| 1. |
- Otero, Jaime, et al.
(författare)
-
Basin-scale phenology and effects of climate variability on global timing of initial seaward migration of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Global Change Biology. - : Wiley. - 1354-1013 .- 1365-2486. ; 20:1, s. 61-75
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Migrations between different habitats are key events in the lives of many organisms. Such movements involve annually recurring travel over long distances usually triggered by seasonal changes in the environment. Often, the migration is associated with travel to or from reproduction areas to regions of growth. Young anadromous Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) emigrate from freshwater nursery areas during spring and early summer to feed and grow in the North Atlantic Ocean. The transition from the freshwater ('parr') stage to the migratory stage where they descend streams and enter salt water ('smolt') is characterized by morphological, physiological and behavioural changes where the timing of this parr-smolt transition is cued by photoperiod and water temperature. Environmental conditions in the freshwater habitat control the downstream migration and contribute to within- and among-river variation in migratory timing. Moreover, the timing of the freshwater emigration has likely evolved to meet environmental conditions in the ocean as these affect growth and survival of the post-smolts. Using generalized additive mixed-effects modelling, we analysed spatio-temporal variations in the dates of downstream smolt migration in 67 rivers throughout the North Atlantic during the last five decades and found that migrations were earlier in populations in the east than the west. After accounting for this spatial effect, the initiation of the downstream migration among rivers was positively associated with freshwater temperatures, up to about 10 °C and levelling off at higher values, and with sea-surface temperatures. Earlier migration occurred when river discharge levels were low but increasing. On average, the initiation of the smolt seaward migration has occurred 2.5 days earlier per decade throughout the basin of the North Atlantic. This shift in phenology matches changes in air, river, and ocean temperatures, suggesting that Atlantic salmon emigration is responding to the current global climate changes.
|
|
| 2. |
- Almqvist, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
-
Lyssna bättre på barnen som drabbas av familjevåld
- 2007
-
Ingår i: DN Debatt, 2007-08-18.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Rädda Barnen och en rad experter slår larm: Socialtjänst och domstolar tar inte barnens rätt på tillräckligt stort allvar. När barn drabbas av våld och övergrepp i familjen bortser myndigheterna från barnens egna berättelser och upplevelser. Deras rätt till stöd och behandling fungerar inte i praktiken. Socialtjänst och domstolar tar inte sina arbetsuppgifter på tillräckligt stort allvar. Ansvariga myndigheter sätter vuxnas rättigheter före barnens och ser inte problemen ur de drabbades perspektiv. Det skriver en lång rad experter som arbetar med barn som utsatts för våld i familjen.
|
|
| 3. |
- Ericson, E., et al.
(författare)
-
Hepatic patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 3 levels are increased in I148M risk allele carriers and correlate with NAFLD in humans
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Hepatology communications.. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 2471-254X. ; 6:10, s. 2689-2701
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) the patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 3 (PNPLA3) rs738409 variant is a contributor. In mice, the Pnpla3 148M variant accumulates on lipid droplets and probably leads to sequestration of a lipase cofactor leading to impaired mobilization of triglycerides. To advance our understanding of the localization and abundance of PNPLA3 protein in humans, we used liver biopsies from patients with NAFLD to investigate the link to NAFLD and the PNPLA3 148M genotype. We experimentally qualified an antibody against human PNPLA3. Hepatic PNPLA3 protein fractional area and localization were determined by immunohistochemistry in biopsies from a well-characterized NAFLD cohort of 67 patients. Potential differences in hepatic PNPLA3 protein levels among patients related to degree of steatosis, lobular inflammation, ballooning, and fibrosis, and PNPLA3 I148M gene variants were assessed. Immunohistochemistry staining in biopsies from patients with NAFLD showed that hepatic PNPLA3 protein was predominantly localized to the membranes of small and large lipid droplets in hepatocytes. PNPLA3 protein levels correlated strongly with steatosis grade (p = 0.000027) and were also significantly higher in patients with lobular inflammation (p = 0.009), ballooning (p = 0.022), and significant fibrosis (stage 2-4, p = 0.014). In addition, PNPLA3 levels were higher in PNPLA3 rs738409 148M (CG, GG) risk allele carriers compared to 148I (CC) nonrisk allele carriers (p = 0.0029). Conclusion: PNPLA3 protein levels were associated with increased hepatic lipid content and disease severity in patients with NAFLD and were higher in PNPLA3 rs738409 (148M) risk allele carriers. Our hypothesis that increased hepatic levels of PNPLA3 may be part of the pathophysiological mechanism of NAFLD is supported.
|
|
| 4. |
- Rodin, S, et al.
(författare)
-
Clonal culturing of human embryonic stem cells on laminin-521/E-cadherin matrix in defined and xeno-free environment
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Nature communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 5, s. 3195-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lack of robust methods for establishment and expansion of pluripotent human embryonic stem (hES) cells still hampers development of cell therapy. Laminins (LN) are a family of highly cell-type specific basement membrane proteins important for cell adhesion, differentiation, migration and phenotype stability. Here we produce and isolate a human recombinant LN-521 isoform and develop a cell culture matrix containing LN-521 and E-cadherin, which both localize to stem cell niches in vivo. This matrix allows clonal derivation, clonal survival and long-term self-renewal of hES cells under completely chemically defined and xeno-free conditions without ROCK inhibitors. Neither LN-521 nor E-cadherin alone enable clonal survival of hES cells. The LN-521/E-cadherin matrix allows hES cell line derivation from blastocyst inner cell mass and single blastomere cells without a need to destroy the embryo. This method can facilitate the generation of hES cell lines for development of different cell types for regenerative medicine purposes.
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
- Antonsson, M., et al.
(författare)
-
Lungefysioterapi ved abdominal- og thoraxkirurgi
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Fysioterapeuten. ; 9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I snart hundrede år har fysioterapeuter arbejdet på at mindske risikoen for postoperative lungekomplikationer hos patienter, der skal opereres i brystkassen og abdominalregionen. Klinisk erfaring viser, at lungefysioterapi er vigtig, men hvad ved vi i dag om effekten af forskellige former for behandling? Hvilke indsatsområder skal man i første omgang vælge? Forfatterne til denne artikel har udarbejdet retningslinjer for lungefysioterapi til patienter, som gennemgår abdominal- og thoraxkirurgi. Målet med arbejdet med retningslinjerne har været at udrede og sammensætte eksisterende evidens for lungefysioterapeutiske behandlingsmetoder i forbindelse med abdominal- og thoraxkirurgiske indgreb. Den samlede evidens i kombination med ekspertgruppens kommentarer har ført til anbefalinger for den kliniske behandling. Disse anbefalinger er målrettet fysioterapeuter i den kliniske praksis, som arbejder med abdominal - og thoraxkirurgiske patienter. Sigtet er, at den aktuelle og systematisk indsamlede viden vil bidrage til diskussioner på de forskellige arbejdspladser, og at anbefalingerne for behandling vil blive tilpasset de lokale forhold. Denne artikel sammenfatter retningslinjerne, som er publiceret på fysioterapiforbundets (Legitimerede Sjukgymnasters) hjemmeside under profession. De kliniske retningslinjer omfatter desuden en komplet referenceliste.
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
