| 1. |
- Wurst, FM, et al.
(författare)
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World Health Organization/International Society for Biomedical Research on Alcoholism study on state and trait markers of alcohol use and dependence: Back to the future
- 2005
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Ingår i: Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. - 0145-6008. ; 29:7, s. 1268-1275
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article summarizes content proceedings of a symposium held at the 2004 International Society for Biomedical Research on Alcoholism Congress in Mannheim, Germany. The chairs were Boris Tabakoff and Friedrich M. Wurst. The presentations were (1) Genetic associations with alcoholism and affective disorders, by Paula Hoffman; (2) Proteomic analysis of blood constituents in alcoholism, by Boris Tabakoff; (3) Contrasts between the responses of GGT and CDT to high alcohol intake, and a test of their combined use, by John Whitfield; (4) Direct ethanol metabolites such as ethyl glucuronide, fatty acid ethyl esters, phosphatidylethanol and ethyl sulfate: a new line of sensitive and specific biomarkers, by Friedrich Martin Wurst; and (5) Genetic studies of alcoholism subtypes in a Han Taiwanese population, by Ru-Band Lu.
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| 2. |
- Alling, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Dynamic and structural stability of cubic vanadium nitride
- 2015
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Ingår i: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - : American Physical Society. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X .- 2469-9950 .- 2469-9969. ; 91:5, s. 054101-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Structural phase transitions in epitaxial stoichiometric VN/MgO(011) thin films are investigated using temperature-dependent synchrotron x-ray diffraction (XRD), selected-area electron diffraction (SAED), resistivity measurements, high-resolution cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy, and ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD). At room temperature, VN has the B1 NaCl structure. However, below T-c = 250 K, XRD and SAED results reveal forbidden (00l) reflections of mixed parity associated with a noncentrosymmetric tetragonal structure. The intensities of the forbidden reflections increase with decreasing temperature following the scaling behavior I proportional to (T-c - T)(1/2). Resistivity measurements between 300 and 4 K consist of two linear regimes resulting from different electron/phonon coupling strengths in the cubic and tetragonal-VN phases. The VN transport Eliashberg spectral function alpha F-2(tr)(h omega), the product of the phonon density of states F(h omega) and the transport electron/phonon coupling strength alpha(2)(tr)(h omega), is determined and used in combination with AIMD renormalized phonon dispersion relations to show that anharmonic vibrations stabilize the NaCl structure at T greater than T-c. Free-energy contributions due to vibrational entropy, often neglected in theoretical modeling, are essential for understanding the room-temperature stability of NaCl-structure VN, and of strongly anharmonic systems in general.
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| 3. |
- Alling, Christer, et al.
(författare)
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Adaptation of signal transduction in brain
- 1994
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Ingår i: EXS. - 1023-294X. ; 71, s. 19-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cell culture models were used to study the effects of long-term ethanol exposure on neuronal cells. Effects on phospholipase C and phospholipase D mediated signal transduction were investigated by assaying receptor-binding, G protein function, activities of lipases, formation of second messengers and c-fos mRNA. The signal transduction cascades displayed abnormal activities from 2 to 7 days of exposure which differed from the acute effects. Phosphatidylethanol formed by phospholipase D is an abnormal lipid that may harmfully affect nerve cell function.
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| 4. |
- Alling, C, et al.
(författare)
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Revealing alcohol abuse: to ask or to test?
- 2005
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Ingår i: Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research. - : Wiley. - 0145-6008. ; 29:7, s. 1257-1263
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 5. |
- Amer-Wåhlin, Isis, et al.
