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- Sliz, E., et al.
(författare)
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Evidence of a causal effect of genetic tendency to gain muscle mass on uterine leiomyomata
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 14:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Uterine leiomyomata (UL) are the most common tumours of the female genital tract and the primary cause of surgical removal of the uterus. Genetic factors contribute to UL susceptibility. To add understanding to the heritable genetic risk factors, we conduct a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of UL in up to 426,558 European women from FinnGen and a previous UL meta-GWAS. In addition to the 50 known UL loci, we identify 22 loci that have not been associated with UL in prior studies. UL-associated loci harbour genes enriched for development, growth, and cellular senescence. Of particular interest are the smooth muscle cell differentiation and proliferation-regulating genes functioning on the myocardin-cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A pathway. Our results further suggest that genetic predisposition to increased fat-free mass may be causally related to higher UL risk, underscoring the involvement of altered muscle tissue biology in UL pathophysiology. Overall, our findings add to the understanding of the genetic pathways underlying UL, which may aid in developing novel therapeutics.
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| 4. |
- Karady, Julia, et al.
(författare)
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Coronary plaque in people with HIV vs non-HIV asymptomatic community and symptomatic higher-risk populations
- 2024
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Ingår i: JACC: Advances. - : Elsevier. - 2772-963X. ; 3:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: People with HIV (PWH) have a high burden of coronary plaques; however, the comparison to people without known HIV (PwoH) needs clarification.Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine coronary plaque burden/phenotype in PWH vs PwoH.Methods: Nonstatin using participants from 3 contemporary populations without known coronary plaques with coronary CT were compared: the REPRIEVE (Randomized Trial to Prevent Vascular Events in HIV) studying PWH without cardiovascular symptoms at low-to-moderate risk (n = 755); the SCAPIS (Swedish Cardiopulmonary Bioimage Study) of asymptomatic community PwoH at low-to-intermediate cardiovascular risk (n = 23,558); and the PROMISE (Prospective Multicenter Imaging Study for Evaluation of Chest Pain) of stable chest pain PwoH (n = 2,291). The coronary plaque prevalence on coronary CT was compared, and comparisons were stratified by 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk, age, and coronary artery calcium (CAC) presence.Results: Compared to SCAPIS and PROMISE PwoH, REPRIEVE PWH were younger (50.8 ± 5.8 vs 57.3 ± 4.3 and 60.0 ± 8.0 years; P < 0.001) and had lower ASCVD risk (5.0% ± 3.2% vs 6.0% ± 5.3% and 13.5% ± 11.0%; P < 0.001). More PWH had plaque compared to the asymptomatic cohort (48.5% vs 40.3%; P < 0.001). When stratified by ASCVD risk, PWH had more plaque compared to SCAPIS and a similar prevalence of plaque compared to PROMISE. CAC = 0 was more prevalent in PWH (REPRIEVE 65.2%; SCAPIS 61.6%; PROMISE 49.6%); among CAC = 0, plaque was more prevalent in PWH compared to the PwoH cohorts (REPRIEVE 20.8%; SCAPIS 5.4%; PROMISE 12.3%, P < 0.001).Conclusions: Asymptomatic PWH in REPRIEVE had more plaque than asymptomatic PwoH in SCAPIS but had similar prevalence to a higher-risk stable chest pain cohort in PROMISE. In PWH, CAC = 0 does not reliably exclude plaque.
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| 6. |
- Norrman, AE, et al.
(författare)
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Salivary Biomarkers and Oral Health in Liver Transplant Recipients, with an Emphasis on Diabetes
- 2021
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Ingår i: Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland). - : MDPI AG. - 2075-4418. ; 11:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Salivary biomarkers have been linked to various systemic diseases. We examined the association between salivary biomarkers, periodontal health, and microbial burden in liver transplant (LT) recipients with and without diabetes, after transplantation. We hypothesized that diabetic recipients would exhibit impaired parameters. This study included 84 adults who received an LT between 2000 and 2006 in Finland. Dental treatment preceded transplantation. The recipients were re-examined, on average, six years later. We evaluated a battery of salivary biomarkers, microbiota, and subjective oral symptoms. Periodontal health was assessed, and immunosuppressive treatments were recorded. Recipients with impaired periodontal health showed higher matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) levels (p < 0.05) and MMP-8/tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP1) ratios (p < 0.001) than recipients with good periodontal health. Diabetes post-LT was associated with impaired periodontal health (p < 0.05). No difference between groups was found in the microbial counts. Salivary biomarker levels did not seem to be affected by diabetes. However, the advanced pro-inflammatory state induced by and associated with periodontal inflammation was reflected in the salivary biomarker levels, especially MMP-8 and the MMP-8/TIMP-1 molar ratio. Thus, these salivary biomarkers may be useful for monitoring the oral inflammatory state and the course of LT recipients.
