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| 2. |
- Bohlin, I, et al.
(författare)
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Mapping potential location for bilberry picking with remote sensing, local field data andphone application
- 2023
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of the study was to create a practical method for identifying potential locations for bilberry picking with help of remote sensing, local field data and phone application to support the development of the local berry value chain. Local field data w as collected 2021 and 2022 and consisted 503 and 525 plots from a study area of circa 25x45km in Västerbotten, Sweden. The potential for bilberry production was evaluated by measuring the shrub cover and amount of raw berries. Wall to wall remote sensing d ata included a Sentinel 2 image from same summer, airborne laser scanning data from 2020 and other map products. We created classification models for bilberry shrub and yield using both logistic regression (2 classes) and ordinal regression (3 classes) mod els using 2021 data, and validated and calibrated models with 2022 data. Predictor variables consisted of spectral metrics from satellite data; structural metrics from laser data; existing raster maps of tree species, stand attributes, site index, soil moi sture and land use classes. The 2 class models performed better than three class models, delivering the AUC 0.73, overall accuracy 0.83 and kappa value 0.51 for best bilberry shrub model and 0.75, 0.77 and 0.50 respectively for best bilberry yield model. T he best models included both laser based structural metrics describing e.g canopy closure and spectral metrics, but also e.g. volume of pine, soil moisture and site index were found significant predictor variables. Calibration of the models improved annual predictions and the validation of the 2021 raster maps with 2022 data produced similar AUC, OA, and kappa values for bilberry yield (0.73, 0.74 and 0.46), but lower for bilberry shrub (0.61, 0.68 and 0.24). A dedicated phone application was developed duri ng the project, which was used both for collecting the field data and for presenting the potential locations of berry yields. Local berry maps can help berry pickers easier to find the berries in forest landscape and therefore support local berry value cha in. This study is part of the FAIRCHAIN project, which has received funding from the European Union’s funding programme H2020 research and innovation programme under grand agreement 101000723.
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| 3. |
- Sonesson, Ulf, et al.
(författare)
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Paths to a sustainable food sector: integrated design and LCA of future food supply chains : the case of pork production in Sweden
- 2016
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Ingår i: The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment. - : Springer Ferlag. - 0948-3349 .- 1614-7502. ; 21:5, s. 664-676
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To describe a more sustainable food sector, a supply chain approach is needed. Changing a supply chain inevitably means that various attributes of the product and its system will change. This project assumed this challenge and delivered detailed descriptions, life cycle assessment (LCA) evaluations, and consequence assessments of the supply chains of six commodities, i.e., milk, cheese, beef, pork, chicken, and bread, from a Swedish region. This paper presents results for the pork supply chain. Methods: In the project setup, experts on production along supply chains designed three scenarios for environmentally improved systems. These scenarios, i.e., the ecosystem, plant nutrients, and climate scenarios, were intended to address different clusters of environmental goals. The next step was to challenge these scenarios by considering their possible consequences for products and systems from the food safety, sensory quality, animal welfare, consumer appreciation, and (for primary production only) cost perspectives. This led to changes in production system design to prevent negative consequences. The final supply chains were quantified using LCA and were again assessed from the three perspectives. Results and discussion: The scenario design approach worked well, thoroughly and credibly describing the production systems. Assessment of consequences bolstered the credibility and quality of the systems and results. The LCA of pig production and smoked ham identified large potentials for improvement by implementing available knowledge: global warming potential (GWP) could be reduced 21–54 % and marine eutrophication by 14–45 %. The main reason for these improvements was improved productivity (approaching the best producers’ current performance), though dedicated measures were also important, resulting in increased nitrogen efficiency, more varied crop rotations for crop production and better production management, and improved animal health and manure management for animal production. Reduced post-farm wastage contributed as did reduced emissions from fertilizer production. Conclusions: The working approach applied was successful in integrating LCA research with food system production expertise to deliver results relevant to supply chain decision-makers. The consequence assessments brought considerable value to the project, giving its results greater credibility. By introducing constraints in the form of “no negative consequences and no increased costs,” the work was “guided” so that the scenario design avoided being hampered by too many opportunities.
