| 1. |
- Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O., et al.
(författare)
-
Determinants of morbidity and mortality following emergency abdominal surgery in children in low-income and middle-income countries
- 2016
-
Ingår i: BMJ Global Health. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2059-7908. ; 1:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Child health is a key priority on the global health agenda, yet the provision of essential and emergency surgery in children is patchy in resource-poor regions. This study was aimed to determine the mortality risk for emergency abdominal paediatric surgery in low-income countries globally.Methods: Multicentre, international, prospective, cohort study. Self-selected surgical units performing emergency abdominal surgery submitted prespecified data for consecutive children aged <16 years during a 2-week period between July and December 2014. The United Nation's Human Development Index (HDI) was used to stratify countries. The main outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality, analysed by multilevel logistic regression.Results: This study included 1409 patients from 253 centres in 43 countries; 282 children were under 2 years of age. Among them, 265 (18.8%) were from low-HDI, 450 (31.9%) from middle-HDI and 694 (49.3%) from high-HDI countries. The most common operations performed were appendectomy, small bowel resection, pyloromyotomy and correction of intussusception. After adjustment for patient and hospital risk factors, child mortality at 30 days was significantly higher in low-HDI (adjusted OR 7.14 (95% CI 2.52 to 20.23), p<0.001) and middle-HDI (4.42 (1.44 to 13.56), p=0.009) countries compared with high-HDI countries, translating to 40 excess deaths per 1000 procedures performed.Conclusions: Adjusted mortality in children following emergency abdominal surgery may be as high as 7 times greater in low-HDI and middle-HDI countries compared with high-HDI countries. Effective provision of emergency essential surgery should be a key priority for global child health agendas.
|
|
| 2. |
- Thomas, HS, et al.
(författare)
-
- 2019
-
swepub:Mat__t
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Ahmed, Zakir, et al.
(författare)
-
A time domain based efficient block decision algorithm for audio coders
- 2007
-
Ingår i: International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies, 2007. ISCIT '07. - : IEEE Press. - 9781424409761 ; , s. 1077-1081
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In typical audio encoders the block decision is done either using time-domain techniques like energy computation or frequency domain techniques like temporal noise shaping (TNS) [1], [2]. The time-domain energy computation based decisions are less effective for detecting many of the stringent scenarios presented by test cases like castanets and fatboy. The frequency domain based algorithms have better decision making capabilities, however they are inherently complex as they require the computation of the FFT, additionally in case of TNS the computation of LPC (Linear Prediction coding) in the frequency domain. An improved time-domain technique with better block decision capability compared to TNS and with lesser computational complexity is proposed in this paper.
|
|
| 5. |
- Ahmed, Zakir, et al.
(författare)
-
Blind mechanism for the joint estimation of frequency offset and phase offset for QAM modulated signals
- 2010
-
Patent (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- A mechanism for jointly correcting carrier phase and carrier frequency errors in a demodulated signal. A computer system may receive samples of a baseband input signal (resulting from QAM demodulation). The computer system may compute values of a cost function J over a grid in a 2D angle-frequency space. A cost function value J(theta,omega) is computed for each point (theta,omega) in the grid by (a) applying a phase adjustment of angle theta and a frequency adjustment of frequency omega to the input signal; (b) performing one or more iterations of the K-means algorithm on the samples of the adjusted signal; (c) generated a sum on each K-means cluster; and (d) adding the sums. The point (thetae,omegae) in the 2D angle-frequency space that minimizes the cost function J serves an estimate for the carrier phase error and carrier frequency error.; The estimated errors may be used to correct the input signal.
|
|
| 6. |
- Ahmed, Zakir, et al.
(författare)
-
Estimation of Sample Clock Frequency Offset Using Error Vector Magnitude
- 2011
-
Patent (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- A low complexity system and method for operating a receiver in order to estimate an offset between the actual sample clock rate 1/TS' of a receiver and an intended sample clock rate 1/TS. The receiver captures samples of a received baseband signal at the rate 1/TS', operates on the captured samples to generate an estimate for the clock rate offset, and fractionally resamples the captured samples using the clock rate offset. The resampled data represents an estimate of baseband symbols transmitted by the transmitter. The action of operating on the captured samples involves computing an error vector signal and then estimating the clock rate offset using the error vector signal. The error vector signal may be computed in different ways depending on whether or not carrier frequency offset and carrier phase offset are assumed to be present in the received baseband signal.
|
|
| 7. |
- Ahmed, Zakir, et al.
(författare)
-
Maximizing the Viterbi Winning Path Metric to Estimate Carrier Frequency and Phase Offsets in Continuous Phase Modulated Signals
- 2012
-
Patent (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- A system and method for estimating carrier frequency offset Δf and carrier phase offset φ0 inherent in a received CPM signal. Samples of a continuous phase modulated (CPM) signal are received. A maximum of an objective function J is determined over a two-dimensional region parameterized by frequency offset v and phase offset w. The coordinates vmax and wmax of a maximizing point in the region represent estimates of the carrier frequency offset Δf and the carrier phase offset φ0. To evaluate the objective function J at a point (v, w), apply a frequency shift of amount −v and a phase shift of amount −w to the received samples to obtain modified samples, and perform Viterbi demodulation on the modified samples to obtain a winning path metric value at a final time. The winning path metric value is the objective function value J(v, w).
|
|
| 8. |
- Hasan, Badrul, et al.
(författare)
-
Fecal carriage of multi-drug resistant and extended spectrum beta-lactamases producing E. coli in household pigeons, Bangladesh
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Veterinary Microbiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-1135 .- 1873-2542. ; 168:1, s. 221-224
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Antibiotic resistance and ESBL constitute a risk to human and animal health. Birds residing close to humans could mirror the spectrum of human associated antibiotic resistance. Household pigeons were screened in Bangladesh to shed light on human associated, as well as, environmental antibiotic resistance. Escherichia coil from pigeons (n = 150) were tested against 11 antibiotics. 89% E. coil isolates were resistant to one or more critically important human antibiotics like ampicillin, cefadroxil, mecillinam, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin and tigecycline. No carbapenamase-producers were detected and the lower ESBL prevalence (5%) in pigeons. ESBL-producing E. coil isolates had bla(CTX-M_15) genes. Pigeons shared some bacterial clones and had bird associated sequence types like E. coil ST1408. Fecal carriage of bacteria resistance of critically important human antibiotics, together with examples of shared genotypes among pigeons, indicate the human-birds and bird to bird transmissions are important in the epidemiology of antibiotic resistance.
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Rupp, Craig, et al.
(författare)
-
Unit Testing and Analysis Using a Stored Reference Signal
- 2014
-
Patent (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Method and system for a test process. The method may include performing tests on one or more units under test (UUTs). At least one test on one or more UUTs may be performed. A signal may be acquired from the UUT. A reference signal may be retrieved. The reference signal may be derived from a transmitted signal characteristic of the UUT. The signal may be analyzed with respect to the reference signal. Results, useable to characterize the one or more UUTs, from performing the at least one test on the one or more UUTs may be stored. The reference signal may be derived from an initial test and may be stored for subsequent retrieval. A respective reference signal may be retrieved for all UUTs of the one or more UUTs for a respective test. The signal may be a radio frequency signal. The UUT may be a wireless mobile device.
|
|