(författare)
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Brain-specific NSE and S-100 proteins in umbilical blood after normal delivery
- 2001
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Ingår i: Clinica Chimica Acta. - 0009-8981. ; 304:1-2, s. 57-63
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: To determine normal blood levels of brain-specific proteins S-100 and neuron specific enolase (NSE) in healthy newborns and their mothers following uncomplicated birth. METHODS: Umbilical artery and vein blood and maternal venous blood was collected at 112 consecutive uncomplicated deliveries. Venous blood samples were taken from 18 of the neonates 3 days after birth. S-100 and NSE were analyzed quantitatively by double antibody immunoluminometric assay (Sangtec Medical AB, Sweden). RESULTS: Compared with adults, healthy neonates had higher levels of both S-100 and NSE. For S-100, median levels (range) were 1.10 microg/l (0.38-5.50 microg/l and 0.98 microg/l (0.43-2.70 microg/l) in umbilical artery and vein, respectively. For NSE, median levels (range) in umbilical artery blood and vein were 27 microg/l (10-140 microg/l) and 10.75 microg/l (8.80->/=200 microg/l) respectively. The maternal venous blood levels of both S-100 and NSE were significantly lower than in their infants. At 3 days of life, neonatal venous levels of the proteins were still high: S-100, 0.48-9.70 microg/l; NSE, 17->/=200 microg/l. In contrast to adults, haemolysis affected the S-100 levels in umbilical blood significantly. CONCLUSION: Concentrations of both S-100 and NSE in blood are greater in newborns after normal birth than in healthy adults. The higher levels in umbilical artery blood than in umbilical vein blood are consistent with a fetal origin of these proteins. High levels in venous blood at 3 days of life suggest that the high levels at birth are not related to the birth process but reflect a high activity of these proteins during fetal development.
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| 6. |
- Atthapak, C., et al.
(författare)
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Effect of atomic configuration and spin-orbit coupling on thermodynamic stability and electronic bandgap of monolayer 2H-Mo1-xWxS2 solid solutions
- 2021
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Ingår i: Physical Chemistry, Chemical Physics - PCCP. - : ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY. - 1463-9076 .- 1463-9084. ; 23:24, s. 13535-13543
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Through a combination of density functional theory calculations and cluster-expansion formalism, the effect of the configuration of the transition metal atoms and spin-orbit coupling on the thermodynamic stability and electronic bandgap of monolayer 2H-Mo1-xWxS2 is investigated. Our investigation reveals that, in spite of exhibiting a weak ordering tendency of Mo and W atoms at 0 K, monolayer 2H-Mo1-xWxS2 is thermodynamically stable as a single-phase random solid solution across the entire composition range at temperatures higher than 45 K. The spin-orbit coupling effect, induced mainly by W atoms, is found to have a minimal impact on the mixing thermodynamics of Mo and W atoms in monolayer 2H-Mo1-xWxS2; however, it significantly induces change in the electronic bandgap of the monolayer solid solution. We find that the band-gap energies of ordered and disordered solid solutions of monolayer 2H-Mo1-xWxS2 do not follow Vegards law. In addition, the degree of the SOC-induced change in band-gap energy of monolayer 2H-Mo1-xWxS2 solid solutions not only depends on the Mo and W contents, but for a given alloy composition it is also affected by the configuration of the Mo and W atoms. This poses a challenge of fine-tuning the bandgap of monolayer 2H-Mo1-xWxS2 in practice just by varying the contents of Mo and W.
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| 7. |
- Casillas Trujillo, Luis, et al.
(författare)
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Interstitial carbon in bcc HfNbTiVZr high-entropy alloy from first principles
- 2020
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Ingår i: Physical Review Materials. - : AMER PHYSICAL SOC. - 2475-9953. ; 4:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The remarkable mechanical properties of high-entropy alloys can be further improved by interstitial alloying. In this work we employ density functional theory calculations to study the solution energies of dilute carbon interstitial atoms in tetrahedral and octahedral sites in bcc HfNbTiVZr. Our results indicate that carbon interstitials in tetrahedral sites are unstable, and the preferred octahedral sites present a large spread in the energy of solution. The inclusion of carbon interstitials induces large structural relaxations with long-range effects. The effect of local chemical environment on the energy of solution is investigated by performing a local cluster expansion including studies of its correlation with the carbon atomic Voronoi volume. However, the spread in solution energetics cannot be explained with a local environment analysis only pointing towards a complex, long-range influence of interstitial carbon in this alloy.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Forsén, Rikard, et al.
(författare)
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Nanostructuring and coherency strain in multicomponent hard coatings
- 2014
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Ingår i: APL Materials. - : American Institute of Physics (AIP). - 2166-532X. ; 2:11, s. 116104-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lattice resolved and quantitative compositional characterizations of the microstructure in TiCrAlN wear resistant coatings emerging at elevated temperatures are performed to address the spinodal decomposition into nanometer-sized coherent cubic TiCr- and Al-rich domains. The domains coarsen during annealing and at 1100 ºC, the Al-rich domains include a metastable cubic Al(Cr)N phase containing 9 at.% Cr and a stable hexagonal AlN phase containing less than 1 at.% Cr. The cubic and the hexagonal phases form strained semi-coherent interfaces with each other.
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