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| 2. |
- Almgren, Nina, 1970-
(författare)
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Kvinnorörelsen och efterkrigsplaneringen : statsfeminism i svensk arbetsmarknadspolitik under och kort efter andra världskriget
- 2006
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis has analysed the relations among the women’s movement, the state and the labour market policy during and shortly after the Second World War and to what extent this period can be characterised as a formative phase as regards gender relations. The aim has been to study women’s strategic actions in order to influence the Swedish Government’s labour market policy in the period from 1939 to 1947. The thesis shows the conflicts of interest that manifested themselves between Statens arbetsmarknadskommission (SAK, ‘the National Swedish Labour Market Commission’) and its advisory women’s group, experts on women’s issues, concerning the planning and utilisation of female labour. SAK thought that the work of the experts on female issues should only focus on the short-term labour problems caused by the national crisis situation, while the experts on women’s issues were of the opinion that they should also work with long-term labour-market issues for women. These different ways of thinking and understanding the problem originated in different views on women’s work. The experts on women’s issues wanted to strengthen women’s position on the labour market by abolishing the wage differences between the genders, breaking the gender segregation in education, and broadening the occupational choices of girls. They had three strategies for achieving this: a strategy of professionalisation, a strategy of change, and a strategy of state feminism. The strategy of professionalisation was aimed at raising the value of traditional female work, in terms of both status and wages. The strategy of change was aimed at creating new opportunities for women to leave typical low-wage jobs and gain access to better paid jobs in male-dominated areas. The strategy of state feminism was aimed at paving the way for women in new and expanding occupational areas beside the traditional male occupations. Can the period during and shortly after the war be characterised as a formative phase of the issue of gender relations? It is evident that this period did not involve a revolution of the societal gender order. The idea of women as reserve labour did not disappear. The post-war planners considered that, in the transition to peace, the women who had replaced men who were called up should be redeployed or retrained for employment in household work, in hotels, restaurants and cafés, in shops and in health care. In spite of the great shortage of labour in the post-war period, leading politicians and economists stuck to old ways of thinking. A clear indication on the part of the Government was that the women’s movement’s demand for long-term planning in order to utilise female labour was turned down. One important difference from the First World War was that the Government produced peace plans for women’s work during the Second World War. The period also led to ideological and institutional consequences that could be the beginning of a change of the societal gender order. From her central position in Kommissionen för ekonomisk efterkrigsplanering (‘the Commission for economic post-war planning’), Karin Kock could see to it that women’s demands for greater occupational mobility and a loosening up of the gender division of labour had an impact on the post-war planning of the war years. The experiences of women in male industries in the Second World War, both in Sweden and abroad, showed to some extent that it was possible to change the gender division of labour. The modern welfare state also came to correspond to a great extent to the state feminist strategy of the experts on women’s issues. With the historical formation of the welfare state a new type of occupational groups developed, the so-called welfare state professionals.
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- Ambrosini, Valentina, et al.
(författare)
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Consensus on molecular imaging and theranostics in neuroendocrine neoplasms
- 2021
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cancer. - : Elsevier. - 0959-8049 .- 1879-0852. ; 146, s. 56-73
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nuclear medicine plays an increasingly important role in the management neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN). Somatostatin analogue (SSA)-based positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) have been used in clinical trials and approved by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) and the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM) Focus 3 performed a multidisciplinary Delphi process to deliver a balanced perspective on molecular imaging and radionuclide therapy in well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumours (NETs). NETs form in cells that interact with the nervous system or in glands that produce hormones. These cells, called neuroendocrine cells, can be found throughout the body, but NETs are most often found in the abdomen, especially in the gastrointestinal tract. These tumours may also be found in the lungs, pancreas and adrenal glands. In addition to being rare, NETs are also complex and may be difficult to diagnose. Most NETs are non-functioning; however, a minority present with symptoms related to hypersecretion of bioactive compounds. NETs often do not cause symptoms early in the disease process. When diagnosed, substantial number of patients are already found to have metastatic disease. Several societies' guidelines address Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) management; however, many issues are still debated, due to both the difficulty in acquiring strong clinical evidence in a rare and heterogeneous disease and the different availability of diagnostic and therapeutic options across countries. EANM Focus 3 reached consensus on employing 68gallium-labelled somatostatin analogue ([68Ga]Ga-DOTA-SSA)-based PET/CT with diagnostic CT or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for unknown primary NET detection, metastatic NET, NET staging/restaging, suspected extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma and suspected paraganglioma. Consensus was reached on employing 18fluorine-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) PET/CT in neuroendocrine carcinoma, G3 NET and in G1-2 NET with mismatched lesions (CT-positive/[68Ga]Ga-DOTA-SSA-negative). Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) was recommended for second line treatment for gastrointestinal NET with [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-SSA uptake in all lesions, in G1/G2 NET at disease progression, and in a subset of G3 NET provided all lesions are positive at [18F]FDG and [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-SSA. PRRT rechallenge may be used for in patients with stable disease for at least 1 year after therapy completion. An international consensus is not only a prelude to a more standardised management across countries but also serves as a guide for the direction to follow when designing new research studies.
