| 1. |
- Fyrberg, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Communication in children and adolescents after acquired brain injury: An exploratory study
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1650-1977. ; 49:7, s. 572-578
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The usability of the Communicative Effectiveness Index (CETI) in adolescents with acquired brain injury was investigated and compared with linguistic, cognitive and brain injury data. Design: A prospective, longitudinal, between-group design. Subjects: Thirty participants were divided into 2 subgroups: CETI+ and CETI− groups. Methods: Parental CETI ratings of daily communication were compared with linguistic data and IQ test results. Lesion site and aetiology were also studied. Results: The CETI+ group (n = 16) had a mean score greater than 75 out of 100, while the mean score of the CETI− group (n = 14) was below 75. Complex daily communication was impaired in both groups, but the CETI− group scored significantly lower on verbal IQ and grammar comprehension tests and had more naming difficulties. A majority of subjects in the CETI− group had a left hemisphere injury. Traumatic vs non-traumatic acquired brain injury did not differentiate the results. Conclusion: Specific complex CETI items provided unique information that is not easily measured by linguistics and cognitive tests for use with the acquired brain injury group. Parental evaluations of communication skills were well reflected in language and verbal IQ test results. Left hemisphere injury was associated with poorer communication outcome
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| 2. |
- Fyrberg, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Everyday communication in adolescents after acquired brain injuries – a comparative study of self-ratings and parent evaluations using the CETI.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Interactional Research in Communication Disorders/Equinox. - : Equinox Publishing. - 2040-5111 .- 2040-512X. ; 8:1, s. 44-71
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Communication participation in adolescents with acquired brain injuries (ABI) has received limited attention. The aim of the present study was to investigate the views of the adolescents themselves (N = 8), in comparison to parent evaluations (N = 11) of daily communication, using the Communicative Effectiveness Index in combination with individual interviews. Two frameworks for analyses, Activity based Communication Analyses and the distributed cognition approach, identified three main areas of interest: Situations where communication difficulties occur, Coping behaviours used by participants to manage communication difficulties, and, Causes of the communication difficulties. An overall high agreement between the adolescent and parent assessments was shown. However, complex communicative situations more frequently received lower scores in the parent ratings. The results of the study point to the usability of a systematic comparison of the shared points of views on communication after ABI in adolescence, to increase knowledge about the participation perspective in real life communication.
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| 3. |
- Olsson, Emma, 1980-
(författare)
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Promoting health in premature infants : with special focus on skin-to-skin contact and development of valid pain assesment
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Premature infants are at greater risk for both short- and long-term negative outcomes than infants born at full term. Premature infants have an immature nervous system and are not developmentally prepared to process the often excessive stimuli and frequent painful procedures of intensive care. Skin-to-skin contact between the infant and the parent is beneficial for both infant and parents and can also humanize the intense environment of the neonatal intensive care unit. The aim of the thesis, to promote health in premature infants had two parts: (1) to investigate aspects of skin-to-skin contact (SSC) within neonatal care, and (2) to contribute to the development of a valid method for pain assessment in premature infants. In Study I, questionnaires about the implementation of SSC and staff’s attitudes toward the method were sent to all neonatal units in the Nordic countries. SSC was offered in all 87% of the units that responded, but to different extents in different countries. Medical risks and the physical environment were considered barriers to SSC, and the infant’s general development was considered the primary benefit. In Study II, 20 fathers of premature infants were interviewed about their experiences with SSC. The fathers’ overall experiences were positive and SSC made them feel involvedin their infant’s care. They also described the environment as an obstacle, but the experience as both gratifying and challenging. In Study III, SSC with their mothers was shown to have a pain-relieving effect on premature infants undergoing a blood test. This effect was examined through nearinfrared spectroscopy (NIRS) over the somatosensory cortex. In Study IV the Premature Infant Pain Profile - Revised was translated and culturally adapted into Finnish, Icelandic, Norwegian and Swedish. In summary, SSC was used to various degrees in the Nordic countries, fathers seemed to appreciate the method, which made them feel more involved, and SSC provided pain relief during a blood test.
