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- Flor-Alemany, Marta, et al.
(författare)
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Assessing the Mediterranean diet adherence during pregnancy: Practical considerations based on the associations with cardiometabolic risk
- 2023
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Ingår i: Pregnancy Hypertension. - : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. - 2210-7789 .- 2210-7797. ; 31, s. 17-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The aim of the present study was to provide practical considerations for assessing MD adherence during pregnancy based on the association with cardiometabolic risk. Study design: Longitudinal study. Main outcome measures: A food frequency questionnaire was fulfilled by 152 pregnant women at the 16th gestational week (g.w.). We calculated the Mediterranean Food Pattern (MFP), the MD Scale (MDScale), the Short MD questionnaire (SMDQ), the MD Score (MedDietScore), and the MD scale for pregnant women (MDS-P). The cardiometabolic risk score consisted of pre-pregnancy body mass index, blood pressure, glucose, tri-glycerides, and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (at 16th and 34th g.w.). Results: Multiple linear regression models showed that the MFP, the MedDietScore, and the SMDQ were asso-ciated with lower cardiometabolic risk at the 16th and 34th g.w. (13s:-0.193 to-0.415, all p < 0.05); and the MDS-P at the 34th g.w. (13 =-0.349, p < 0.01). A comparison of these models with the J test showed that the MFP and the MedDietScore outperformed the SMDQ at the 16th g.w. (ps < 0.05); while the MedDietScore outperformed the SMDQ, MFP, and MDS-P (ps < 0.05) at the 34th g.w. Receiver-Operating-Characteristic-derived thresholds for the MFP, MedDietScore and MDS-P indices were 21, 30, and 6 points, respectively, to identify women with high cardiometabolic risk. Conclusion: The MFP and MedDietScore are recommended to assess MD adherence during pregnancy, as these showed the strongest associations with cardiometabolic risk. Our validated thresholds might assist in the detection of poor dietary patterns during pregnancy.
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| 2. |
- Flor-Alemany, Marta, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of Exercise Intervention Combined with Optimal Mediterranean Diet Adherence during Pregnancy on Postpartum Body Composition: A Quasi-Experimental Study-The GESTAFIT Project
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nutrients. - : MDPI. - 2072-6643. ; 15:20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aimed to investigate whether the effects of an exercise program during pregnancy on postpartum body composition are moderated by following a healthy dietary pattern (i.e., Mediterranean diet (MD)). Eighty-three pregnant women (control n = 40, exercise n = 43) were included in the present quasi-experimental study. The exercise intervention consisted of a 60 min, 3 day/week throughout pregnancy from gestational week 17, supervised concurrent (aerobic + resistance) exercise program. A food frequency questionnaire and the MD Score (min-max: 0-50) were employed to assess dietary habits and the MD adherence during pregnancy, respectively. Postpartum body composition was measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, 6 weeks postpartum. The body mass index and the gynecoid fat mass at postpartum were lower in the exercise compared to the control group (p = 0.018 and p = 0.047, respectively). There was an interaction showing that the MD adherence during pregnancy positively moderated the effects of the exercise intervention on postpartum lean mass (p = 0.024), fat mass percentage (p = 0.092), android fat mass (p = 0.076), and android-to-gynecoid fat mass (p = 0.019). The Johnson-Neyman technique revealed that the effects of exercise were enhanced at a MD score of similar to 31 for lean mass, similar to 25 for fat mass, similar to 23 for android fat mass and similar to 29 for android-to-gynecoid fat mass. Our results suggest that a concurrent-exercise training plus an optimal MD adherence during pregnancy might be a useful strategy to promote a healthier body composition at the postpartum period.
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