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- Albinsson, Anders
(författare)
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”De va svinhögt typ 250 kilo” : Förskolebarns mätande av längd, volym och tid i legoleken
- 2016
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose of the dissertation is to study, describe and analyses which comparative measurement activities preschool children construct and use, and how they solve problems and communicate when they use the comparative measurement activities whilst playing with Lego (“the Lego play”). The measurement activities chosen are length/height, quantity and time.The empirical material is based on data from two preschool classes with children aged 2 – 5 year, It was collected through participant observation (video captures) of the children’s Lego play. The theoretical starting points in this study are grounded in childhood sociology and the sociocultural perspective. The study assumes the childhood sociology perspective by viewing the children as competent and active in creating meaning as well as controlling and influencing their own and others’ social environment. The sociocultural perspective gives prominence to development and learning, and its related tools and concepts are used to analyses the results of the study. That is, the Lego play is studied in a social context from the child’s perspective, and the sociocultural perspective describes and analyses the child’s use of mathematics and the acquisition of knowledge in the Lego play in a sociocultural context.The results show that children measuring length/height and quantity explored a store of measurement tools in order to make comparisons, and adapted these to the context in question. These were own body, other body, artefacts, numbers and counting. The measurements were used individually and with others, and the solving of the own or shared problems constituted a large share of the time spent constructing models during Lego play. By contrast, the time concept was used mainly as a tool when the children played with their finished Lego models. Thus, a time perspective was added to the child’s finished model, which inspired thoughts and reflections about time used in the Lego play. The children used the time concepts of the present, the past and the future, and also considered the concept of velocity in the context of the timescale. The children’s communication had a large impact on the Lego play, and they expressed their ideas verbally, physically and through action. The children’s use of mathematics was prominent and meaningful during the Lego play.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Cunningham, Janet, et al.
(författare)
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Antibody Responses to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in the Serum and Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Neurological Symptoms
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Infectious Diseases. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0022-1899 .- 1537-6613. ; 225:6, s. 965-970
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Antibody responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from 16 patients with coronavirus disease 2019 and neurological symptoms were assessed using 2 independent methods. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) specific for the virus spike protein was found in 81% of patients in serum and in 56% in CSF. SARS-CoV-2 IgG in CSF was observed in 2 patients with negative serological findings. Levels of IgG in both serum and CSF were associated with disease severity (P < .05). All patients with elevated markers of central nervous system damage in CSF also had CSF antibodies (P = .002), and CSF antibodies had the highest predictive value for neuronal damage markers of all tested clinical variables.
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| 4. |
- Cunningham, Janet L, et al.
(författare)
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Anti-SARS-CoV2 antibody responses in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of COVID-19 patients with neurological symptoms.
- 2022
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Ingår i: The Journal of infectious diseases. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1537-6613 .- 0022-1899. ; 225:6, s. 965-970
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in serum and CSF from 16 COVID-19 patients with neurological symptoms were assessed using two independent methods. IgG specific for the virus spike protein was found in 81% of cases in serum and in 56% in CSF. SARS-CoV-2 IgG in CSF was observed in two cases with negative serology. Levels of IgG in both serum and CSF were associated with disease severity (p<0.05). All patients with elevated markers of CNS damage in CSF also had CSF antibodies (p=0.002), and CSF antibodies had the highest predictive value for neuronal damage markers of all tested clinical variables.
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| 5. |
- Engström, Sven, et al.
(författare)
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Hög personlig läkarkontinuitet i primärvård förenad med färre besök på akutmottagning : En populationsbaserad studie i Jönköpings sjukvårdsregion
- 2019
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - : Läkartidningen Förlag. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 116:51-52
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- HUVUDBUDSKAPHög personlig läkarkontinuitet i primärvård var förenad med lägre antal läkarbesök på akutmottagningar.Sambandet mellan hög personlig läkarkontinuitet och lägre antal läkarbesök på akutmottagning var störst för gruppen yngre vuxna.God tillgänglighet till läkarbesök på vårdcentral var inte förenad med lägre antal akutmottagningsbesök.God tillgänglighet till telefonrådgivning av sjuksköterska på vårdcentral var inte förenad med lägre antal akutmottagningsbesök.
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| 6. |
- Engström, Sven, et al.
(författare)
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Hög personlig läkarkontinuitet i primärvård förenad med färre besök på akutmottagning [Personal physician continuity in primary care associated with fewer emergency room visits]
- 2019
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - Stockholm, Sweden : Sveriges Läkarförbund. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 116
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Overloading of the emergency departments in hospitals is, in Sweden, a common problem that is often blamed on lack of access to primary care. We have conducted a cross-sectional study comprising more than 40% of the 347 837 inhabitants of Region Jönköping with access to complete individual data on healthcare consumption, personal doctor continuity, socio-economics, and accessibility data for all of the regions health centres. Individuals with high personal continuity at their own health centre had significantly fewer emergency room visits compared to those with the lowest continuity: for younger adults 55% and for elderly 34% fewer emergency room visits. Access to doctor consultations or to counselling nurses in primary care was not associated with a lower number of emergency room visits. Our results show the importance of personal doctor continuity also for the group of younger adults.
