| 1. |
- Navarese, Eliano P, et al.
(författare)
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The spoils of war and the long-term spoiling of health conditions of entire nations.
- 2022
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Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-1484 .- 0021-9150. ; 352:July 2022, s. 76-79
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The healthcare system of Ukraine was already suffering from several shortfalls before February 2022, but the war of aggression started by the Russian leadership is poised to inflict a further severe blow that will have long-lasting consequences for the health of all Ukrainians. In pre-war Ukraine, noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) contributed to 91% of deaths, especially cardiovascular diseases (67%). Ukrainians have a high prevalence of risk factors for NCDs ranking among the highest levels reported by the World Health Organization (WHO) in the European (EU) Region. Cardiovascular disease is one of the key health risks for the conflict-affected Ukrainian population due to significant limitations in access to health care and interruptions in the supply of medicines and resources. The excess mortality observed during the COVID-19 pandemic, due to a combination of viral illness and chronic disease states, is bound to increase exponentially from poorly treated NCDs. In this report, we discuss the impact of the war on the public health of Ukraine and potential interventions to provide remote health assistance to the Ukrainian population.
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| 2. |
- Pedrelli, M., et al.
(författare)
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Athero-protective properties of plasma lipoproteins from brown bears (URSUS ARCTOS) during hibernation and active state
- 2020
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Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier. - 0021-9150 .- 1879-1484. ; 315, s. E69-E70
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background and Aims: Plasma cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels are twice as high in hibernating brown bears (Ursus arctos) than in healthy humans. Yet, bears display no signs of atherosclerosis. To explore this apparent paradox, lipoprotein structure and function of brown bears were analyzed and compared with those of healthy humans.Methods: Blood from the same wild free-ranging Swedish brown bears (n=10) was drawn during hibernation (winter) and active state (summer). Plasma lipoproteins were separated by size exclusion chromatography, ultracentrifugation and gel-electrophoresis. LDL binding to arterial proteoglycans (PGs) was measured. Data are presented as median (10th - 90th percentile).Results: During hibernation bear LDL carried 4.6 (2.3-5.9) mmol/L cholesterol esters (CE), 1.5 (1.1-2.4) mmol/L unesterified (UC), 3.7 (2.1-4.9) mmol/L TG and 2.5 (1.8-3.4) mmol/L phospholipid (PL). Human LDL were smaller than bear LDL, which were proportionally richer in TG (winter 31 (26-33)%, summer 30 (22-40)%vs human 9% (7-15); p<0.001) and had less CE (winter 36 (26-45)%, summer 25 (21-37)%vs human 48 (46-55)%; p<0.01)). Bear LDL were less positively charged and showed a pre-ß motility on agarose gel. Thus, bear LDL had about 10 times lower binding to PGs than human LDL.Conclusions: Despite high TC and TG levels, bear lipoproteins were less atherogenic than the human analogues. This was due to low LDL affinity for PGs, secondary to increased TG and PL, and to low positive charge. Our study provides further mechanistic insights for the atherosclerosis development, which is driven by the circulating lipoprotein composition and functions rather than plasma absolute lipid levels.
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| 3. |
- Ruuth, Maija, et al.
(författare)
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Overfeeding Saturated Fat Increases LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein) Aggregation Susceptibility While Overfeeding Unsaturated Fat Decreases Proteoglycan-Binding of Lipoproteins
- 2021
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Ingår i: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1079-5642 .- 1524-4636. ; 41:11, s. 2823-2836
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: We recently showed that measurement of the susceptibility of LDL (low-density lipoprotein) to aggregation is an independent predictor of cardiovascular events. We now wished to compare effects of overfeeding different dietary macronutrients on LDL aggregation, proteoglycan-binding of plasma lipoproteins, and on the concentration of oxidized LDL in plasma, 3 in vitro parameters consistent with increased atherogenicity.Approach and Results: The participants (36 subjects; age, 48±10 years; body mass index, 30.9±6.2 kg/m2) were randomized to consume an extra 1000 kcal/day of either unsaturated fat, saturated fat, or simple sugars (CARB) for 3 weeks. We measured plasma proatherogenic properties (susceptibility of LDL to aggregation, proteoglycan-binding, oxidized LDL) and concentrations and composition of plasma lipoproteins using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and in LDL using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, before and after the overfeeding diets. LDL aggregation increased in the saturated fat but not the other groups. This change was associated with increased sphingolipid and saturated triacylglycerols in LDL and in plasma and reduction of clusterin on LDL particles. Proteoglycan binding of plasma lipoproteins decreased in the unsaturated fat group relative to the baseline diet. Lipoprotein properties remained unchanged in the CARB group.CONCLUSIONS: The type of fat during 3 weeks of overfeeding is an important determinant of the characteristics and functional properties of plasma lipoproteins in humans.REGISTRATION: URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier NCT02133144.
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