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- Sandblad, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Work environment and computer systems development
- 2003
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Ingår i: Behaviour and Information Technology. - OXON, ENGLAND : Informa UK Limited. - 1362-3001 .- 0144-929X. ; 22:6, s. 375-387
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Work environment and occupational health problems of different nature are constantly increasing in computer supported work. Most efforts to improve the work environment are focused primarily on physical aspects, and to some extent on psychosocial aspects. Mental workload and cognitive problems are of a more complex nature, more difficult to measure and provide efficient solutions to, and are more seldom studied or solved. Solutions to work environment problems are usually applied to already existing work situations through improved equipment and work place design, health programmes, education, reorganizations, etc. The problems are seldom prevented by means of applying relevant methods early in the systems development process, before the artefacts have been designed and implemented. This paper, and the following papers of this special issue, will focus on the need to integrate different interdisciplinary methods at different phases in the development process of computerized support systems, with the ultimate goal to prevent work environment problems and decrease the health risks to the users.
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| 2. |
- Bergman, Peter N., et al.
(författare)
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Do job demands and job control affect problem-solving?
- 2012
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Ingår i: Work. - : IOS Press. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 42:2, s. 195-203:42, s. 195-203
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The Job Demand Control model presents combinations of working conditions that may facilitate learning, the active learning hypothesis, or have detrimental effects on health, the strain hypothesis. To test the active learning hypothesis, this study analysed the effects of job demands and job control on general problem-solving strategies. Participants: A population-based sample of 4,636 individuals (55% women, 45% men) with the same job characteristics measured at two times with a three year time lag was used. Methods: Main effects of demands, skill discretion, task authority and control, and the combined effects of demands and control were analysed in logistic regressions, on four outcomes representing general problem-solving strategies. Results: Those reporting high on skill discretion, task authority and control, as well as those reporting high demand/high control and low demand/high control job characteristics were more likely to state using problem solving strategies. Conclusions: Results suggest that working conditions including high levels of control may affect how individuals cope with problems and that workplace characteristics may affect behaviour in the non-work domain.
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| 3. |
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| 6. |
- Fernström, Elisabeth A.C., et al.
(författare)
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Alterations in shoulder muscle activity due to changes in data entry organisation
- 1999
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Ingår i: International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics. - 0169-8141 .- 1872-8219. ; 23:3, s. 231-240
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the present study was to investigate how changed work organisation and different work tasks influence shoulder muscular load and to quantify the magnitude, duration and frequency of rest periods from shoulder muscular load during a working day. Shoulder muscular load was measured in 22 females working at their data entry workplaces, during a whole working day. The activity from both trapezius muscles was measured with EMG before (1991) and after (1992) a reorganisation programme intended to redistribute repetitive work and provide new work tasks.The change in work organisation did not change the magnitude of muscular load or the duration and frequency of rest periods, but decreased musculoskeletal problems. The subjects' increased desk work involved greater muscular load than the data entry did, but also allowed more movement. The changes in work tasks seemed to be important, although small. In repetitive work, organisational changes aimed at reducing musculoskeletal disorders should focus on providing employees with tasks that afford variation in muscular load. Relevance to industry. The paper discusses the need of physical work task variation in repetitive work in order to minimise the risk of musculoskeletal disorders. It seems more important to vary the tasks than to minimise the shoulder muscular load. Copyright
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Kavathatzopoulos, Iordanis, et al.
(författare)
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Assessing health and moral stress in IT-based work
- 2004
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Health and Moral Stress Questionnaire (HMSQ) was constructed with the aim to assess organizational learning processes and individual skills necessary for the handling of problems connected to five areas of activity: work demands, work task control, support, computer tool use, and ethics. The main hypothesis was that the existence of organizational learning processes and individual skills contributes to lower levels of stress by providing the knowledge needed to solve the problems arising during IT-supported work. The results showed that it is possible to construct a questionnaire to assess organizational learning and personal skills as a factor defining stress level at IT-based work. High levels of reliability were obtained. In accordance to our hypothesis five factors could be discerned as well as an underlying factor representing learning processes and personal skills.
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| 10. |
- Kavathatzopoulos, Iordanis, et al.
(författare)
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Individual learning and organizational change for ethical competence in the use of information technology tools
- 2004
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Ingår i: The ETHICOMP Journal. - 1743-3010. ; 1:1, s. On-line
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Any successful construction, implementation and use of information technology systems require many different things. Satisfaction of economical and technological aspects used to (and still is) in focus, but today other aspects such as ethical issues take a bigger part in the way a system functions. In this paper we focus on ethical competence and discuss a psychological approach on how this competence can be achieved and maintained in a highly changing work environment dominated by the use of IT-tools. Ethical competence is an important emerging factor determining the optimal use of information technology systems, and affecting work environment as well as profits.
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