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| 7. |
- Johansson, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Direct and amplifying effects of the ß-adrenoceptor antagonist propranolol on guinea pig airway contractility in vitro
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In the present study we establish that the ß-AA antagonist propranolol can, besides its ß-AR blocking effect, either amplify or direct induce a contraction in guinea pig airway preparations, in vitro.Propranolol significantly enhanced the contractile response to ovalbumin (OA). The enhancement was reduced by capsaicin but insensitive to indomethacin pretreatment. These results suggest that propranolol produce airway hyperreactivity to OA by activating a pathway involving tachykinins and that COX-products are of minor significance.We also confirm that propranolol can induce a tracheal smooth muscle contraction directly, although pre-treatment with carbachol/formoterol is a prerequisite. Direct contractile responses were completely diminished by indomethacin and reduced by capsaicin and L-659,877 (a NK2-receptor antagonist) pre-treatment. The present study shows that propranolol also enhances NANC (excitatory non-adrenergic noncholinergic) contractions but this enhancement requires pre-treatment with a 13-agonist. When the pre-treatment was excluded propranolol failed to exert either a direct or an amplifying effect on EFS (electrical field stimulation). These results contrast to the recorded enhancement of the OA-induced response, which did not request any pre-treatment.In addition, propranolol induced an elevation of [Ca2+], in ASMC (airway smooth muscle cells), this effect was not dependent on any pre-treatment and inhibited by indomethacin treatment.The mechanism behind these adverse effects of propranolol is not known, but our results demonstrate that contractile mediators do not originate from the airway epithelium. Since, epithelium removal did not reduce the contractile response. Furthermore, pertussis toxin (PTX) treatment did not effect the propranolol-induced contraction, indicating that a PTX sensitive G-protein coupling pathway not is involved.In conclusion our results show that both indomethacin and capsaicin sensitive pathways are involved in the contractile response to propranolol. The relative significance of these systems differs; the direct contractile effect is strongly dependent on an indomethacin sensitive pathway, while the amplifying effect is sensitive to capsaicin and insensitive to indomethacin pre-treatment.Further studies are required to elucidate the clinical relevance of these results.
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| 8. |
- Ludvigsson, Johnny, et al.
(författare)
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GAD65 antigen therapy in recently diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus
- 2012
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Ingår i: New England Journal of Medicine. - : Massachusetts Medical Society. - 0028-4793 .- 1533-4406. ; 366:5, s. 433-442
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The 65-kD isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) is a major autoantigen in type 1 diabetes. We hypothesized that alum-formulated GAD65 (GAD-alum) can preserve beta-cell function in patients with recent-onset type 1 diabetes.METHODS: We studied 334 patients, 10 to 20 years of age, with type 1 diabetes, fasting C-peptide levels of more than 0.3 ng per milliliter (0.1 nmol per liter), and detectable serum GAD65 autoantibodies. Within 3 months after diagnosis, patients were randomly assigned to receive one of three study treatments: four doses of GAD-alum, two doses of GAD-alum followed by two doses of placebo, or four doses of placebo. The primary outcome was the change in the stimulated serum C-peptide level (after a mixed-meal tolerance test) between the baseline visit and the 15-month visit. Secondary outcomes included the glycated hemoglobin level, mean daily insulin dose, rate of hypoglycemia, and fasting and maximum stimulated C-peptide levels.RESULTS: The stimulated C-peptide level declined to a similar degree in all study groups, and the primary outcome at 15 months did not differ significantly between the combined active-drug groups and the placebo group (P=0.10). The use of GAD-alum as compared with placebo did not affect the insulin dose, glycated hemoglobin level, or hypoglycemia rate. Adverse events were infrequent and mild in the three groups, with no significant differences.CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with GAD-alum did not significantly reduce the loss of stimulated C peptide or improve clinical outcomes over a 15-month period.
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| 9. |
- Pettersson, Miriam, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Home phototherapy for hyperbilirubinemia in neonates : an unblinded multicentre randomised controlled trial
- 2023
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Ingår i: Örebro University's Nobel Day Festivities. - 9789187789922
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background/Objective: The aim of this study was to assess whether home phototherapy is a safe alternative to hospital treatment.Method: This was a randomised controlled, multicentre, trial in which term newborns with a total serum bilirubin of 300-400 μmol/ were randomized to either home phototherapy or conventional in-hospital phototherapy.The outcome measurements were parent-infant bonding, stress and measurements of safety and feasibility. A descriptive qualitative study based on interviews was performed as well as a health economic analysis.Result: 147 patients were recruited from 6 hospitals, Results showed no difference between groups in the safety and feasibility outcomes. Parents in the intervention group had better scores on bonding and lower levels of stress. The interviews showed that parents felt secure at home. The cost per patient was €337 for home phototherapy compared with €1156 for the hospital alternative indicating average cost savings of €819 or 71% per patient.Conclusion: Home phototherapy can be considered a safe and feasible alternative to hospital care for well selected patients. It improves bonding and stress for parents and reduces health care costs. Since the first publication from this study was published home phototherapy is now recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics as an alternative to hospital care for patients with uncomplicated hyperbilirubinemia.
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