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| 7. |
- Aberg, D, et al.
(författare)
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Ultra-shallow thermal donor formation in oxygen-containing ambient
- 1998
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Ingår i: Physica status solidi. B, Basic research. - 0370-1972 .- 1521-3951. ; 210, s. 527-532
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Czochralski-grown phosphorus-doped (approximate to 2 x 10(14) cm(-3)) silicon wafers have been annealed in nitrogen, wet nitrogen, argon, oxygen, and vacuum ambients at 470 degrees C for times up to 500 h. Sample characterization was made with capacitance-voltage, four-point probe, DLTS, thermally stimulated capacitance, admittance spectroscopy, secondary ion-mass spectrometry, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. This study finds a strong relation between the previously reported ultra-shallow thermal donors (USTDs) and shallow thermal donors (STDs), and it is shown that the net concentration of thermally formed donors is independent on annealing ambient within the experimental accuracy. It was found that the majority of formed donors for long anneals consisted of either STDs or USTDs, however, it was found that oxygen-containing ambient is indispensable for forming USTDs.
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| 8. |
- Aberg, D, et al.
(författare)
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Ultrashallow thermal donor formation in silicon by annealing in ambient oxygen
- 1999
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Physics. - 0021-8979 .- 1089-7550. ; 85, s. 8054-8059
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Czochralski-grown silicon wafers doped with phosphorus (similar to 10(14) cm(-3)) have been annealed in nitrogen, wet nitrogen, oxygen, argon, and vacuum ambients at 470 degrees C for times up to 500 h. Sample characterization was made using predominantly electrical techniques such as admittance spectroscopy and thermally stimulated capacitance measurements but also secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were employed. In all samples, an increasing concentration of free carrier electrons is observed with increasing annealing time, reaching a maximum of similar to 10(16) cm(-3) at 100 h. For durations in excess of 100 h gradual decrease of the free electron concentration takes place except for the samples treated in wet nitrogen and oxygen atmospheres, which display donors stable even after 200 h. These stable centers are found to have shallower donor level positions in the energy band gap (similar to 25 meV below the conduction band edge E-c) than those of the centers formed in vacuum, argon, and nitrogen atmospheres (similar to 35 meV below E-c). The latter centers are associated with the well-established shallow thermal donors (STDs) while the origin of the former ones, which are labeled ultrashallow thermal donors (USTDs) is less known. However, on the basis of a wealth of experimental results we show that the USTDs are most likely perturbated STDs modified through interaction with fast-in diffusing oxygen species, possibly oxygen dimers. Further, comparison between the electrical data and the SIMS measurements reveals unambiguously that neither the STD nor the USTD centers involve nitrogen, in contrast to recent suggestions in the literature. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-8979(99)06512-3].
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| 10. |
- Aberg, S., et al.
(författare)
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Nuclear Structure Effects in Fission
- 2023. - 1
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics: Conference Series. - 1742-6588. ; 2586
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Three examples of nuclear structure effects in fission dynamics are discussed: (i) The appearance of a super-short symmetric mode in the fission of nuclei around 264Fm leading to two double-magic 132Sn, (ii) Fission of some super-heavy elements where the heavy cluster is focused around double-magic 208Pb, and (iii) A saw-tooth distribution in angular momenta versus the fission fragment mass in the fission of 239U. The Metropolis random walk method is used to simulate the strongly damped fission dynamics on a 5D deformation grid. The dynamics is driven by pairing-, shape- and energy-dependent level densities. When available, a good agreement with experimental data is obtained.
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