| 1. |
- Alexandre, Ali Bitenga, et al.
(författare)
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A man never cries : barriers to holistic care for male survivors of sexual violence in eastern DRC
- 2022
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Ingår i: Medicine, conflict and survival. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 1362-3699 .- 1743-9396. ; 38:2, s. 116-139
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While we know that most male survivors of conflict-related sexual violence in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) do not have access to care, little attention has been devoted to a systematic analysis of why this is so. Drawing from semi-structured interviews with staff of service providers and male survivors of sexual violence, as well as from focus group discussions with community members in eastern DRC, this article sets out to explore challenges and barriers related to meeting the needs of male survivors of sexual violence with respect to their medical, psychological, socioeconomic and legal needs. Our findings suggest that local framings of masculinity can both negatively and positively influence support-seeking behaviour depending on how survivors themselves engage with masculinity ideals. Based on these findings, a conceptual framework including seven levels of barriers to care for male survivors has been developed. Although service providers strive to provide high-quality care to male survivors, we show that existing responses to sexual violence have mainly been designed to address sexual violence against women and need to be re-adapted to male survivors. © 2022 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
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| 2. |
- Alldén, Susanne, 1979-
(författare)
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How do international norms travel? : Women’s political rights in Cambodia and Timor-Leste
- 2009
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- How do international norms travel, via statebuilding efforts, into post-conflict settings, and how do international and national actors interact in this process? These are the main questions addressed in this thesis. The empirical focus is the spreading and rooting of the norm of women’s political rights in Cambodia and Timor-Leste, two countries in which international actors have played a significant role in statebuilding efforts. Although statebuilding has increasingly become a part of UN peacebuilding missions, we still lack a thorough understanding of how much, and in what ways, the international community can successfully promote change. This is important in view of the fact that the key to success ultimately depends on how the receiving community responds to the presence and efforts of international actors to promote new social norms. This study analyzes the interaction between international and national actors engaged in the promotion of women’s political rights as part of the effort to advance democracy. Three institutional developments are examined in detail – electoral rules and regulations, the establishment of a national gender equality/women’s machinery and the strengthening of the local government structure. The study uses a modified norm diffusion approach and makes two theoretical contributions to the literature. First, I place the norm diffusion process in a post-conflict context. Second, I add the concept of capability to function in order to conceptualize and study the internalization of the norm. The thesis is based on both an analysis of written material and semi-structured interviews. A total of 65 interviews were conducted during three research trips to each of the countries between 2007 and 2009. In general, the four empirical chapters reveal that the interaction between international and national actors has predominantly been characterized by international actors setting the agenda, with varying degrees of consultation and collaboration with national actors. While norm institutionalization has been rather high in both countries, norm internalization lags behind. This is explained by discriminating ways of life and attitudes, lack of resources and time. Norm internalization is higher in Timor-Leste, in part because national actors have adapted the norm of women’s political rights to fit the local setting, but also due to their openness to international influences. The empirical study underscores that international actors can push for change and norm adherence, but their efforts are not enough. In the end, national actors have to buy into the message that international actors try to convey. The strengths and weaknesses that have been uncovered in the Cambodian and Timorese case studies presented here should be carefully considered as international actors, led by the UN, embark upon future statebuilding missions around the globe.
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| 3. |
- Alldén, Susanne, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Hur vinner man freden?
- 2005
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Ingår i: Pax Nordica 2004.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Alldén, Susanne
(författare)
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Microfinance and post-conflikt development in Cambodia and Timor-Leste
- 2009
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Ingår i: Sojourn. - : Institute of South East Asian Studies (ISEAS). - 0217-9520 .- 1793-2858. ; 24:2, s. 269-284
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Microfinance is increasingly being used to fight poverty and it is often seen as a strategic way to advance local economic development in war-torn developing societies. In Cambodia this strategy has been quite successful, but in Timor-Leste microfinance is considered less effective for poverty reduction. This article addresses how microfinance has developed in the two countries, what strengths and weaknesses can be detected, and how the differences between the two countries can be understood.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Alldén, Susanne, 1979-
(författare)
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Post-conflict reconstruction and women’s security : analyzing political outputs in East Timor
- 2007
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Women’s inclusion in the reconstruction of war-torn societies is important for sustainable peace and functioning democratic states. This paper specifically addresses women’s security situation in East Timor, seven years after the country’s vote for independence. The peace process is generally viewed as a success story but seven years later, women face several obstacles to enhanced political, economic and social status in society. What policy outputs, in particular in the political realm, can be detected, and what, if any, obstacles face women in their struggle for increased security? Are women acknowledged as important actors in the democratization or was the “gender-friendly” peacebuilding process simply a rhetorical instrument that later turned out to ignore women’s situation when policies were to be implemented? The paper highlights several important political aspects crucial for building sustainable peace and for stabilizing democracy, and examines how these issues include or exclude women in East Timor.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Alldén, Susanne, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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The United Nations and peacekeeping : Lessons learned from Cambodia and East Timor
- 2007
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The United Nations’ role in securing peace and promoting democracy has developed in the post-Cold War Era. Only a few of the Unite Nations peacekeeping missions undertaken since 1989 have been deployed in Asia. However, two of the more ambitious operations have been carried out in Asia, namely in Cambodia in the early 1990s and in East Timor in the late 1990s. Both these operations had mandates that provided the United Nations with the possibility to control the national institutions in peace building attempts; i.e. cases of international administrations. In Cambodia the United Nations carried out its most ambitious operation to that date and the mission undertaken in East Timor was the most extensive and expensive peace building attempted by the United Nations. As such, both operations have served as ‘blueprints’ for future United Nations missions. The paper will study these two cases in-depth, looking specifically at what lessons can be learned, from the mandates, the contexts, the challenges encountered during the operations, and the outcomes. What problems and possibilities can be identified based on how the operations were initiated, planned and implemented?
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| 10. |
- Nordås, Ragnhild, et al.
(författare)
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From Pain to Empowerment? : Impact of an empowerment program for survivors of sexual violence in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) on attitudes towards female leadership
- 2016
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- City of Joy Brief Points is an intensive six-month support program for survivors of sexual violence in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) that aims to transform vulnerable women into community leaders. What transformations do we see in participants from the time of starting the program to the end of the program? Systematic survey results indicate that the women display significant changes in their attitudes and knowledge about women’s empowerment and leadership, indicating that the program has a strong immediate effect on changing the participants’ views on female leadership. However, further research is needed on the degree to which – and for whom – these positive changes endure after the women re-enter their home communities.
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