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| 4. |
- Wahlberg, Alexander, et al.
(författare)
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”Berries of the region” (Bär i Bygden) a System Demonstrator for Intermediate ValueChains
- 2023
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This case study explores a holistic innovation approach to explore how an intermediate value chain in the Swedish berry industry can boost a region's resilience, value retention, and competitiveness. The project, facilitated by a local innovation team in B jurholms municipality, has identified opportunities, developed solutions, and established two new organizations that demonstrate new sustainable, techno social value offerings.
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| 5. |
- Amani, Pegah, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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Food product clustering for customized food logistics
- 2013
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Ingår i: 7th International European Forum (Igls-Forum) - (136th EAAE Seminar) on System Dynamics and Innovation in Food Networks , Innsbruck-Igls, Austria.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 6. |
- Backlund, Elin, et al.
(författare)
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Implementering och resultat av Göteborgsmodellen för mindre matsvinn
- 2020
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Göteborgsmodellen för mindre matsvinn är ett praktiskt verktyg som stödjer måltidspersonalen i deras arbete att minska matsvinnet genom enkla åtgärder och bättre rutiner. Verktyget är utvecklat för kockar, köksmästare, måltidsbiträden och enhetschefer och kan användas i tillagningskök, mottagningskök och serveringskök. Syftet med denna rapport är att med utgångspunkt från Göteborgs Stads arbete kring Göteborgsmodellen för mindre matsvinn, belysa och analysera data och erfarenheter från genomförandet av ett storskaligt matsvinnsprojekt. Göteborgs Stad har en stor måltidsverksamhet med cirka 520 kök som serverar drygt 80 000 luncher per dag. Genom Göteborgsmodellen för mindre matsvinn har Göteborgs Stad på två år, från januari 2017 till december 2018, minskat sitt matsvinn (serveringssvinn och kökssvinn) i sina kök med 50%, från cirka 30 g/portion till 15 gram/portion. I slutet av projektet mätte 95% av köken sitt matsvinn. Baserat på mätningarna 2017–2018 stod serveringssvinnet för cirka 80% av matsvinnet medan 20% var kökssvinn. Arbetet inom och förarbeten till projektet Göteborgsmodellen för mindre matsvinn har bidragit till nya nyckeltal för olika kategorier av kök i Göteborgs Stad. Projektet har också bidragit till systematiska och långsiktiga effekter genom att införa ett systematiskt arbetssätt. Genom att arbeta med modellen har köken etablerat rutiner för att minska köks- och serveringssvinn samt identifierat strukturella problem som måste lösas i framtiden för att minska matsvinnet ytterligare. Uppföljning av data från tidigare mätningar i kombination med mätningar gjorda inom Göteborgsmodellen, totalt 5 års mätningar, visar att det tar tid att genomföra en varaktig förändring. Generellt minskar matsvinnsnivåerna snabb i början för att sedan succesivt plana ut under loppet av flera år.
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| 9. |
- Borg, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Is 'legal empowerment of the poor' relevant to people with disabilities in developing countries? An empirical and normative review.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Global Health Action. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1654-9880 .- 1654-9716. ; 6:22854, s. 1-15
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background : Legal empowerment of the poor is highly relevant to public health as it aims to relieve income poverty, a main determinant of health. The Commission on Legal Empowerment of the Poor (CLEP) has proposed legal empowerment measures in the following four domains: access to justice and the rule of law, property, labor, and business rights. Despite being overrepresented among the poor, CLEP has not explicitly considered the situation of people with disabilities. Objectives : To examine the empirical evidence for the relevance of the CLEP legal empowerment measures to people with disabilities in low- and lower middle-income countries, and to evaluate the extent to which the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) addresses those measures. Methods : Critical literature review of empirical studies and a checklist assessment of the CRPD. Results : Fourteen included articles confirm that people with disabilities experience problems in the domains of access to justice and the rule of law, labor rights, and business rights. No texts on property rights were found. Evidence for the effectiveness of the proposed measures is insufficient. Overall, the CRPD fully or partially supports two-thirds of the proposed measures (seven out of nine measures for access to justice and the rule of law, none of the five measures for property rights, all seven measures for labor rights, and six out of nine measures for business rights). Conclusions : Although most of the domains of the CLEP legal empowerment measures are relevant to people with disabilities from both empirical and normative perspectives, it is uncertain whether the devised measures are of immediate relevance to them. Further research is warranted in this regard.
