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| 2. |
- Butler-Laporte, G, et al.
(författare)
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Exome-wide association study to identify rare variants influencing COVID-19 outcomes: Results from the Host Genetics Initiative
- 2022
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Ingår i: PLoS genetics. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1553-7404 .- 1553-7390. ; 18:11, s. e1010367-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Host genetics is a key determinant of COVID-19 outcomes. Previously, the COVID-19 Host Genetics Initiative genome-wide association study used common variants to identify multiple loci associated with COVID-19 outcomes. However, variants with the largest impact on COVID-19 outcomes are expected to be rare in the population. Hence, studying rare variants may provide additional insights into disease susceptibility and pathogenesis, thereby informing therapeutics development. Here, we combined whole-exome and whole-genome sequencing from 21 cohorts across 12 countries and performed rare variant exome-wide burden analyses for COVID-19 outcomes. In an analysis of 5,085 severe disease cases and 571,737 controls, we observed that carrying a rare deleterious variant in the SARS-CoV-2 sensor toll-like receptor TLR7 (on chromosome X) was associated with a 5.3-fold increase in severe disease (95% CI: 2.75–10.05, p = 5.41x10-7). This association was consistent across sexes. These results further support TLR7 as a genetic determinant of severe disease and suggest that larger studies on rare variants influencing COVID-19 outcomes could provide additional insights.
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| 4. |
- Giri, Anupam, et al.
(författare)
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Rational surface modification of Mn3O4 nanoparticles to induce multiple photoluminescence and room temperature ferromagnetism
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Materials Chemistry C. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2050-7526 .- 2050-7534. ; 1:9, s. 1885-1895
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Surface modification can have a significant influence on the materials behavior at the nanoscale and can lead to nanostructures with novel properties. Here, we demonstrate the surface modification induced multiple photoluminescence and room temperature ferromagnetic activation of Mn3O4 nanoparticles (NPs). Employing a systematic variation of the ligands, their functional groups and the structural position of the functional groups, we have identified the necessary and sufficient structural requirements of the surface co-ordinating ligands, in order to induce unprecedented optical/magnetic responses from the NPs. Using a multitude of spectroscopic techniques, we have investigated the mechanism behind the emergence of the multiple photoluminescence (PL), and it is revealed that the presence of a α-hydroxy carboxylate moiety in the ligands is necessary to activate the Jahn-Teller (J-T) splitting of Mn3+ ions on the NP surface and the corresponding d-d transitions along with the ligand-to-metal charge transfer transitions (LMCT, associated with Mn2+/3+-ligand interactions) is the key factor. However, the presence of a carboxylate group on the surface coordinating ligands is sufficient to activate the room temperature ferromagnetism of the NPs. Moreover, it has been observed that the ligands that induced the smallest crystal field splitting energy (CFSE) resulted in the strongest ferromagnetic activation of the NPs. Finally, the functionalized material has been identified as an efficient catalyst for the photo-degradation of a model cationic organic dye. Apart from the fundamental scientific interest, these results represent a promising route for the rational design of Mn 3O4 NPs adaptable to diverse applications.
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| 5. |
- Danwittayakul, Supamas, et al.
(författare)
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Enhanced hydrogen selectivity via photo-engineered surface defects for methanol steam reformation using zinc oxide-copper nanocomposite catalysts
- 2014
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Ingår i: Applied Catalysis A. - : Elsevier. - 0926-860X .- 1873-3875. ; 471, s. 63-69
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Methanol steam reformation (MSR) to produce hydrogen (H-2) gas using copper on zinc oxide (Cu/ZnO) supported catalysts is attractive due to the simple and low cost preparation process of the catalyst. H-2 yield from MSR is proportional to total catalyst loading which can be tuned during catalyst preparation. By creating UV-c light induced surface defects on ZnO nanorods, we have shown improved copper (Cu) nano-particle distribution on the ZnO nanorods leading to better H-2 yield. Increase in Cu nanoparticle adsorption is achieved by in situ reduction of Cu ions by photo-generated electrons, facilitated by ZnO surface defects that act as high energy sites favorable for Cu ion adsorption and their subsequent growth into nanoparticles. The modulated Cu/ZnO catalyst increases H-2 selectivity by 57% along with a corresponding increase in CO content, which can be controlled by adjusting H2O:MeOH ratio in the precursor solution.
