| 1. |
- Liljeroos, Maria
(author)
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Caring needs in patient-partner dyads affected by heart failure : An evaluation of the long-term effects of a dyadic psycho-educational intervention
- 2017
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Introduction: As medical treatment has improved, patients with heart failure (HF) now live longer and care mostly takes place at home with partners providing the main assistance. Taking care of an ill or disabled individual imposes a well-documented burden on the partner’s healthrelated quality of life. The awareness of partners’ burdensome situation is increasing, but few interventions have targeted the needs of patientpartner dyads with HF. The results have been inconclusive and give no clear guidance on how interventional programmes should be designed to improve both patient and partner outcomes.Aim: The overall aim of this thesis was to evaluate the effects of a psychoeducational intervention delivered to patient-partner dyads with HF during long-term follow-up, and to explore the dyads’ perceived caring needs.Methods: The thesis is based on four papers that used both quantitative and qualitative data. Study I and II used a randomized controlled design with a follow-up assessment after 24 months including 155 patientpartner dyads. The control group received care as usual. The intervention group received care as usual, and in addition they participated in the nurse-led psycho-educational intervention. Data was collected using questionnaires before and 24 months after the intervention, in order to determine the long-term effects on patients and partners regarding health related quality of life, perceived control, symptoms of depression and partners’ caregiver burden (I, II). A conceptual health promotion model inspired the intervention. To describe how the model was applied, a qualitative approach analysing nurses’ documentation of the sessions with 71 dyads in the intervention group (III) was used. Study IV has an explorative design. To further explore the dyads’ perceived caring needs, focus groups interviews with 19 patient-partner dyads with heart failure (IV) were performed.Results: The intervention did not have any significant effect on physical or mental health- related quality of life, depressive symptoms, or perceived control over the heart failure among the dyads (I) or caregiver burden in the partners (II) after 24 months. Furthermore, time to first event did not differ significantly between the dyads in the intervention group and the control group (I, II). As for the partners, both the intervention and control group reported decreased physical health between the baseline assessment and the 24-month follow-up (I). The intervention was composed of three components; 1) cognitive 2) supportive, and 3) behavioural component. The analysis of the nurses’ documentation confirmed the coverage of all the components and the analysis revealed a vide range of caring needs among the dyads (III). The dyads described a need to learn about HF to be able to manage everyday life. Regular outpatient clinic visits and access to telephone support were vital and both the patient and the partner need to be present at the clinic visits. Meeting others who are in the same situation and sharing the burden in nurse-led group sessions was proposed as an opportunity to support each other and others (IV).Conclusions: Over the 24-month follow-up period, the intervention had a neutral effect on health- related quality of life, depressive symptoms and perceived control over the HF among the dyads, and on partners’ caregiver burden. Considering the fact that partners serve as a critical extension of the formal healthcare system, and that both patients and partners ask for more support, it will become crucial to find new ways to support dyads affected by heart failure. This thesis may be viewed as a first step in trying to understand dyads’ perceived caring needs, and it can serve as a guide in clinical work and when designing new dyadic interventions.
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| 2. |
- Lindström, Jonas, 1977-
(author)
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Distribution and Differences : Stratification and the System of Reproduction in a Swedish Peasant Community 1620-1820
- 2008
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This dissertation examines the character, conditions and change of peasant stratification in early modern Sweden. Wherever and whenever one looks, one finds that resources were unevenly spread among peasant households. In the literature, there are different, and conflicting, views compatible with this finding. In order to explain its character, this study places peasant stratification into a broader system of resource reproduction. Resource holding, families, and individuals are studied over time.The study is based on an extended family reconstitution comprising the landholding peasants in the Mid-Swedish parish of Björskog between 1620 and 1820. Data has been compiled from cadastres, poll tax registers, parish registers, court records, and maps, and has then been related to the information on resource holding as given by tax lists and probate inventories.Six elements and three general principles are identified as fundamental to systems of resource reproduction among peasants. Starting from these, the book argues that the resource holding of a Swedish peasant household was relatively independent of family demography; that wealthy peasants were able to retain large surpluses even during the period of high rent pressure in the seventeenth century; that the reproduction of poorer peasant households was imperfect whereas the reproduction of wealthier households was extended; that wealthy peasants dominated the local community; that economic inequalities within the class of landed peasants did not increase during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries; that land accumulation and cyclical mobility became important features of peasant society, but not until the decades around 1800: and that the peasant community was characterized by a large degree of geographical and downward social mobility.
