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- Aardal, Karen, et al.
(författare)
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Decomposition principles applied to the dynamic production and work-force scheduling problem
- 1987
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Ingår i: Engineering Costs and Production Economics. - 0167-188X .- 1878-4011. ; 12:1-4, s. 39-49
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One of the most important problems in the production and inventory planning field, is the scheduling of production and work force in a dynamic environment. Although this problem can be formulated as a linear program, it is often quite difficult to solve directly, due to its large scale. Instead, it might be fruitful to use a decomposition approach. Decomposition, in general, means decomposing a difficult problem into several easier, or a sequence of easier problems which are later coordinated to reconstruct the original problem.In this report we discuss several possibilities of applying the most common decomposition principles, namely Benders (primal) and Datnzig-Wolfe (dual), as well as a relatively new decomposition method, called cross decomposition, to the dynamic, multiproduct production and employment planning problem. A number of special cases are also presented.
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| 3. |
- Matinrad, Niki, 1986-
(författare)
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Models for Dispatch of Volunteers in Daily Emergency Response
- 2022
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Sufficient emergency resources are essential for emergency services to provide timely help to affected people and to minimize damage to public and private assets and the environment. Emergency services, however, face resource shortages and increasing demand over time. As a result, their response times increase, resulting in lower survival chances of affected people and more severe damage to properties and the environment. Thus, emergency services need to utilize and effectively manage all their available resources. These can be divided into traditional resources, such as ambulances, and new and emerging resources, such as volunteers. Models and methods developed using operations research (OR) methodologies can facilitate the management of these resources. However, despite a rich literature on OR-based models and methods focusing on traditional resources, the literature on new and emerging resources, and specifically volunteers, is scarce.The aim of this thesis is to develop models and methods for task assignment and dispatch of volunteers to daily medical emergencies. This also includes forecasting models for future emergencies. The developed models and methods consider volunteer programs in Sweden and the Netherlands, employing real historical data.The aim has been addressed through three studies, one main study and two sub-studies, the results of which are presented in the six included papers. The main study focuses on the development of models, methods, and strategies for task assignment and dispatch of volunteers to out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) cases using OR. To evaluate the survival rates of these patients, the most important health outcome of a response process, survival functions have been used in the development of these models and strategies. The results of this study are presented in Papers II–V. The first sub-study investigates different types of new and emerging resources used in daily medical emergency response, and the results are presented as an overview of the literature in Paper I. The second sub-study focuses on the forecast of medical emergency demand, and its outcomes are presented in Paper VI.The overall conclusion is that the use of OR-based models and methods can contribute to improved outcomes and increased survival probabilities compared to the strategies and techniques used in the existing systems.
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