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| 2. |
- Dahlberg, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Modelled impact of Norway spruce logging residue extraction on biodiversity in Sweden
- 2011
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Ingår i: Canadian Journal of Forest Research. - 0045-5067 .- 1208-6037. ; 41, s. 1220-1232
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Logging residues are increasingly being extracted for bioenergy purposes. This study estimates how extraction of fine woody debris (FWD) may affect the overall habitat availability for 577 species of wood-and bark-inhabiting basidiomycetes, beetles, and lichens in Sweden using Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) as their primary substrate. We combined modeling of (i) the amount of various types of woody debris available throughout a forest rotation in managed forests with (ii) a classification of each species' associations with different types of wood. In three different regions, we compared a scenario with no logging residue extraction with three different levels of extraction. Our results suggest that the extraction may cause a 35%-45% reduction in aboveground FWD and a more than 20% decline in the potential amount of substrate for about 50% of the species (affecting basidiomycetes and beetles more than lichens). The intensified forestry during the last century has, however, steadily increased the production of FWD. Furthermore, no red-listed species is primarily associated with logging residues of Norway spruce. Therefore, the current situation in Sweden with extraction of 70% of Norway spruce FWD on 50% of the clearcuts probably constitutes a minor contribution to the regional extinction risks.
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| 3. |
- Lindner, Daniel L., et al.
(författare)
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Initial fungal colonizer affects mass loss and fungal community development in Picea abies logs 6 yr after inoculation
- 2011
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Ingår i: Fungal ecology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1754-5048 .- 1878-0083. ; 4:6, s. 449-460
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Picea abies logs were inoculated with Resinicium bicolor, Fomitopsis pinicola or left un-inoculated and placed in an old-growth boreal forest. Mass loss and fungal community data were collected after 6 yr to test whether simplification of the fungal community via inoculation affects mass loss and fungal community development. Three techniques were used to survey communities: (1) observation of fruiting structures; (2) culturing on media; and (3) cloning and sequencing of ITS rDNA. Fruit body surveys detected the smallest number of species (18, 3.8 per log), DNA-based methods detected the most species (72, 31.7 per log), and culturing detected an intermediate number (23, 7.2 per log). Initial colonizer affected community development and inoculation with F. pinicola led to significantly greater mass loss. Relationships among fungal community composition, community richness and mass loss are complex and further work is needed to determine whether simplification of fungal communities affects carbon sequestration in forests.
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| 4. |
- Nordén, Björn, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Partial cutting reduces species richness of fungi on woody debris in oak-rich forests
- 2008
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Ingår i: Canadian Journal of Forest Research. ; 38, s. 1807-1816
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Partial cutting is increasingly applied in European temperate oak-dominated forests for biofuel harvesting, and to counteract succession in protected stands. Effects on biodiversity of these measures need to be carefully evaluated, and species-rich but neglected taxa such as fungi should be considered. We studied the effects of partial Cutting on fungal fruiting bodies on woody debris. In 21 closed canopy forests rich in large oaks in Sweden, on average 25%-30% of the basal area was cut. Fruiting bodies were counted and some were collected in treated and control plots before and after treatment. We found 334 basidiomycete and 47 ascomycete species. Species richness of basidiomycetes declined significantly more in treated plots (on average 26%) than in control plots (on average 13%) between seasons. Species richness of ascomycetes increased by 17% in control plots and decreased by 2% in treated plots. Total species richness was significantly reduced on fine woody debris (1-10 cm in diameter), but not on coarse woody debris (> 10 cm). Overall species composition did not change significantly as a result of partial cutting, but red-listed species tended to decrease more in treated plots. We suggest that approximately 30% of the stands should not be thinned, and dead sterns and fallen branches should not be removed, to favor saproxylic fungi and their associated fauna.
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