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- Thomas, HS, et al.
(författare)
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- 2019
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 2. |
- Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O., et al.
(författare)
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Determinants of morbidity and mortality following emergency abdominal surgery in children in low-income and middle-income countries
- 2016
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Ingår i: BMJ Global Health. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2059-7908. ; 1:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Child health is a key priority on the global health agenda, yet the provision of essential and emergency surgery in children is patchy in resource-poor regions. This study was aimed to determine the mortality risk for emergency abdominal paediatric surgery in low-income countries globally.Methods: Multicentre, international, prospective, cohort study. Self-selected surgical units performing emergency abdominal surgery submitted prespecified data for consecutive children aged <16 years during a 2-week period between July and December 2014. The United Nation's Human Development Index (HDI) was used to stratify countries. The main outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality, analysed by multilevel logistic regression.Results: This study included 1409 patients from 253 centres in 43 countries; 282 children were under 2 years of age. Among them, 265 (18.8%) were from low-HDI, 450 (31.9%) from middle-HDI and 694 (49.3%) from high-HDI countries. The most common operations performed were appendectomy, small bowel resection, pyloromyotomy and correction of intussusception. After adjustment for patient and hospital risk factors, child mortality at 30 days was significantly higher in low-HDI (adjusted OR 7.14 (95% CI 2.52 to 20.23), p<0.001) and middle-HDI (4.42 (1.44 to 13.56), p=0.009) countries compared with high-HDI countries, translating to 40 excess deaths per 1000 procedures performed.Conclusions: Adjusted mortality in children following emergency abdominal surgery may be as high as 7 times greater in low-HDI and middle-HDI countries compared with high-HDI countries. Effective provision of emergency essential surgery should be a key priority for global child health agendas.
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| 4. |
- Al Mulla, Anas H, et al.
(författare)
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Caries risk profiles in orthodontic patients at follow-up using Cariogram.
- 2009
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Ingår i: The Angle orthodontist. - : The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation). - 0003-3219 .- 1945-7103. ; 79:2, s. 323-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To analyze caries-related factors shortly after orthodontic treatment and to use the Cariogram computer program to describe caries risk profiles at follow-up in these patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred orthodontic patients age 12-29 years, with a mean age of 17.5 years, were included in the study. They were divided into two groups (50 in each) based on their prebonding decayed, filled surfaces index (DFS). High (5 > or = DFS) and low (2 < or = DFS) groups were created. All patients were examined after debonding in the following order: interview, plaque score, caries examination, saliva samples, bitewing radiographs, panoramic radiographs, and intra-oral digital photos. All types of carious lesions in both the enamel and dentine were diagnosed clinically and radiographically and included in the DFS index. A paraffin-stimulated whole saliva sample was collected for estimations of secretion rate, buffer capacity, and number of mutans streptococci and lactobacilli. RESULTS: The low caries group (2 < or = DFS) displayed a statistically significant difference and low values for the following factors, DFS (P < .001), lactobacilli (P < .001), mutans streptococci (P < .001), and high Cariogram percent (P < .001). The plaque index displayed very close significance (P = .051). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with high (5 > or = DFS) numbers before orthodontic treatment ran a higher risk of developing caries. They had significantly higher numbers of mutans streptococci and lactobacilli and had less chance of avoiding new cavities according to the Cariogram.
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| 5. |
- Al Mulla, Anas H, et al.
(författare)
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Modified fluoride toothpaste technique reduces caries in orthodontic patients: A longitudinal, randomized clinical trial.
- 2010
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Ingår i: American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics : official publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, its constituent societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1097-6752. ; 138:3, s. 285-91
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The hypothesis of this study was that toothpaste slurry rinsing, combined with other simple postbrushing steps (the modified fluoride toothpaste technique [MFTT]), would reduce the number of decayed and filled tooth surfaces.
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| 6. |
- Al Mulla, Anas H, et al.
(författare)
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The use of cariogram to evaluate caries-risk profiles in orthodontic patients.
- 2010
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Ingår i: World journal of orthodontics. - 1941-6741. ; 11:2, s. 160-167
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article describes the usefulness of Cariogram software in three orthodontic patients with high-, medium-, and low-risk caries profiles. Caries-related indicators and information needed for the Cariogram model were registered. The prebonding decayed and filled surfaces (DFS) indices for patient 1 (15-year-old girl) and patient 2 (18-year-old woman) were > 5, while in patient 3 (15-year-old boy), the DFS index was < 2. The data were entered into the interactive Cariogram software, which shows the various caries-related indicators. Patients 1, 2, and 3 had 6%, 58%, and 87%, respectively, actual chance of avoiding new caries. Patient 1 had high lactobacilli and medium mutans streptococci scores and a high caries risk. Patient 2 had a high DFS index and low buffer capacity, resulting in a medium caries risk. Patient 3 had low mutans streptococci and high lactobacilli scores and a low DFS index, resulting in a low caries risk. The Cariogram is available free online and is a useful educational model to illustrate a patient's caries risk. World J Orthod 2010;11:160-167.
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