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| 4. |
- Biltekin, Nevra, 1982-
(författare)
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Servants of Diplomacy : The Making of Swedish Diplomats, 1905-1995
- 2016
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- From the dissolution of Sweden’s Union with Norway in 1905 until the country’s membership in the European Union in 1995, diplomats in Sweden underwent a number of reforms that aimed to create a professionally recruited and capable cadre of civil servants, serving Swedish diplomacy. The purpose of the dissertation is to analyze the shaping of Swedish diplomats in the twentieth century.Empirically the analysis focuses on how the Swedish state envisioned diplomats to be, how applicants in practice were recruited and trained by the Swedish Ministry for Foreign Affairs, and how the diplomats themselves presented their positions. By studying government commission reports, statutes issued on the admission of diplomats, material relating to their recruitment and training archived by the MFA, and diplomatic memoirs, this study analyzes the ways in which this group was in constant conversation with the changing world around them. Theoretically, the dissertation takes its point of departure in Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of the state, adopting the concepts of capital, consecration, the bureaucratic field, habitus and doxa in an analytical approach.The study contributes to four research gaps. First, it sheds new light on how a career in diplomacy was reshaped considering domestic and international developments in the twentieth century. Second, it demonstrates how visions expressed and routines adopted benefitted men from the upper ranks of society, and it also shows how these structural conditions changed over time. Third, the study explores how the competences and skills of diplomats mainly relied on generalist skills that related to both diplomacy and bureaucracy. Fourth, the dissertation demonstrates how publishing memoirs became an increasingly valuable means for the diplomats to present themselves, individually and collectively, and to display their lives and careers to a wider readership.
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- Björklund Boistrup, Lisa, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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Matematikens fem förmågor och huvudräkning : aktionsforskning om bedömning i matematik i Linköping HT 2013
- 2015
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna rapport handlar om ett forskningsprojekt där fyra speciallärare i matematik tillsammans med forskare undersökte hur vi kan stötta elevers lärande i matematikens fem förmågor när undervisningsinnehållet är huvudräkning Projektet genomfördes i årskurs 3 och årskurs 9. Vi känner oss säkra på att ni matematiklärare som vill läsa och reflektera om just detta kan ha stor nytta av rapporten som framför allt fokuserar det vardagliga arbetet i matematik.
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| 7. |
- Bodei, Lisa, et al.
(författare)
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Molecular profiling of neuroendocrine tumours to predict response and toxicity to peptide receptor radionuclide therapy
- 2020
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Ingår i: The Lancet Oncology. - : Elsevier. - 1470-2045 .- 1474-5488. ; 21:9, s. E431-E443
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) is a type of radiotherapy that targets peptide receptors and is typically used for neuroendocrine tumours (NETs). Some of the key challenges in its use are the prediction of efficacy and toxicity, patient selection, and response optimisation. In this Review, we assess current knowledge on the molecular profile of NETs and the strategies and tools used to predict, monitor, and assess the toxicity of PRRT. The few mutations in tumour genes that can be evaluated (eg, ATM and DAXX) are limited to pancreatic NETs and are most likely not informative. Assays that are transcriptomic or based on genes are effective in the prediction of radiotherapy response in other cancers. A blood-based assay for eight genes (the PRRT prediction quotient [PPQ]) has an overall accuracy of 95% for predicting responses to PRRT in NETs. No molecular markers exist that can predict the toxicity of PRRT. Candidate molecular targets include seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are susceptible to radiation. Transcriptomic evaluations of blood and a combination of gene expression and specific SNPs, assessed by machine learning with algorithms that are tumour-specific, might yield molecular tools to enhance the efficacy and safety of PRRT.
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| 10. |
- Burström, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Equitable child health interventions : the impact of improved water and sanitation oninequalities in child mortality in Stockholm at the turn of the 19th century
- 2005
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Ingår i: American Journal of Public Health. - 0090-0036 .- 1541-0048. ; 95:2, s. 208-216
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Today, many of the 10 million childhood deaths each year are caused by diseases of poverty—diarrhea and pneumonia, for example, which were previously major causes of childhood death in many European countries. Specific analyses of the historical decline of child mortality may shed light on the potential equity impact of interventions to reduce child mortality.In our study of the impact of improved water and sanitation in Stockholm from 1878 to 1925, we examined the decline in overall and diarrhea mortality among children, both in general and by socioeconomic group. We report a decline in overall mortality and of diarrhea mortality and a leveling out of socioeconomic differences in child mortality due to diarrheal diseases, but not of overall mortality. The contribution of general and targeted policies is discussed.
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