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| 6. |
- Kyaw, H H, et al.
(författare)
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The influence of initial gold nanoparticles layer on migration of silver nanoparticles in silver/glass matrix
- 2019
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Ingår i: Thin Solid Films. - : Elsevier. - 1879-2731 .- 0040-6090. ; 685, s. 216-224
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A thin layer of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) was deposited on glass substrates followed by subsequent deposition of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on it. Both AuNPs and AgNPs layers were fabricated by DC magnetron sputtering with inert gas condensation technique. The effect of initial thin layer of AuNPs have on the transformation of AgNPs surface structure by post annealing at 500 degrees C and 600 degrees C in air was investigated. The influence of post annealing temperature on the surface morphology was studied by atomic force microscopy and post annealing at 500 degrees C reduce the size of AgNPs along with the formation of some AgNPs inside the glass matrix. At 600 degrees C, aggregation of AuNPs on the surface was observed and increased in the number of AgNPs that diffused into the glass matrix. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was employed to study the surface composition and chemical states. The temperature dependence of Ag diffusion into the glass matrix was characterised and observed by UV-visible absorption spectroscopy and cross sectional transmission electron microscopy. Furthermore, ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy revealed a new shoulder related to Au 6 s hybridized with Au 5d and Ag 4d bands in the 1-4 eV regions, which affirmed the metallic character of AgNPs/AuNPs/glass system at higher annealing temperature. By introducing AuNPs on glass prior to AgNPs deposition, novel properties such as limited Ag ion diffusion and evaporation were found and problems previously encountered in AgNPs/glass system were avoided. The proposed AgNPs/AuNPs/glass system can be useful in plasmonic applications such as chroma filters and photonic devices.
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| 7. |
- Laxman, K., et al.
(författare)
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Improved sensitization of zinc oxide nanorods by cadmium telluride quantum dots through charge induced hydrophilic surface generation
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Nanomaterials. - : Hindawi Publishing Corporation. - 1687-4110 .- 1687-4129. ; 2014
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper reports on UV-mediated enhancement in the sensitization of semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) on zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods, improving the charge transfer efficiency across the QD-ZnO interface. The improvement was primarily due to the reduction in the interfacial resistance achieved via the incorporation of UV light induced surface defects on zinc oxide nanorods. The photoinduced defects were characterized by XPS, FTIR, and water contact angle measurements, which demonstrated an increase in the surface defects (oxygen vacancies) in the ZnO crystal, leading to an increase in the active sites available for the QD attachment. As a proof of concept, a model cadmium telluride (CdTe) QD solar cell was fabricated using the defect engineered ZnO photoelectrodes, which showed ∼10% increase in photovoltage and ∼66% improvement in the photocurrent compared to the defect-free photoelectrodes. The improvement in the photocurrent was mainly attributed to the enhancement in the charge transfer efficiency across the defect rich QD-ZnO interface, which was indicated by the higher quenching of the CdTe QD photoluminescence upon sensitization.
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| 8. |
- Myint, Myo Tay Zar, et al.
(författare)
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Brackish water desalination by capacitive deionization using zinc oxide micro/nanostructures grafted on activated carbon cloth electrodes
- 2014
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Ingår i: Desalination. - : Elsevier. - 0011-9164 .- 1873-4464. ; 344, s. 236-242
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The fabrication of electrodes grafted with zinc oxide (ZnO) micro/nanomaterials (nanoparticles, nanorods, microsheets and microspheres) on activated carbon cloth (ACC) for water desalination by capacitive deionization (CDI) is reported. ZnO micro/nanomaterials were hydrothermally grown on ACC and used as electrodes in a flow cell for brackish water desalination. Morphology of ZnO structures on ACC surfaces was found to affect salt removal efficiency. The desalination experiments were carried out using 100 ppm sodium chloride (NaCl) solution employing a flow rate of 2 ml/min in a parallel plate configuration with an electrode area of similar to 8.4 cm(2) under an applied potential of 1.2 V (DC). Enhanced salt removal efficiency of 22% for ZnO microsheet grafted ACC electrodes as well as ZnO nanorod grafted ACC electrodes was achieved.
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