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| 2. |
- Albertsson, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Calculated fission-fragment mass yields and average total kinetic energies of heavy and superheavy nuclei
- 2020
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6001 .- 1434-601X. ; 56:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fission-fragment mass and total-kinetic-energy (TKE) distributions following fission of even-even nuclides in the region 74 ≤ Z≤ 126 and 92 ≤ N≤ 230 , comprising 896 nuclides have been calculated using the Brownian shape-motion method. The emphasis is the region of superheavy nuclei. To show compatibility with earlier results the calculations are extended to include earlier studied regions. An island of asymmetric fission is obtained in the superheavy region, 106 ≤ Z≤ 114 and 162 ≤ N≤ 176 , where the heavy fragment is found to be close to 208Pb and the light fragment adjusts accordingly. Most experimentally observed α-decay chains of superheavy nuclei with Z> 113 terminate by spontaneous fission in our predicted region of asymmetric fission. In these cases, the pronounced large asymmetry is accompanied by a low TKE value compatible with measurements.
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| 3. |
- Albertsson, Martin
(författare)
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Nuclear fission and fusion in a random-walk model
- 2021
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This dissertation deals with theoretical descriptions of nuclear fission and synthesis of superheavy elements via fusion. The associated shape evolutions are treated using a random-walk approach where both the potential energy and the nuclear level density influence the dynamics. The dissertation consists of seven original research papers, and an introductory part providing background information and some additional details of the studies.Paper I contains results for fission-fragment neutron multiplicities in 235U(n,f) using an energy partition based on shape-dependent microscopic level densities.Paper II gives results regarding the energy dependence of fission-fragment neutron multiplicities in 235U(n,f), using the same method as in Paper I.Paper III presents calculations of fission-fragment mass and total-kinetic-energy distributions following fission of the fermium isotopes 256,258,260Fm at low excitation energies. A transition from asymmetric fission in 256Fm to symmetric fission in 258Fm is obtained with a correlated large change in total kinetic energy.Paper IV provides results of fission-fragment mass and total-kinetic-energy distributions following fission of even-even nuclei in the region 74 ≤ Z ≤ 126 and 92 ≤ N ≤ 230. An island of asymmetric fission is obtained in the superheavy region where the heavy fragment is found to be close to 208Pb and a corresponding light fragment.Paper V presents calculations of neutron multiplicities from fission fragments with specified mass numbers for events having a specified total fragment kinetic energy in 235U(n,f). With increasing neutron energy a superlong fission mode is found to grow increasingly prominent.Paper VI studies the persistence of the symmetric super-short fission mode versus both particle number and excitation energy of even fermium isotopes 254–268Fm.Paper VII investigates the shape dynamics in the fusion process in production of superheavy elements and how this competes with quasifission.
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| 4. |
- Albertsson-Wikland, Kerstin, 1947, et al.
(författare)
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Dose-dependent effect of growth hormone on final height in children with short stature without growth hormone deficiency
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 93:11, s. 4342-4350
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CONTEXT: The effect of GH therapy in short non-GH-deficient children, especially those with idiopathic short stature (ISS), has not been clearly established owing to the lack of controlled trials continuing until final height (FH).OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect on growth to FH of two GH doses given to short children, mainly with ISS, compared with untreated controls.DESIGN AND SETTING: A randomized, controlled, long-term multicenter trial was conducted in Sweden.INTERVENTION: Two doses of GH (Genotropin) were administered, 33 or 67 microg/kg.d; control subjects were untreated.SUBJECTS: A total of 177 subjects with short stature were enrolled. Of these, 151 were included in the intent to treat (AllITT) population, and 108 in the per protocol (AllPP) population. Analysis of ISS subjects included 126 children in the ITT (ISSITT) population and 68 subjects in the PP (ISSPP) population.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: We measured FH sd score (SDS), difference in SDS to midparenteral height (diff MPHSDS), and gain in heightSDS.RESULTS: After 5.9+/-1.1 yr on GH therapy, the FHSDS in the AllPP population treated with GH vs. controls was -1.5+/-0.81 (33 microg/kg.d, -1.7+/-0.70; and 67 microg/kg.d, -1.4+/-0.86; P<0.032), vs. -2.4+/-0.85 (P<0.001); the diff MPHSDS was -0.2+/-1.0 vs. -1.0+/-0.74 (P<0.001); and the gain in heightSDS was 1.3+/-0.78 vs. 0.2+/-0.69 (P<0.001). GH therapy was safe and had no impact on time to onset of puberty. A dose-response relationship identified after 1 yr remained to FH for all growth outcome variables in all four populations.CONCLUSION: GH treatment significantly increased FH in ISS children in a dose-dependent manner, with a mean gain of 1.3 SDS (8 cm) and a broad range of response from no gain to 3 SDS compared to a mean gain of 0.2 SDS in the untreated controls.
