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- Khanal, Siraj, et al.
(författare)
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Stationary BES Coupled with Solar PV for an Energy Shared Home with an EV
- 2023
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Ingår i: 2023 IEEE International Conference on Energy Technologies for Future Grids, ETFG 2023.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study examines the optimal combination of stationary battery energy storage (SBES) and solar photovoltaic (SPV) components for grid-tied homes with electric vehicle (EV) when electricity is shared with a neighbor. In this paper, Load-1 refers to the home with SPV-SBES and EV that shares electricity with Load-2. The optimization is performed to obtain the lowest possible cost of electricity (COE) for Load-1 and to reduce the COE for Load-2 over the project lifespan, considering the design constraints. Utilizing realistic yearly data of the solar irradiance, temperature, load consumption of each dwelling, and EV, the capacity of SPV and SBES is determined to achieve optimal results. The time of departure, the time of arrival, and the initial state of charge at the time of arrival are all subject to EV uncertainty. The devised optimization method is applicable to all grid-connected homes that are willing to share their electricity with a neighbor. The configuration is subjected to sensitivity, uncertainty, and operational analysis when energy is shared between households and L1 has SPV, SBES, and EV.
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| 2. |
- Khezri, Rahmatollah, 1989, et al.
(författare)
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Multiobjective Long-Period Optimal Planning Model for a Grid-Connected Renewable-Battery System
- 2022
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. - 0093-9994 .- 1939-9367. ; 58:4, s. 5055-5067
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article develops a practical framework for the multiobjective optimal planning of a grid-connected renewable-battery system considering a long-period operation. The capacities of wind turbine, solar photovoltaic (PV), and battery storage are optimized by minimizing three objective functions: cost of electricity (COE), grid dependence (GD), and total curtailed energy (TCE). A new rule-based energy management is developed for the long-period operation, where: 1) the capacity degradations of PV and battery are applied; 2) purchase and sell electricity prices are updated for each year using interest and escalation rates; and 3) the salvation value of the components is considered to achieve a realistic economic analysis of the planning problem. The developed multiobjective optimal planning model is examined using the long-period (ten years) real data of wind speed, solar insolation, ambient temperature, and load consumption for a grid-connected household in Australia. It is found that a household with the minimum GD (0.008%) results in a COE of 116 ¢/kWh with a TCE of 100 MWh in ten years. The proposed optimal planning framework based on the long-period operation is compared with the short-period operation.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Stadler, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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Control of greenhouse gas emissions by optimal DER technology investment and energy management in zero-net-energy buildings
- 2011
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Ingår i: European transactions on electrical power. - : Wiley. - 1430-144X .- 1546-3109. ; 21:2, s. 1291-1309
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The U.S. Department of Energy has launched the commercial building initiative (CBI) in pursuit of its research goal of achieving zero-net-energy commercial buildings (ZNEB), i.e., ones that produce as much energy as they use. Its objective is to make these buildings marketable by 2025 such that they minimize their energy use through cutting-edge, energy-efficiency technologies and meet their remaining energy needs through on-site renewable energy generation. This paper examines how such buildings may be implemented within the context of a cost-or CO2-minimizing microgrid that is able to adopt and operate various technologies: photovoltaic (PV) modules and other on-site generation, heat exchangers, solar thermal collectors, absorption chillers, and passive/demand-response technologies. A mixed-integer linear program (MILP) that has a multi-criteria objective function is used. The objective is minimization of a weighted average of the building's annual energy costs and CO2 emissions. The MILP's constraints ensure energy balance and capacity limits. In addition, constraining the building's energy consumed to equal its energy exports enables us to explore how energy sales and demand-response measures may enable compliance with the ZNEB objective. Using a commercial test site in northern California with existing tariff rates and technology data, we find that a ZNEB requires ample PV capacity installed to ensure electricity sales during the day. This is complemented by investment in energy-efficient combined heat and power (CHP) equipment, while occasional demand response saves energy consumption. A large amount of storage is also adopted, which may be impractical. Nevertheless, it shows the nature of the solutions and costs necessary to achieve a ZNEB. Additionally, the ZNEB approach does not necessary lead to zero-carbon (ZC) buildings as is frequently argued. We also show a multi-objective frontier for the CA example, which allows us to estimate the needed technologies and costs for achieving a ZC building or microgrid.
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