| 1. |
- Ahmadi, Fereshteh, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
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How has the University Community Been Coping During the COVID-19 Pandemic? : An Iranian Survey
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Sociology. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2297-7775. ; 6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: The present study, one of the first to look at COVID-19 and coping in Iran, aimed at mapping, describing and understanding the coping methods academics employ as protective resources to deal with the psychological challenges and social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic. We specifically aimed at identifying the meaning-making coping methods used and understanding the influence of culture. The guiding research question has been: Are there differences in meaning-making coping methods by gender, age group, work/student status, and place of residence?Design: The study, which used convenience sampling, was a quantitative inquiry. It employed a modified version of the RCOPE scale among faculty/staff members and students in Iran (n = 196, 75% women).Results: The most frequently used coping method among all subgroups of the study sample was thinking that life is part of a greater whole, followed by praying to Allah/God. The least used coping methods were the negative religious ones. Gender differences were found for being alone and contemplating, stronger for men. Thinking that life is part of a greater whole was found mainly among on-campus students. Praying to Allah/God was most common among the youngest staff and students, as well as among women. Two segments of respondents were discovered-the Theists and Non-theists-where the former used more religious coping methods, were more likely to be women, older staff and students, on-campus students, married, have children, and lived in capital.Conclusions: Our conclusion is that the RCOPE methods, which include religious and spiritual meaning-making methods, are of great importance to the studied Iranian informants. However, they use some secular existential meaning-making coping strategies too. This is explained by the role of religion in the larger orientation system and frame of reference in parallel with a secular worldview. Further, a sharp distinction between religious and secular worldviews was not found, which is explained by the fact that secular norms are hardly internalized in ways of thinking in Iran.
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| 2. |
- Ahmadi, Fereshteh, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
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Job Satisfaction and Overcoming the Challenges of Teleworking in Times of COVID-19 : A Pilot Study Among Iranian University Community
- 2023
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Ingår i: SAGE Open. - : SAGE Publications. - 2158-2440. ; 13:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The coronavirus pandemic changed the academic world in many ways, and most academic institutions continue operating through teleworking. The aim of the present study was to determine how satisfied the university community (faculty/staff members and students) in Iran has been with remote work, and the ways in which they have dealt with the lockdown and working from home during the coronavirus pandemic. A survey was conducted among 196 academics from different universities in Iran. The results show that a majority of our participants (54%) are very or somewhat satisfied with the current work-from-home arrangement. The most frequently used methods for managing the challenges of teleworking were social contacts with colleagues or classmates at a distance, solidarity and offering kindness and support to the people around them. The least used coping method was trusting state or local health authorities in Iran. The coping strategies that have the highest impact on overall teleworking satisfaction are "Make myself busy with my working day because it makes me feel useful,""I care for my mental and physical health," and "Think about what I can do rather than what I can't do." The findings were discussed in detail, taking into consideration the theoretical approaches, as well as bringing forth more dynamic aspects of the culture.
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| 3. |
- Ahmadi, Fereshteh, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
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Meaning-making coping with COVID-19 in academic settings: the case of Sweden
- 2022
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Ingår i: Illness, crisis and loss. - : Sage. - 1054-1373 .- 1552-6968. ; 30:4, s. 770-794
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, we map and describe the coping methods used by members of the university community in Sweden to deal with the first wave of the coronavirus pandemic. This study, which used simple random sampling, was quantitative. It employed a modified version of the RCOPE instrument as well as items from earlier studies of meaning-making coping in Sweden. Among participants (n = 277, 64% women), the most frequently used coping method was nature as a resource in dealing with stress and sadness, followed by listening to the sounds of surrounding nature and thinking of life as part of a greater whole; these coping methods were the most common in all subgroups studied. We used a cultural perspective to better understand the application of certain meaning-making coping methods.
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| 4. |
- Akhavan, Sharareh, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Health in relation to unemployment and sick leave among immigrants in Sweden from a gender perspective
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of Immigrant Health. ; 6:3, s. 103-118
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to analyze health in relation to unemployment and sick leave among immigrants from a gender perspective. Questionnaire, observations, and group discussions were used for data collection. The study group consisted of 60 unemployed persons with immigrant or refugee background, 30 women and 30 men. Slightly more than half of the participants considered theirhealth to be poor and experienced physical and/or mental disorders. The female participants in comparison to male participants experienced poorer health. The results show that there is a reciprocal influence between health, work, and migration. Immigration may cause poor health, which as a selection effect leads to unemployment and/or sick leave. Immigration may also bring about an inferior position in the labor market, which leads to poor health due to exposure effects. The influence on health is more marked for immigrant women than for immigrant men.
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| 5. |
- Akhavan, Sharareh, 1963-
(författare)
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Healthcare for Women and Girls Who Have Been Subjected to Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting (FGM/C)
- 2020
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Ingår i: HEALTH SCOPE. - : KOWSAR PUBL. - 2251-8959 .- 2251-9513. ; 9:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) may increase the risk of health consequences in girls and women. Public health policies and guidelines on providing care for this target group should be implemented in the healthcare services. Objectives: The aim of this brief report was to introduce innovations in Swedish healthcare for women and girls who have been subjected to FGM/C in order to advance our knowledge and understanding the adoption, implementation, and potential scale-up of healthcare services for this target group in Iran. Methods: Data were collected from a register study, an inventory of regional guidelines in Sweden, and a literature review. Results: The results show that care offers can be categorized as obstetric and gynecological care, psychosexual consulting, and plastic surgery. The results can be adapted and implemented in an Iranian context by preparing guidelines for providing care for this target group at the region, province, and country level. Conclusions: Another suggestion for improvement of care for women and girls exposed to FGM/C in Iran is the use of diagnosis codes recommended by WHO to register, map, and follow up these patients. Obstetric and gynecological, plastic surgery, psychosexual consulting may be recommended to provide person-centered care.