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| 5. |
- Albertsson-Wikland, Kerstin, 1947, et al.
(författare)
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Growth hormone dose-dependent pubertal growth : a randomized trial in short children with low growth hormone secretion
- 2014
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Ingår i: Hormone Research in Paediatrics. - : S. Karger AG. - 1663-2818 .- 1663-2826. ; 82:3, s. 158-170
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background/Aims: Growth hormone (GH) treatment regimens do not account for the pubertal increase in endogenous GH secretion. This study assessed whether increasing the GH dose and/or frequency of administration improves pubertal height gain and adult height (AH) in children with low GH secretion during stimulation tests, i. e. idiopathic isolated GH deficiency.Methods: A multicenter, randomized, clinical trial (No. 88-177) followed 111 children (96 boys) at study start from onset of puberty to AH who had received GH(33) mu g/kg/day for >= 1 year. They were randomized to receive 67 mu g/kg/day (GH(67)) given as one (GH(67x1); n = 35) or two daily injections (GH(33x2); n = 36), or to remain on a single 33 mu g/kg/day dose (GH(33x1); n = 40). Growth was assessed as height SDS gain for prepubertal, pubertal and total periods, as well as AH SDS versus the population and the midparental height.Results: Pubertal height SDS gain was greater for patients receiving a high dose (GH(67), 0.73) than a low dose (GH(33x1), 0.41, p < 0.05). AH(SDS) was greater on GH(67) (GH(67x1), -0.84; GH(33x2), -0.83) than GH(33) (-1.25, p < 0.05), and height SDS gain was greater on GH(67) than GH(33) (2.04 and 1.56, respectively; p < 0.01). All groups reached their target height SDS.Conclusion: Pubertal height SDS gain and AH SDS were dose dependent, with greater growth being observed for the GH(67) than the GH(33) randomization group; however, there were no differences between the once-and twice-daily GH(67) regimens. (C) 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel.
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| 6. |
- del Campo, Sergio Martin, et al.
(författare)
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FPGA prototype of machine learning analog-to-feature converter for event-based succinct representation of signals
- 2013
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Ingår i: IEEE International Workshop on Machine Learning for Signal Processing. - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE Signal Processing Society.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sparse signal models with learned dictionaries of morphological features provide efficient codes in a variety of applications. Such models can be useful to reduce sensor data rates and simplify the communication, processing and analysis of information, provided that the algorithm can be realized in an efficient way and that the signal allows for sparse coding. In this paper we outline an FPGA prototype of a general purpose "analog-to-feature converter", which learns an overcomplete dictionary of features from the input signal using matching pursuit and a form of Hebbian learning. The resulting code is sparse, event-based and suitable for analysis with parallel and neuromorphic processors. We present results of two case studies. The first case is a blind source separation problem where features are learned from an artificial signal with known features. We demonstrate that the learned features are qualitatively consistent with the true features. In the second case, features are learned from ball-bearing vibration data. We find that vibration signals from bearings with faults have characteristic features and codes, and that the event-based code enable a reduction of the data rate by at least one order of magnitude.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Hirlekar, Geir, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of data for comorbidity and survival in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
- 2018
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Ingår i: Data in Brief. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-3409. ; 21, s. 1541-1551
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The data presented in this article is supplementary to the research article titled "Comorbidity and survival in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest" (Hirlekar et al., 2018). The data contains information of how Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) is calculated and coded from ICD-10 codes. Multivariable logistic regression was used in the analysis of association between comorbidity and return of spontaneous circulation. We present baseline characteristics of patients found in VF/VT. All patients with non-missing data on all baseline variables are analyzed separately. We compare the baseline characteristics of patients with and without complete data set. Analysis of when comorbidity was identified in relation to outcome is also shown.