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| 4. |
- Olsson, Emma, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Skin-to-skin contact reduces near-infrared spectroscopy pain responses in premature infants during blood sampling
- 2016
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Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 105:4, s. 376-380
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: This study investigated if skin-to-skin contact could provide pain relief, measured with near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), during venepuncture in premature infants.Methods: Ten infants born at 26-35 weeks of gestation were examined during a blood sampling procedure with venepuncture under two different conditions: in skin-to-skin contact with their mother or lying in their incubator or crib. A double-channel NIRS device was used and oxygen saturation and heart rate were measured using pulse oximetry. The infant's face and the pulse oximetry values were videotaped throughout the procedures, so that we could carry out a pain assessment using the Premature Infant Pain Profile - Revised (PIPP-R).Results: We found a significantly smaller increase in oxygenated haemoglobin on the contralateral side during venepuncture when the infants were in skin-to-skin contact with their mothers, compared to when they were laying in their incubator or crib. When venepuncture was compared with a sham procedure, oxygenated haemoglobin increased significantly more with the infant in the incubator or crib than held skin-to-skin, but no significant differences could be seen in the PIPP-R results between the two groups.Conclusion: This study showed that skin-to-skin contact between premature infants and their mothers during venepuncture had a pain-relieving effect.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Thunberg, Gunilla, 1960, et al.
(författare)
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Autism, communication and use of a speech-generating device in different environments – a case study
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Assistive Technologies. - : Emerald. - 1754-9450. ; 5:4, s. 181-198
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – This paper aims to examine interaction patterns in two activities at home and one activity at school when a seven-year-old boy with autism and learning disabilities was supplied with a speech-generating device (SGD). Design/methodology/approach – Activity-based communication analysis (ACA) was used as the basis for analysing and discussing of communicative behaviours in video recordings made before and during SGD intervention. The coded communicative behaviours were engagement in activity, role in turn-taking and communicative form, function and effectiveness. Conversational topics were also analysed. Findings – Activity characteristics seemed important for the outcome. In the two more structured activities (story reading at home and morning circle at school), the child could use the SGD to communicate more effectively within the given frames. During mealtime at home, topic length increased and the instruction to the parents to also use the SGD resulted in positive changes in this activity. ACA highlighted some important issues related to SGD intervention, such as use for expression of communicative needs and access to suitable vocabulary. There also seems to be a need for more guidance to communication partners with respect to the use of communicative strategies to support communication and machine-mediated interaction. Originality/value – Research of the effects of augmentative and alternative communication techniques used in natural interaction is almost non-existent. This case study, therefore, is an important contribution to the field and provides some insights into the challenge of using an electronic device in natural interaction.
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| 7. |
- Thunberg, Gunilla, 1960, et al.
(författare)
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Children with autistic spectrum disorders and speech‐generating devices: Communication in different activities at home
- 2007
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Ingår i: Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1464-5076 .- 0269-9206. ; 21:6, s. 457-479
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The communication of four children with autistic spectrum disorder was investigated when they were supplied with a speech‐generating device (SGD) in three different activities in their home environment: mealtime, story reading and “sharing experiences of the preschool day”. An activity based communication analysis, in which collective and individual background factors for the activities were outlined, was used as a basis for the discussion of linguistic coding data derived from video‐recordings made before and during SGD intervention. The coded communicative behaviours were engagement in activity, role in turn‐taking, communicative form, function and effectiveness. An increase in communicative effectiveness was more noticeable when the SGDs could be used to fulfil goals and roles within the activity. The instruction to the parents to use the SGDs in their communication with the child had an important influence on the activities.
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| 8. |
- Thunberg, Gunilla, 1960, et al.
(författare)
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Interaction and Use of Speech-Generating Devices in the Homes of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders–An Analysis of Conversational Topics
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Special Education Technology. - : Council for Exceptional Children. - 0162-6434. ; 24:2, s. 1-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This project investigated the communication of four children with autism spectrum disorders, who used a speech-generating device (SGD) in one or two selected activities in their home environment. The children were between five and seven years of age. The conversational topics introduced by the children and their parents were analyzed. The introduction of the SGD increased conversational interaction, as measured by topic length, for all children in five of the six activities studied. The analysis of topics showed that conversation within the “ongoing activity” increased and that the irrelevant speech used by the two more verbal children was reduced with access to the SGD.
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| 9. |
- Thunberg, Gunilla, 1960, et al.
(författare)
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Speech-Generating Devices Used at Home by Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders : A Preliminary Assessment
- 2009
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Ingår i: Focus on Autism and other developmental disabilities. - : Sage Publications, Inc.. - 1088-3576 .- 1538-4829. ; 24:2, s. 104-114
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Three children diagnosed within the autism spectrum between the ages of 5 and 7 years at different stages of communication development were supplied with speech-generating devices (SGDs) in their homes. The parents were taught to introduce the SGDs into home routines and the effects were evaluated naturalistically. Videotapes recorded by the parents before and during SGD use were coded with respect to communication effectiveness, mode, role in turn taking, and engagement in activity. Findings varied among the children and activities, but an increased level of communication effectiveness was seen during SGD use for all children. Variations of outcome among the three children and factors of importance for effective SGD use in the homes of children with autism spectrum disorders are discussed.
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