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| 3. |
- Enefalk, Hanna, 1976-
(author)
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En patriotisk drömvärld : Musik, nationalism och genus under det långa 1800-talet
- 2008
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The subject of this thesis is Scandinavian nationalism from the late 18th century to ca 1920. The focus lies on that particular aspect of nationalism that was at the same time the most mundane and the most enigmatic: the ever-present depicting of the nation in words, pictures and music, which in effect created a parallel universe, a patriotic dreamland. This creation was highly gendered, and the media in which it flourished most abundantly was the patriotic song. The study therefore uses song texts as its primary source material and builds upon the theoretical foundations laid by, e.g., Joan Scott and Michael Billig.Geographically, the investigation centers on Sweden, using Norway and Swedish-speaking Finland as objects of comparison. The main producers of the lyrics and their intended target groups are identified, and an in-depth analysis of a large corpus of songs is made.The main conclusion is that the patriotic songs, in spite of spreading to an ever increasing proportion of the population, were not an expression of the ‘voice of the people’ or even that of the bourgeoisie as a whole. The texts were chiefly written by male academics, and from their formative years during the Napoleonic wars the songs preserved an obsession with a warlike unmarried manhood. Only in the last decades of the period were civilian virtues and national womanhood slightly more emphasized. It is suggested that the songs, apart from being an expression of what Billig has termed ‘banal nationalism,’ also functioned as a bastion of a ‘banal androcentrism.’The thesis shows that the patriotic dreamland of the patriotic songs was designed in a way that promoted the interests of its producers and reproducers. The seemingly semi-autonomous quality of the discourse is also discussed, employing meme theory as used by, e.g., Daniel Dennett.
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| 4. |
- Hallenberg, Mats
(author)
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Kungen, fogdarna och riket : Lokalförvaltning och statsbyggande under tidig Vasatid
- 2001
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The growth of the 16th century Swedish state is studied through the local organization created by Gustavus Vasa. The state is viewed as an organization, a collective agent, which may function as a formidable instrument of power for those who can control it. The inspiration comes from Max Weber as well as theories on how modern firms come to exist and expand their activities.The main issue is to explain why Gustavus Vasa and his successors created a wide-embracing local organization run by the state. In most parts of Europe, the princes tried to strengthen their positions by acting through noble officials on the provincial level. In Sweden royal bailiffs took over the responsibility for the tax collection in the entire realm. These bailiffs were the only intermediates between the king and his subjects. This flat, non-hierarchical structure meant that the Swedish nobility in effect was left outside the royal administration.In the first years of the reign of Gustavus Vasa mobilization of political support was given top priority, as the new regime needed to establish its legitimacy. The civil administration also performed important military functions. In the years around 1540, the local organization co-operated with the district courts in compiling records on the tax-base of the realm. As the political situation stabilized, and the central government gained access to information on local resources, the state expanded its activities into new areas. Under the entrepreneurial leadership of Gustavus Vasa the bailiffs took over operations that had previously been performed within civil society. As a result, the local administration had to grow. After 1560 this expansion stopped, and the state administration instead became more differentiated. But the local bargaining between bailiffs and peasantry was still of great importance. It added an important dimension of flexibility to the system.This study also addresses the relationship between the royal bailiffs and the peasantry. The bailiffs often used harsh methods, but peasants' complaints could prove worth while, and there was room for acting out conflicts within the system. From the reign of Gustavus Vasa, a line of communication was opened between king and peasants, which helped increase the legitimacy of state government while at the same time securing access to first-hand information about local circumstances. The Swedish state thus was able to mobilize resources and political support for its activities on a lower level in society than most of its competitors could. The significance of this state building in local society is strongly emphasized in this dissertation.
