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- Einarson, Susanne, 1958-
(författare)
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Oral health-related quality ofl ife in an adult population
- 2009
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim: The overall aim of this licentiate thesis was to describe and analyze oral health-related quality of life measured with OHIP-14. The thesis comprises two studies, each with a specific aim. Study I: To describe oral health-related quality of life measured with OHIP-14 in an Swedish adult population Study II: To study the relationship between oral health-related quality of life, measured with OHIP-14, and subjective as well as objective dry mouth conditions in fragile old people. Furthermore, the aim was to study the reliability and validity of a new instrument (VAS) to measure dry mouth Material and methods: Study I comprised a stratified random sample of 519 individuals 20-80 years of age. In Study II, 41 randomly selected fragile old people, residents at three different community care centers, participated. In both studies, the questionnaire OHIP-14 was used for measurement of oral health-related quality of life. The participants in Study II answered a questionnaire for subjectively experienced dry mouth (VAS). For objective dry mouth measurements, saliva was absorbed into a preweighted cotton roll. Results: In Study I, 21% of the respondents stated that they had no oral problems that had a negative impact on their well-being. In Study II, the corresponding figure was 71%. In study I the mean value for OHIP-14 was 6.4 (SD=7.1) for the entire population; 5.9 (SD=7.1) for men and 6.8 (SD=7.2) for women in. Subjects, who frequently experienced problems related to oral health, with scores ranging from 16 to 41 points, accounted for 10% of the study group. In Study II, significant associations were identified between both objectively measured respective subjectively experienced dry mouth and oral health-related quality of life. The validity of the VAS instrument was good for subjective mouth dryness, but poor for objectively measured dry mouth in fragile old people. Conclusion: From Study I it can be concluded that, in this Swedish population, a number of individuals, both young and old, experience oral problems that have a negative impact on their well-being. From Study II, the conclusion is that dry mouth (both objective and subjective) is significantly associated with poorer oral health-related quality of life, underlining the value of monitoring dry mouth conditions in the care of fraigile old people.
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| 2. |
- Jönsson, Birgitta, 1962-
(författare)
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Behavioural Medicine Perspectives for Change and Prediction of Oral Hygiene Behaviour : Development and Evaluation of an Individually Tailored Oral Health Educational Program
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis is about a behavioural medicine approach in periodontal treatment and oral hygiene self-care. The aim of this thesis was to develop, describe, and evaluate an individually tailored oral health educational program on oral hygiene behaviour and non-surgical periodontal treatment success, and to determine factors of importance for predicting oral hygiene behaviour. Two separate studies, both conducted at a specialist clinic for periodontics in a Swedish county council are described. In the first study, the program was developed and described in two experimental single-case studies with multiple baseline designs (Paper I). The second study was a randomised controlled single-blinded trial [n = 113, mean age 51.2, 53% female] in which, the effectiveness of the program was compared with standard treatment on oral hygiene habits, plaque control, and gingivitis (Paper II), periodontal status (Paper III), and attitudes, subjective norms, and self-efficacy (Paper IV). The tailored oral health educational program included a motivational interviewing method and cognitive behavioural techniques, and the individual tailoring for each participant was based on participants’ thoughts and cognitions, intermediate and long-term goals, and oral health status. Participants in the individually tailored program reported higher frequency of daily interdental cleaning and were more confident about maintaining the attained level of behaviour change, had better oral hygiene, and healthier gingival tissue, particularly interproximally. There was a great reduction in periodontal pocket depth and bleeding on probing scores (BoP) for participants in both programs with a greater reduction in BoP scores in the tailored-treatment group. A lower dental plaque score at treatment start increased the predicted probability of attaining treatment success, and self-efficacy towards interdental cleaning predicted oral hygiene behaviour. These studies demonstrate an individually tailored oral health education program is preferable to standard program as an oral hygiene behaviour change interventions in non-surgical periodontal treatment.
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| 3. |
- Öhrn, Magnus, 1961-
(författare)
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Talat glöms men skrivet göms : En studie i Fritiof Nilsson Piratens författarskap
- 2005
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This dissertation examines the relation between orality and literacy in the authorship of Fritiof Nilsson, The Pirate (1895-1972), who was well known both as an author and as an oral storyteller. The investigation is divided into four areas: The first concerns the contents of Fritiof Nilsson´s texts, especially different kind of folklore genres, that belong to verbal traditions (anecdotes, proverbs, legends, folk customs, folk medicin etc). The second area is that of style, in this case stylistic features (syntax, rhythm, choice of words) regarded linguistically as oral. This section also contains a survey in a characteristic feature of Fritiof Nilsson’s style and metaphorical language: the grotesque. The third area is a meta-narrative level, in which the narrative refers to itself and how it came to be. Several of Fritiof Nilsson´s written stories are based on his oral repertoir, but put on paper, the whole oral context disappears, and in different ways the author tries to make up for this loss. This in turn leads to a struggle between the spoken language and the written, which often takes place on a meta-level in the texts. The fourth question at issue is the obviously masculine way of adressing the reader, which is essential for the authorship and interwoven with different aspects of orality. This language, here called ’the discourse of brotherhood’, derives from a homosocial network which, in Fritiof Nilsson’s case, links back to the oral context and especially his audience of like-minded men. Through contextualization of the statements (both the written and the oral) in question, this dissertation challenge and modifies the idea of a ’great divide’ between orality and literacy. This study of Fritiof Nilsson’s authorship shows that the notion of an open-ended oral-literary continuum, in which the spoken language and the written language interact, is a far more productive theoretical point of view.
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