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| 6. |
- Akhavan, Sharareh, 1963-
(författare)
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Iranian Healthcare System and Raising Wave of Privatization : A Literature Review
- 2021
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Ingår i: HEALTH SCOPE. - : KOWSAR PUBL. - 2251-8959 .- 2251-9513. ; 10:3
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: This study aimed to systematically review the literature on the Iranian healthcare system in the time of increasing privatization. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted using MEDLINE, CINAHL, APA PschInfo, and Cochrane databases to identify various concepts in the literature concerning the privatization of healthcare in Iran between September and November 2020. All the included articles were assessed using the John Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice Research tool. In addition, grey literature was searched using Google targeted at academic websites and key organizations and online newspapers and magazines in the Persian language. This screening resulted in a total of 70 articles, reports, and documents. The PRISMA guidelines were followed for abstracting data and assessing the quality of the studies. Results: Six health-related items were identified at the time of increased privatization in the healthcare system. These items consisted of medical establishments, accessibility, and privatization, catastrophic health expenditure (CHE), out-of-pocket payment (OOP), health inequality, privatization, and healthcare providers, and the policy and finance of privatization. Conclusions: The review identified that the process of privatization of the healthcare system in Iran occurred with poor monitoring and evaluation mechanisms. Privatization rested on neoliberal arguments, and for-profit care has worsened healthcare performance and created an unfair, expensive healthcare system of lower quality in Iran.
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| 7. |
- Akhavan, Sharareh, 1963-
(författare)
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Patienters uppfattning om Vård på lika villkor
- 2015
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Ingår i: Socialmedicinsk Tidskrift. - 0037-833X. ; 92:2, s. 189-199
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Att ta reda på patienternas uppfattningar om vård och de välfärdstjänster som samhället erbjuder är viktig för att kunna kvalitetsutveckla vården. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka patienternas perspektiv om jämlikhet i vård samt deras idéer om metoder för att utveckla en mer jämlik vård. För att nå syftet används kvalitativ metod i form av intervjuer med patienter och representanter för patientföreningar. Resultatet visar att patienter anser att läkarkontinuitet, tid vid besök, tillgänglighet, kommunikation och bemötande kan utvecklas och blir bättre för att en mer jämlik vård ska uppnås.
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| 8. |
- Akhavan, Sharareh, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Practice and Policy in Promoting Health and Equity –experiences from a national project in primary health care in Sweden
- 2016
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The Swedish Health Care Law requires the health system to provide good care on equal terms to all. However, several reports from different governmental agencies have revealed that health care is uneven in quality, lacking in accessibility, and not offered on equal terms to all people. Recent public health reports show that inequalities in health in the population have increased. To provide health care on equal terms has become a challenge for health care.In order to apply methods for developing practice and policy in promoting health and equity the Swedish Association of Local Authorities and Regions developed and implemented a national project entitled Care on Equal Terms. The project began in 2011 and was completed in 2014 at seven Primary Health Care Units (PHCUs) in five regions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of this project.Methods: Based on a program theoretical approach an evaluation design was developed which included process, results and economical evaluation. In the data collection and analysis mixed methods were applied.Results: According to the process evaluation, seven different strategies were applied in the process to develop primary health care on equal terms. One of the key observations was that in order to achieve health on more equal terms, health care needs to be provided on unequal terms, i. e. more needs to be done to reach those who need more assistance to access health services. Health promotion was one of the applied strategies and it was the most common strategy at some of the health care centers with the aim of developing patients' knowledge, awareness and understanding about health, care and self-care. The results evaluation showed that the PHCUs staff identified structural and organizational factors in health care as important factors for developing health promotion and equity in access. The health economic evaluation showed that the costs for implementing the activities for an improved equity were limited. Yet the majority of the PHCUs thought that the detailed regulation of their financing and reporting requirements were a limitation in their work for improved equity. Four of five county councils have recently introduced a primary care provider payment system (ACG) which may not be supportive of efforts to improve equity in access.Conclusions: It is possible to develop and maintain practices that can contribute to more equitable care and increase health care personnel’s awareness about practice and policy in promoting health and equity.
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| 9. |
- Akhavan, Sharareh, 1963-
(författare)
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Promoting Equity in Primary Health Care
- 2015
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Ingår i: Primary Health Care. - : OMICS Publishing Group. - 2167-1079. ; 5:216
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Equity in access to primary health care services is a central objective of the Swedish health care system. Yet, several reports have illustrated that disparities still exist in the primary health sector, and have increased since the beginning of the 1990s. This commentary analyzes and explains the reasons for continuing inequality in access to and utilization of primary health care services in a welfare system. Social and structural factors, communication, macro-sociological aspects and health care providers’ attitudes and perceptions are discussed as substantial contributors to inequality in access to and utilization of primary health care services. In conclusion, some intervention strategies for promoting more equitable primary health care are suggested.
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| 10. |
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