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| 2. |
- Affatato, Oreste, et al.
(författare)
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High efficacy of onabotulinumtoxinA treatment in patients with comorbid migraine and depression : a meta-analysis
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Translational Medicine. - : Springer Nature. - 1479-5876. ; 19:1
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Migraine and depression are highly prevalent and partly overlapping disorders that cause strong limitations in daily life. Patients tend to respond poorly to the therapies available for these diseases. OnabotulinumtoxinA has been proven to be an effective treatment for both migraine and depression. While many studies have addressed the effect of onabotulinumtoxinA in migraine or depression separately, a growing body of evidence suggests beneficial effects also for patients comorbid with migraine and depression. The current meta-analysis systematically investigates to what extent onabotulinumtoxinA is efficient in migraineurs with depression.Methods: A systematic literature search was performed based on PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science from the earliest date till October 30th, 2020. Mean, standard deviation (SD) and sample size have been used to evaluate improvement in depressive symptoms and migraine using random- effects empirical Bayes model.Results: Our search retrieved 259 studies, eight of which met the inclusion criteria. OnabotulinumtoxinA injections administered to patients with both chronic migraine and major depressive disorder led to mean reduction of - 8.94 points (CI [ - 10.04,- 7.84], p < 0.01) in the BDI scale, of - 5.90 points (CI [ - 9.92,- 1.88], p < 0.01) in the BDI-II scale and of - 6.19 points (CI [ - 9.52,- 2.86], p < 0.01) in the PHQ-9 scale, when evaluating depressive symptoms. In the case of the migraine-related symptoms, we found mean reductions of - 4.10 (CI [ - 7.31,- 0.89], p = 0.01) points in the HIT6 scale, - 32.05 (CI [ - 55.96,- 8.14], p = 0.01) in the MIDAS scale, - 1.7 (CI [ - 3.27,- 0.13], p = 0.03) points in the VAS scale and of - 6.27 (CI [ - 8.48,- 4.07], p < 0.01) migraine episodes per month. Comorbid patients showed slightly better improvements in BDI, HIT6 scores and migraine frequency compared to monomorbid patients. The latter group manifested better results in MIDAS and VAS scores.Conclusion: Treatment with onabotulinumtoxinA leads to a significant reduction of disease severity of both chronic migraine and major depressive disorder in patients comorbid with both diseases. Comparative analyses suggest an equivalent strong effect in monomorbid and comorbid patients, with beneficial effects specifically seen for certain migraine features.
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| 3. |
- Affatato, S., et al.
(författare)
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Larger diameter bearings reduce wear in metal-on-metal hip implants
- 2007
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Ingår i: Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0009-921X .- 1528-1132. ; :456, s. 153-158
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Metal-on-metal hip arthroplasty has the longest clinical history of all total arthroplasties. We asked whether large diameter femoral heads would result in less wear than those with small diameters. We also asked if there is a threshold diameter that ensures good wear behavior. We tested three batches of cast high-carbon cobalt-chromium-molybdenum hip implants (28 mm, 36 min, and 54 min diameters) in a hip simulator for 5 million cycles. We used bovine serum as lubricant and weighed the samples at regular intervals during testing. The 28-mm configuration had almost twice the wear of the 54-mm configuration, but we observed no difference between the 36-mm and the 54-mm configurations. The similarity in the wear performances of the larger configurations supports the presence of a threshold diameter that ensures good wear behavior.
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| 4. |
- Affatato, S., et al.
(författare)
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Microstructural effects on the wear resistance of CO-CR implant alloys
- 2006
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 8th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. - : ASMEDC. - 0791837793 - 9780791837795 ; , s. -951
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Modem metal-on-metal articulation have been proposed to reduce the incidence of osteolysis due to polyethylene particles debris, as a late complication. The tribology of large metal-on-metal articulations allows theoretical advantages with respect to other configurations, especially for the lubrication regime. This study was aimed to compare the wear performances of different diameters of clinically available acetabular metallic components manufactured in a cast cobalt-chrome alloy. To evaluate the influence of the material properties of wear and microstructure, metal-on-metal components were tested in a hip joint simulator for five million cycles with bovine calf serum as lubricant. In particular, three different configurations of metal-on-metal components (28-mm, 36-mm, 54-mm) were tested. After the test all specimens were examined with optical and electronic scanning microscope. A statistical difference were observed among the three groups tested in the run-in and steady-state wear rates, favoring the larger femoral heads. The results of this study indicate that the 54-mm diameter femoral heads prove a better wear behavior than the smaller configurations.
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| 5. |
- Jedenmalm, Anneli, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of head surface roughness and sterilization on wear of UHMWPE acetabular cups
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. - : Wiley. - 0021-9304 .- 1097-4636 .- 1549-3296 .- 1552-4965. ; 90:4, s. 1032-1042
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The impact of femoral head surface roughness on wear of gamma-irradiation sterilized (3 MRad in nitrogen, crosslinked) and nonsterilized (not crosshnked) UHMWPE acetabular cups has been evaluated. Gravimetric wear testing was performed in a hip joint simulator for 2 x 10(6) cycles. CoCrMo heads were used with different surface roughness (R-a = 15 nm and R-a = 400 rim). The surface roughness after wear test was unchanged for the roughened heads, whereas the initially smooth heads showed a few scratches. The roughened heads increased the wear of the acetabular cups 2-fold. The gamma-irradiated cups tested against rough heads underwent the highest wear. The absorption of water was highest for the gamma-irradiated cups (0.0204% compared to 0.0031% after 85 days). Raman spectroscopy showed small but significant crystallinity changes in the wear zone, where the gamma-irradiated cups with the most extensive abrasion increased in crystallinity, whereas the nonsterilized cups underwent a crystallinity decrease.
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| 6. |
- Lafta, Muataz S., et al.
(författare)
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Exploring sex differences : insights into gene expression, neuroanatomy, neurochemistry, cognition, and pathology
- 2024
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Neuroscience. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1662-4548 .- 1662-453X. ; 18
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Increased knowledge about sex differences is important for development of individualized treatments against many diseases as well as understanding behavioral and pathological differences. This review summarizes sex chromosome effects on gene expression, epigenetics, and hormones in relation to the brain. We explore neuroanatomy, neurochemistry, cognition, and brain pathology aiming to explain the current state of the art. While some domains exhibit strong differences, others reveal subtle differences whose overall significance warrants clarification. We hope that the current review increases awareness and serves as a basis for the planning of future studies that consider both sexes equally regarding similarities and differences.
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