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| 5. |
- Hinnemo, Elin, 1982-
(author)
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Inför högsta instans : Samspelet mellan kvinnors handlingsutrymme och rättslig reglering i Justitierevisionen 1760–1860
- 2016
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The aim of this dissertation is to illuminate the interplay between female agency and legal regulation in Sweden during the period 1760-1860. The material chosen for the study relates to matters concerning women that were brought before the Judiciary Inspection, the highest legal authority in Sweden. From its central position in the state hierarchy, this court was an arena in which the central power could identify and find solutions to problems important for the stability and development of society.The study identifies issues that encouraged women to bring proceedings before the court, or prompted other parties to bring women to court. The dissertation has analysed the actions taken and arguments made in these cases by women, their counterparts, and court representatives, in relation to the regulations or the absence of regulations in each particular situation. This has shown the room for manoeuvre that could be achieved, and how the women could achieve it – in terms of right to manage property, economic agency and debt responsibility, finding ways to support themselves and their families, or affirming their positions as mothers and mistresses of households. In this way, the dissertation illuminates the freedom of agency in practice that has often been seen as contradictory in a strictly patriarchal society like early modern Sweden.The dissertation also traces some important changes over time, including the increasingly diverse class background of litigants over the period in question, shifts in understandings of property, work, family, and the meaning of legal majority. The central diachronic claims are firstly that the legal system shifted over time from one primarily based upon status, circumstance, and local opinion to one based on formalized understanding of the law founded upon contract and clear legal definitions, and that this had important implications for women’s room for manoeuvre in the courts and in society. Secondly, that the negotiation process contributed to historical change by forcing solutions to contradictions and specifying terms of property ownership and legal majority.
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| 6. |
- Garcia, Maria-José
(author)
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Engineering rubber bushing stiffness formulas including dynamic amplitude dependence
- 2006
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Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Engineering design models for the torsion and axial dynamic stiffness of carbon black filled rubber bushings in the frequency domain including amplitude dependence are presented. They are founded on a developed material model which is the result of applying a separable elastic, viscoelastic and friction rubber component model to the material level. Moreover, the rubber model is applied to equivalent strains of the strain states inside the torsion or axial deformed bushing previously obtained by the classical linear theory of elasticity, thus yielding equivalent shear moduli which are inserted into analytical formulas for the stiffness. Therefore, unlike other simplified approaches, this procedure includes the Fletcher-Gent effect inside the bushing due to non-homogeneous strain states. The models are implemented in Matlab®. In addition, an experimental verification is carried out on a commercially available bushing thus confirming the accuracy of these models which become a fast engineering tool to design the most suitable rubber bushing to fulfil user requirements. Finally, they can be easily employed in multi-body and finite element simulations
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| 7. |
- Israelsson, Jezzica, 1982-
(author)
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Making themselves heard : Women’s and men’s voice through the regional petitioning process in Sweden, 1758–1880
- 2024
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, thousands of women and men contacted the Governor’s Administration of Västmanland (Länsstyrelsen i Västmanlands län), handing in petitions concerning a wide range of matters. This thesis studies these cases to deepen our understanding of women's and men's ability and need to make themselves heard through the regional petitioning process. It also elucidates how this practice was intertwined with people's endeavours to make a living by focusing on the participation’s connection to resources. By studying petition registers and a corpus of nearly 3,000 surviving petition files, it contributes to existing scholarship in three important ways.First, the thesis introduces an extended theoretical conceptualisation of the regional petitioning process, where the relationship between petitioner and respondent is integral to the petitioning itself. This inclusion shows that the commonest reason why people needed to make themselves heard, thus establishing a relationship with the governor and his administration in the first place, was because of interactions and conflicts with other people over some resource, primarily credit, land or working roles. Everyday interactions led people to use the regional administration in legally regulated disputes, which ultimately had political implications. Second, by comparing the participation of women and men as well as that of labouring people to other groups, the thesis sheds light on how the ability and need to make yourself heard varied with gender, marital status and socioeconomic status. To participate in this manner was expensive, which undoubtedly affected poor people’s ability to do so. Nevertheless, we find people from the lowest rungs of society who vehemently protected their rights, sometimes as petitioners but more often as respondents. Women's participation at the administration, as in almost all official contexts at this time, was lower than men’s, sometimes only a fraction. Despite their low levels of participation, it nevertheless took many forms, a variety that continued into the nineteenth century.Third, the investigation studies how the ways people made themselves heard through the regional petitioning process evolved over time, making it one of few Swedish studies of petitioners and respondents beyond the beginning of the nineteenth century. Its temporal setting has yielded previously unknown insights into how the development of voice through the petitioning process was connected to administrative bureaucratisation, aspects of the judicial revolution, the gradual but non-linear disappearance of household culture and the emergence of a civil citizen.