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| 10. |
- Borg, Karin, 1972-
(författare)
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Sickness Absence with Musculoskeletal Diagnoses : An Eleven-Year Follow-Up of Young Persons
- 2003
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: In Sweden, as well as in most Western countries, sickness absence is a major public health problem that has increased in recent years. This is a complex phenomenon related not only to ill health factors, but also to other factors on the levels of the individual, the family, the workplace, and the society. Most studies of sickness absence are cross sectional, which makes it difficult to investigate aetiological factors. A longitudinal study design is preferable, because sick-leave spells can have a long duration and are often due to chronic or recurrent disorders.Objectives: The aim of the present research was to conduct a pilot study to gain further information about factors associated with sickness absence and disability pension, perceptions of contacts with rehabilitation professionals, and self-rated health over time among younger persons initially on sick leave with low-back, neck, or shoulder diagnoses.Material and methods: An eleven-year prospective cohort study of all individuals who, in 1985, were aged 25–34 years, lived in the municipality of Linköping, Sweden, and had a sick-leave spell ≥ 28 days with low-back, neck, or shoulder diagnoses (n = 213, 61% women). The following information was obtained from registers: number of sick-leave days and spells in 1982–1984; diagnosis and demographical data in 1985 (age, sex, occupation, citizenship, marital status, and income); data on each sick-leave period (date, full/part time), disability pension (date, diagnoses, temporary/permanent, full/part time); emigration (date), and death (date, cause) from 1985 to 1 September 1996. In 1996, a questionnaire was sent to members of the cohort (response rate 73%). Different measures were used to analyse sickness absence and disability pension over the eleven-year period, possible risk factors for disability pension were tested by Cox regression, and possible factors predicting future low levels of sickness absence were tested by logistic regression. Based on the questionnaire perceptions of encounters with rehabilitation professionals were analysed with factor analyses and linear regression, and the so called health-line (a method to collect data on self-rated health over time) was tested, and the results were compared with data on sickness absence and disability ension.Results: The members of the cohort turned out to be a high-risk group for disability pension. After 11 years, 26% of the women and 14% of the men had been granted such benefits, mainly due to musculoskeletal diagnoses, but also with psychiatric diagnoses for half of the men and 17% of the women. Full-time pension was granted more often to men than to women. The women had higher levels of sickness absence. An extended Cox regression model proved suitable for prediction of disability pension. Taking citizenship and long-term sickness absence into consideration, the women had a 1.9 times higher risk of being granted disability pension than the men. Predictors for future low levels of sickness absence were a history of low sickness absence, having a white-collar job, and being married. These associations were not discerned when a pathogenic approach was used, which implies that factors other than the opposite risk factor for disability pension are associated with future low sickness absence. Three dimensions of the individuals’ contacts with professionals were identified: supportive treatment, distant treatment, and empowering treatment.Women perceived both social insurance officers and health care professionals as more supportive than the men did. Contact with social insurance officers was experienced as more supportive and empowering by persons on disability pension than by those not receiving such benefits. Data collected using the health-line (i.e., self-rated health from 1985 to 1995) was correlated with data on annual mean number of sick-leave days and days on disability pension. No tendency to recall bias was noted.Conclusions: Additional research is needed to elucidate the situation of women on sick leave with low-back, neck, and shoulder diagnoses. Further testing and practical application of statistical and epidemiological models for analysing sickness absence and disability pension data should be carried out to ascertain the validity and usefulness of such models.
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