CRF was associated with respiratory disease after COVID-19 without hospitalization, which gives further support to the health benefits of physical activity.
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| 3. |
- Rosengren, Annika, 1951, et al.
(författare)
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COVID-19 in people aged 18–64 in Sweden in the first year of the pandemic: Key factors for severe disease and death
- 2022
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Ingår i: Global Epidemiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 2590-1133. ; 4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Studies on risk factors for severe COVID-19 in people of working age have generally not included non-working persons or established population attributable fractions (PAFs) for occupational and other factors. Objectives: We describe the effect of job-related, sociodemographic, and other exposures on the incidence, relative risks and PAFs of severe COVID-19 in individuals aged 18–64. Methods: We conducted a registry-based study in Swedish citizens aged 18–64 from 1 January 2020 to 1 February 2021 with respect to COVID-19-related hospitalizations and death. Results: Of 6,205,459 persons, 272,043 (7.5%) were registered as infected, 3399 (0.05%) needed intensive care, and 620 (0.01%) died, with an estimated case fatality rate of 0.06% over the last 4-month period when testing was adequate. Non-Nordic origin was associated with a RR for need of intensive care of 3·13, 95%CI 2·91–3·36, and a PAF of 32·2% after adjustment for age, sex, work, region and comorbidities. In a second model with occupation as main exposure, and adjusted for age, sex, region, comorbidities and origin, essential workers had an RR of 1·51, 95%CI, 1·35–1·6, blue-collar workers 1·18, 95%CI 1·06–1·31, school staff 1·21, 95%CI 1·01–1·46, and health and social care workers 1·89, 95%CI 1·67–2·135) compared with people able to work from home, with altogether about 13% of the PAF associated with these occupations. Essential workers and blue-collar workers, but no other job categories had higher risk of death, adjusted RRs of 1·79, 95%CI 1·34–2·38 and 1·37, 95%CI 1·04–1·81, with adjusted PAFs of altogether 9%. Conclusion: Among people of working age in Sweden, overall mortality and case fatality were low. Occupations that require physical presence at work were associated with elevated risk of needing intensive care for COVID-19, with 14% cases attributable to this factor, and 9% of deaths.
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| 4. |
- Rosengren, Annika, 1951, et al.
(författare)
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Severe COVID-19 in people 55 and older during the first year of the pandemic in Sweden
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0954-6820 .- 1365-2796 .- 0955-7873. ; 292:4, s. 641-653
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Exposure to many contacts is the main risk factor for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, while risk of serious disease and death is chiefly determined by old age and comorbidities. Relative and population-attributable fractions (PAFs) of multiple medical and social exposures for COVID-19 outcomes have not been evaluated among older adults. Objectives We describe the effect of multiple exposures on the odds of testing positive for the virus and of severe disease (hospital care or death) and PAFs in Swedish citizens aged 55 years and above. Methods We used national registers to follow all citizens aged 55 years and above with respect to (1) testing positive, (2) hospitalization, and (3) death between 31 January 2020 and 1 February 2021. Results Of 3,410,241 persons, 156,017 (4.6%, mean age 68.3 years) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, while 35,999 (1.1%, mean age 76.7 years) were hospitalized or died (12,384 deaths, 0.4%, mean age 84.0 years). Among the total cohort, the proportion living without home care or long-term care was 98.8% among persons aged 55-64 and 22.1% of those aged 95 and above. After multiple adjustment, home care and long-term care were associated with odds ratios of 7.9 (95% confidence interval [CI] 6.8-9.1) and 22.5 (95% CI 19.6-25.7) for mortality, with PAFs of 21.9% (95% CI 20.9-22.9) and 33.3% (95% CI 32.4-34.3), respectively. Conclusion Among Swedish residents aged 55 years and above, those with home care or long-term care had markedly increased risk for COVID-19 death during the first year of the pandemic, with over 50% of deaths attributable to these factors.
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| 5. |
- Åberg, Martin, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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Historia i Karlstad
- 2023
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Ingår i: Historielärarnas förenings årsskrift. - Stockholm : Historielärarnas förening. ; :1, s. 96-107
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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Företagaren som kulturbärare : Perspektiv på företagarkultur 1800-2000
- 2007
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- 1800-talet och det tidiga 1900-talet omfattade inte bara klassamhällets uppkomst och den moderna demokratins genombrott. Industrialismen födde också en ny medelklass och nya företagargrupper, vilka är ämnet för denna bok. Genom ett antal fallstudier belyser författarna företagandets sociala och kulturella samband i historiskt perspektiv samt växelverkan mellan företagande, kultur och samhälle. I boken behandlas exempelvis 1800-talets entreprenörskapsideal, utbildnings- och genusaspekter på företagande samt företagandets patriarkala relationer och sociala nätverk.
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| 8. |
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Historikern i samhället : Roller och förändringsmönster
- 2021
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Förlagsinformation: I denna antologi diskuteras historikerns yrkesroller i relation till det moderna samhällets förändringar. Vilka övergripande tekniska och kulturella förändringar har bidragit till kretsloppen för historisk kunskap under det sena 1900- och det tidiga 2000-talet? På vilka samverkansytor finner vi idag yrkesverksamma historiker? Hur ser samverkan ut och vem får räkna sig själv som "historiker"? Frågor såsom dessa behandlas här i ett antal initierade, engagerande och bitvis provokativa texter om historikern och hens yrkesroll.
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| 9. |
- Ludvigsson, David, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Introduktion
- 2021. - 1
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Ingår i: Historikern i samhället. - Möklinta : Gidlunds förlag. - 9789178444564 ; , s. 9-20
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Historiker och historievetenskap ses i denna text som samhällsvarelser och yrkesmänniskor som kan och bör fylla en rad funktioner i samhället.
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| 10. |
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