| 1. |
- Ångström, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Regaining Strategy : Small Powers, Strategic Culture, and Escalation in Afghanistan
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Strategic Studies. - Abingdon, Oxon : Informa UK Limited. - 0140-2390 .- 1743-937X. ; 35:5, s. 663-687
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In Western operations in Afghanistan, small European powers escalate in different ways. While Denmark and the Netherlands have contributed to Western escalation through integration with British and US forces, Norway and Sweden have done so by creating a division of labour allowing US and British combat forces to concentrate their efforts in the south. These variations in strategic behaviour suggest that the strategic choice of small powers is more diversified than usually assumed. We argue that strategic culture can explain the variation in strategic behaviour of the small allies in Afghanistan. In particular, Dutch and Danish internationalism have reconciled the use of force in the national and international domains, while in Sweden and Norway there is still a sharp distinction between national interest and humanitarianism.
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| 2. |
- Agrell, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Control of HCCI During Engine Transients by aid of Variable Valve Timings Through the use of Model Based Non-Linear Compensation
- 2005
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Ingår i: SAE transactions. - 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States : SAE International. - 0096-736X. ; 114:3, s. 296-310
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One of the main challenges with the Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition, HCCI, combustion system is to control the Start Of Combustion, SOC, for varying load and external conditions. A method to achieve this on a cycle-by-cycle basis is to vary the valve timing based on a feedback signal from the SOC of previous cycles. The control can be achieved with two basic valve-timing strategies named the Overlap- and the IVC-method. The Overlap-method works by trapping of residuals while the IVC-method affects the effective compression ratio. In an earlier paper it has been shown that if the two methods are incorporated into one controller, SOC can be controlled in a relatively large operating window although the transient performance was not sufficient. The reason is that the simple PI-controller cannot be made fast enough to cope with the transients without magnifying the cycle-to-cycle variations of the combustion into instability. In this work a model based control system that features a non-linear compensation, based on the inverse of the non-linear function from valve timings to ignition delay, is suggested and evaluated. The results show good transient performance. Control performance from engine tests is reported. A combined engine and control simulation system is used for the development of the control strategies. The simulations are accomplished with a commercial cycle simulation code linked with a commercial control simulation code. The simulations are iteratively verified against engine test data. Engine tests are conducted on a single cylinder engine equipped with a hydraulic valve system.
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| 6. |
- Agrell, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Transient Control of HCCI Through Combined Intake and Exhaust Valve Actuation
- 2003
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition, HCCI, has the attractive feature of low particulate emission and low Nitrogen Oxides, NOx, emission combined with high efficiency. The principle is a combination of an Otto and a Diesel engine in that a premixed charge is ignited by the compression heat.
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| 7. |
- Axelsson, Jörgen, et al.
(författare)
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Strategisk teoris bidrag till förståelse av svensk säkerhets- och försvarspolitik
- 2016
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Ingår i: Statsvetenskaplig Tidskrift. - 0039-0747. ; 118:4, s. 445-470
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- What is the added value of strategic theory in the understanding of Swedish securityand defence policies? By introducing a series of concepts that identify policiesthat are pursued in both peace and war such as escalation, deterrence, andweapons acquisition, we argue that strategic concepts contribute to the analysisof Swedish security policy mainly by highlighting forms of policy that do not conceptuallyrest upon the dichotomy of war and peace. Differently from mainstreamscholarly analysis that treats deterrence as one, uniform concept, we differentiatebetween four different logics of deterrence. Using this conceptual tool, we analyseSwedish policies in the 1950s and 2010s and discover that although Sweden pursueddeterrence during both this periods, her policies depend on a different logic. Bycomparison, 1950s Sweden understood to pursue deterrence understood as a wall,while 2010s Sweden understands the term in terms of a shield.
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| 8. |
- Diswall, Mette, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Studies on glycolipid antigens in small intestine and pancreas from alpha1,3-galactosyltransferase knockout miniature swine.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Transplantation. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0041-1337. ; 84:10, s. 1348-56
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: To avoid hyperacute rejection of xeno-organs, alpha1,3-galactosyltransferase knockout (GalT-KO) pigs have been produced. Galalpha1,3Gal determinant elimination may expose cryptic carbohydrate antigens and/or generate new antigens. This is the first biochemical study of carbohydrate antigens in GalT-KO pig organs. METHODS: Neutral and acidic glycolipids were isolated from small intestine and pancreas of two GalT-KO and one wild-type (WT) pig. Glycolipid immune reactivity was tested on thin-layer chromatograms. Small intestine neutral glycolipids were separated by high-performance liquid chromatography and selected fractions were analyzed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Total gangliosides were quantified on thin-layer chromatograms and in microtiter wells. RESULTS: Using Galalpha1,3nLc4 glycolipid reference, total Galalpha1,3Gal glycolipid antigens in the WT animal was estimated at about 30 microg (small intestine) and 3 microg (pancreas) per gram of dry tissue. Galalpha1,3Gal determinants were not detected in GalT-KO tissues at a detection limit of less than 0.25% (small intestine) and 0.5% (pancreas) of the WT tissues. Isoglobotriaosylceramide (iGb3) was absent but trace amounts of Fuc-iGb3 was found in both GalT-KO and WT pig small intestine. Blood group H type 2 core saccharide compounds were increased in GalT-KO pancreas. Total amount of gangliosides was decreased in GalT-KO tissues. The alpha1,3-galactosyltransferase acceptor, N-acetyllactosamine determinant, was not increased in GalT-KO tissues. Human serum antibodies reacted with WT organ Galalpha1,3Gal antigens and gangliosides, of which the ganglioside reactivity remained in GalT-KO tissues. CONCLUSIONS: Knockout of porcine alpha1,3-galactosyltransferase gene results in elimination of Galalpha1,3Gal-terminated glycolipid compounds. GalT-KO genetic modification did not produce new compensatory glycolipid compounds reactive with human serum antibodies.
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| 9. |
- Egnell, Robert, Professor, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Afghanistan : Krig utan slut?
- 2017. - 2
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Ingår i: Om Krig och Fred. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144115740 ; , s. 153-172
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 10. |
- Egnell, Robert, et al.
(författare)
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Afghanistans trettioåriga krig
- 2012. - 1
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Ingår i: Om krig och fred. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144075587 ; , s. 129-143
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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