| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Kvarnemo, C, et al.
(författare)
-
The dynamics of operational sex ratios and competition for mates
- 1996
-
Ingår i: TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION. - : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. ; 11:10, s. 404-408
-
Recension (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In sexually reproducing animals, individuals of one sex may have to compete for access to mating partners of the opposite sex. The operational sex ratio (OSR) is central in predicting the intensity of mating competition and which sex is competing for whic
|
|
| 4. |
- Ostlund, S, et al.
(författare)
-
Female fifteen-spined sticklebacks prefer better fathers
- 1998
-
Ingår i: ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR. - : ACADEMIC PRESS LTD. - 0003-3472. ; 56, s. 1177-1183
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We studied how male fifteen-spined sticklebacks, Spinachia spinachia, vary in paternal competence, whether males advertise their competence and whether females prefer better fathers. In this species the male alone provides care for the offspring through n
|
|
| 5. |
- Sagebakken, Gry, 1979, et al.
(författare)
-
Nutritional state - a survival kit for brooding pipefish fathers
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. - 0024-4066. ; 121:2, s. 312-318
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A parent's nutritional state may influence its ability to provide care to offspring and ability to handle infections. In the broad-nosed pipefish, Syngnathus typhle, males care for their offspring by brooding the developing embryos in a brood pouch, providing nutrients and oxygen, resembling a pregnancy. Here, we demonstrate that the nutritional state of pregnant males covaries with their own survival during a selective event. Brooding males surviving a Vibrio sp. infection were in a significantly better nutritional state, as estimated by their hepatosomatic index. Furthermore, a higher nutritional state of the brooding male correlated with a lower embryo mortality, while feeding treatment (low vs. high) had no effect on male survival, nutritional state or embryo mortality. Finally, males brooding heavier embryos also showed a lower embryo mortality. This may reflect a maternal effect (if large eggs result in higher embryo survival), a paternal effect (if higher provisioning of male care promotes both embryo growth and survival), or a combination thereof (males caring more for large embryos). The results demonstrate the importance of a good nutritional state for a caring parent when their immunity is challenged.
|
|