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| 8. |
- Johnsson, Theresa, 1969-
(author)
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Vårt fredliga samhälle : ”Lösdriveri” och försvarslöshet i Sverige under 1830-talet
- 2016
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Between 1664 and 1885 labour in Sweden was regulated by compulsory-service statutes. Able-bodied but idle persons could be compelled to submit to employment as a servant. Compulsory service was part of a larger system of laws and regulations that regulated mobility, settlement, begging, and poor relief, all of which aimed at restricting the labouring poor’s freedom and agency. Some parts of this system had medieval roots, such as vagrancy laws. From the perspective of the propertied classes, this system of interacting regulations served several purposes, such as fighting idleness, labour shortage, high wages, begging, demands for poor relief, unwanted settlement in the parishes, and geographical movement. The obligation to serve was abolished in 1885. Failure to comply with these service statutes was punishable by being treated as a ‘vagrant’, which could mean being jailed in a house of correction, or simply being ordered to find employment within a specific time. In short, it was illegal to be without work or other means of supporting oneself, such as property.The purpose of this thesis is to analyse the social practices of the compulsory-service statutes and related issues such as mobility and settlement. The thesis has dealt with four areas of inquiry: the judicial framework, the policing of ‘vagrancy’, in what situations people were exempt from having to comply with the compulsory service statues, and the identity of the ‘vagrant’. The system for dealing with ‘vagrancy’ has left a large number of sources, and different sources give different images of the poor. This applies most clearly in the case of the Swedish Romani population, the Resande. The thesis deals with the county (län) of Västmanland during the 1830s. It highlights how the compulsory-service statutes and related vagrancy laws shaped the lives of people and points to how these institutions restricted poor people’s agency and formed their experiences.
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| 9. |
- Liljeroos, Maria, et al.
(author)
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Dialogues between nurses, patients with heart failure and their partners during a dyadic psychoeducational intervention : a qualitative study
- 2017
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In: BMJ Open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 7:12
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives: To describe nurses’ documentation of the content in a psychoeducational intervention inspired by Stuifbergen’s model addressing cognitive, supportive and behavioural needs of patient–partner dyads affected by heart failure.Design: A descriptive qualitative design was used analysing nurses’ documentation in a dialogue guide based on a health promotion model.Settings: The dialogue guide was used during three nurse-led sessions at two heart failure clinics in Sweden with patients affected with heart failure and their partners during the years 2005–2008.Participants: The dialogue guides from 71 patient–partner dyads were analysed using direct deductive content analyses. Patients’ mean age was 69 years and 31% were female, partners’ mean age was 67 years and 69% were female.Results: The findings supported the conceptual health promotion model and identified barriers, recourses and self-efficacy described by the dyads within each category.Conclusion: The dyads described that during the sessions, they had gained enhanced knowledge and greater confidence to handle their life situation and expressed that they needed psychoeducational support during the whole illness trajectory. The results may guide and help to improve content and quality when caring for patients affected with heart failure and their partners and also when designing new interventions.Trial registration number: NCT02398799; Post-results.
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| 10. |
- Luttik, Maria, et al.
(author)
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Attitudes of nurses towards family involvement in the care for patients with cardiovascular diseases
- 2017
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In: European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. - : Sage Publications. - 1474-5151 .- 1873-1953. ; 16:4, s. 299-308
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: There is increasing evidence supporting the relationship between family support and patient outcomes. Therefore, involving families in the care of cardiovascular patients is expected to be beneficial for patients. The quality of the encounter with families highly depends on the attitudes of nurses towards the importance of families in patient care.AIM: The aim of this study was to describe the attitudes of nurses towards family involvement in patient care and to investigate the individual contributions of demographic, professional and regional background characteristics.METHOD: A survey was distributed among cardiovascular nurses attending an international conference in Norway and a national conference in Belgium. Nurses were asked to complete a questionnaire, including the Families' Importance in Nursing Care - Nurses' Attitudes scale. The study population consisted of respondents from Belgium (n = 348) and from Scandinavian countries (Norway, Sweden and Denmark; n = 77).RESULTS: In general, nurses viewed the family as important in care. However, attitudes towards actively inviting families to take part in patient care were less positive. Higher educational level and a main practice role in research, education or management were significantly associated with more positive attitudes. Furthermore, the attitudes of respondents living in Scandinavia were more positive as compared to the attitudes of respondents living in Belgium.CONCLUSION: Education on the importance of families and active family involvement in patient care seems to be necessary in basic, undergraduate education, but also in clinical practice. More research is necessary in order to explore the cultural and regional differences in the attitudes of nurses towards the involvement of families in patient care.
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