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- Fjell, Ylva, et al.
(författare)
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Appraised leadership styles, psychosocial work factors, and musculoskeletal pain among public employees
- 2007
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Ingår i: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0340-0131 .- 1432-1246. ; 81:1, s. 19-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives The main aim of this study was to explore the associations between appraised leadership styles, psychosocial work factors and musculoskeletal pain among subordinates in four different public service sectors from an epidemiological perspective. Methods A cross-sectional questionnaire study was conducted; data from 2,403 public sector employees in subordinate positions (86% women) were analysed. The appraised leadership styles were measured through items from a modified version of the CPE questionnaire (C change, P production/structure, E employee/relation). The structure validity of the CPE-model was examined by principal component analysis (PCA). Univariate and multivariate analyses of associations between levels of musculoskeletal pain and appraised leadership styles and with psychosocial work factors were conducted. Odds ratios (ORs) with confidence intervals (CIs) of 95% were used as a measure of associations. Results There were small variations in the appraisals of the immediate manager among the subordinates. However, the associations between musculoskeletal pain and leadership styles varied according to sector. Poor appraisals (low scores) on "change" and "employee relation" dimensions were associated with high levels of musculoskeletal pain in two sectors: home and health care services. In the domestic catering services, poor appraisals of managers in the "production/structure" dimension had the strongest association with high levels of pain. In general, poor appraisals of the "change" dimension was most strongly associated with high levels of musculoskeletal pain. "High work demands" had the strongest association with high levels of pain, particularly among the men. Conclusions Poor appraisals of managers and their leadership styles were associated with high levels of musculoskeletal pain among both female and male subordinates in different public service sectors. There is therefore a great need of further studies of the mechanisms behind the relationships between the leadership styles and their impact on health among the genders
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- Johansson, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Manoeuvring between anxiety and control : Patients' experience of learning to live with diabetes : A lifeworld phenomenological study
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1748-2623 .- 1748-2631. ; 10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research shows that people with diabetes want their lives to proceed as normally as possible, but some patients experience difficulty in reaching their desired goals with treatment. The learning process is a complex phenomenon interwoven into every facet of life. Patients and healthcare providers often have different perspectives in care which gives different expectations on what the patients need to learn and cope with. The aim of this study, therefore, is to describe the experience of learning to live with diabetes. Interviews were conducted with 12 patients afflicted with type 1 or type 2 diabetes. The interviews were then analysed with reference to the reflective lifeworld research approach. The analysis shows that when the afflicted realize that their bodies undergo changes and that blood sugar levels are not always balanced as earlier in life, they can adjust to their new conditions early. The afflicted must take responsibility for balancing their blood sugar levels and incorporating the illness into their lives. Achieving such goals necessitates knowledge. The search for knowledge and sensitivity to changes are constant requirements for people with diabetes. Learning is driven by the tension caused by the need for and dependence on safe blood sugar control, the fear of losing such control, and the fear of future complications. The most important responsibilities for these patients are aspiring to understand their bodies as lived bodies, ensuring safety and security, and acquiring the knowledge essential to making conscious choices.
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- Johansson, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Patients' experiences of support for learning to live with diabetes to promote health and well-being : A lifeworld phenomenological study
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1748-2623 .- 1748-2631. ; 11:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Learning to live with diabetes in such a way that the new conditions will be a normal and natural part of life imposes requirements on the person living with diabetes. Previous studies have shown that there is no clear picture of what and how the learning that would allow persons to incorporate the illness into their everyday life will be supported. The aim of this study is to describe the phenomenon of support for learning to live with diabetes to promote health and well-being, from the patient's perspective. Data were collected by interviews with patients living with type 1 or type 2 diabetes. The interviews were analysed using a reflective lifeworld approach. The results show that reflection plays a central role for patients with diabetes in achieving a new understanding of the health process, and awareness of their own responsibility was found to be the key factor for such a reflection. The constituents are responsibility creating curiosity and willpower, openness enabling support, technology verifying bodily feelings, a permissive climate providing for participation and exchanging experiences with others. The study concludes that the challenge for caregivers is to create interactions in an open learning climate that initiates and supports reflection to promote health and well-being.
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- Johansson, Karin, 1955-
(författare)
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Reflektion, Insikt och Ansvar : Lärandet i att leva med diabetes
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Aim: The overall aim is to develop knowledge about learning to live with diabetes.Methods: All four studies have been carried out within the caring science and using a life-world phenomenological approach. Study (I): data was collected through written narratives from seven patients with insulin treatment. Studies (II and III): data was collected through interviews with twelve patients with diabetes. Study (IV): Data was collected from four groups and two individual interviews with sixteen diabetes nurses. The method for the analysis can be described as a dialectic process, beginning with the whole, analyzing its parts, and then reconstructing the whole in order to understand the essence of the phenomenon.Main Findings: The result showed that patients’ experiences of the most obvious meanings of the phenomenon of being stricken by diabetes (I) are the fight against becoming your illness, a wish that everything would be as usual and that the new situation should only be natural. Furthermore, after having been diagnosed with the illness, the results demonstrated two themes that were particularly important in learning to live with diabetes. These were your own responsibility for gaining knowledge in order to incorporate the illness into your life and to find a balance between fear and control (II). As support for the learning (III), reflection over the learning and experiences has a crucial role for a new understanding of health processes. Insight into your own responsibility was a key factor for this reflection. To be able to give support (1V), the diabetes nurse must adopt a reflecting, self-critical attitude with an insight that the responsibility for learning lies with the patient and that the role for the diabetes nurse is to encourage and challenge the patient to self-reflection and taking responsibility on the basis of individual goals and pre-requisites.To give support in this way, the diabetes nurse must downplay the medical requirements for control and make more use of his/her medical competence to ask reflection-triggering questions based on a life-world perspective.Conclusion: Based on the patient’s life-world, an understanding is created that supports learning, which thereby can reduce the influence of the illness on the patient's life. This understanding makes it possible to incorporate the illness into the patient's life and create a balance between fear and control.
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| 6. |
- Johansson, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Supporting patients learning to live with diabetes : a phenomenological study
- 2018
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Ingår i: British Journal of Nursing. - London : MA Healthcare Limited. - 0966-0461 .- 2052-2819. ; 27:12, s. 697-704
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article describes a study of the phenomenon of supporting patients who are learning to live with diabetes, from a diabetes specialist nurse (DSN) perspective. Guided by principles of reflective lifeworld research, data from six interviews (four in groups and two individual) with 16 DSNs were analysed. The results show that, in order to support learning, DSNs use a self-critical approach with the insight that they should not take over responsibility for their patients' diabetes. The DSNs support, encourage and challenge the patients to self-reflect and take responsibility based on patients' own goals and needs. To provide support, DSNs need to assume a tactful, critically challenging approach, dare to confront patients' fears and other emotions and have the insight to know that the responsibility for learning and integration of the condition lies with the patient. To be able to support patients in this way, it is necessary that the DSN is mentored and supported in this role.
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