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| 9. |
- Hirlekar, Geir, et al.
(författare)
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Comorbidity and bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
- 2020
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Ingår i: Heart. - : BMJ. - 1355-6037 .- 1468-201X. ; 106:14, s. 1087-1093
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) performed before the arrival of emergency medical services (EMS) is associated with increased survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). The aim of this study was to determine whether patients who receive bystander CPR have a different comorbidity compared with patients who do not, and to determine the association between bystander CPR and 30-day survival when adjusting for such a possible difference. METHODS: Patients with witnessed OHCA in the Swedish Registry for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation between 2011 and 2015 were included, and merged with the National Patient Registry. The Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) was used to measure comorbidity. Multiple logistic regression was used to examine the effect of CCI on the association between bystander CPR and outcome. RESULTS: In total, 11 955 patients with OHCA were included, 71% of whom received bystander CPR. Patients who received bystander CPR had somewhat lower comorbidity (CCI) than those who did not (mean±SD: 2.2±2.3 vs 2.5±2.4; p<0.0001). However, this difference in comorbidity had no influence on the association between bystander CPR and 30-day survival in a multivariable model including other possible confounders (OR 2.34 (95% CI 2.01 to 2.74) without adjustment for CCI and OR 2.32 (95% CI 1.98 to 2.71) with adjustment for CCI). CONCLUSION: Patients who undergo CPR before the arrival of EMS have a somewhat lower degree of comorbidity than those who do not. Taking this difference into account, bystander CPR is still associated with a marked increase in 30-day survival after OHCA.
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| 10. |
- Hirlekar, Geir, et al.
(författare)
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Comorbidity and survival in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
- 2018
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Ingår i: Resuscitation. - : Elsevier BV. - 0300-9572 .- 1873-1570. ; 133, s. 118-123
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Patients suffering out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) have a poor prognosis but survival among subgroups differs greatly. Previous studies have shown conflicting results on whether patient comorbidity affects outcome. The aim of this national study was to investigate the effect of comorbidity on outcome after OHCA in Sweden.METHODS: We included all patients with bystander-witnessed OHCA from 2011 to 2015 in the national Swedish Registry of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. In order to assess comorbidity, the database was merged with the comprehensive National Patient Registry, which includes all out-patient and in-patient care in Sweden. The Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) and the specific comorbidity conditions constituting the CCI was used to identify whether comorbidity was associated with outcome.RESULTS: A total of 12,012 patients were included in the study. Of these, 1598 patients survived to 30 days (13%). The most common comorbidities were a history of congestive heart failure (29%), myocardial infarction (24%), and diabetes without complications (23%). Renal disease (odds ratio [OR] 0.53; 95% CI 0.53‒0.72), diabetes with complications (OR 0.65; 95% CI 0.49‒0.84), diabetes without complications (OR 0.63; 95% CI 0.52‒0.75), congestive heart failure (OR 0.84; 95% CI 0.71‒0.99), and metastatic carcinoma (OR 0.61; 95% CI 0.40‒0.93) were significantly associated with a reduced chance of 30-day survival when adjusted for demographic characteristics and also resuscitation-associated factors such as shockable initial rhythm, bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), and place of arrest. With increasing comorbidity, the chance of 30-day survival decreased: adjusted OR was 0.82 (59% CI 0.68-0.99) for CCI 3-4, 0.62 (95% CI 0.47-0.83) for CCI 5-6, and 0.51 (95% CI 0.36-0.72) for CCI > 6, respectively, all in relation to those with CCI 0-2. Additionally, increasing morbidity was associated with reduced odds of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and ROSC at hospital admission.CONCLUSION: This large national study showed that increasing comorbidity decreased the chance of survival to 30 days in OHCA. This association remained after covariate adjustment.
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