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- Alm, Anita, 1953, et al.
(författare)
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BMI status in Swedish children and young adults in relation to caries prevalence.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Swedish dental journal. - : Swedish Dental Association. - 0347-9994. ; 35:1, s. 1-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Overweight and obesity are increasing as health problems at global level. Dental caries and obesity are both multifactorial diseases and are associated with dietary habits. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between body weight status and caries prevalence in an unselected population followed from pre-school years to young adulthood. The present investigation was designed as a longitudinal analysis of the association between overweight/obesity and dental caries in one population at 3, 6, 15 and 20 years of age. The result shows that adolescents (15 years) and young adults (20 years) who are overweight/obese had a statistically significantly higher caries prevalence than normal-weight young people. At 6 years of age, the odds (OR) of having caries among obese children are 2.5 times higher than the odds for caries among six-year-old children of normal weight (p = 0.04). At 3 years of age, no association between overweight/obesity and caries was found. To conclude, overweight and obese adolescents and young adults had more caries than normal-weight individuals. The present study emphasises the need for multidisciplinary approaches to change the lifestyle factors causing both overweight/obesity and dental caries.
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| 7. |
- Alm, Anita, 1953
(författare)
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On Dental Caries and Caries-Related Factors in Children and Teenagers
- 2008
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- On Dental Caries and Caries-Related Factors in Children and Teenagers Anita Alm, Department of Cariology, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 450, SE-405 30 G?teborg, Sweden Dental caries is still a common disease among children and adolescents. The aims of the present thesis were therefore: 1) to investigate the approximal caries prevalence in posterior teeth in 15-year-olds, 2) to study past caries experience in the primary dentition in relation to future caries development and need for treatment, 3) to investigate factors during early childhood which are associated with caries development later in life, and 4) to study the association between age-specific body mass index (isoBMI) and approximal caries status in 15-year-olds. Paper I has a retrospective design and the analyses were based on record data from a randomly selected sample. Papers II, III and IV are based on radiographic analyses of posterior teeth in 15-year-olds followed longitudinally from 1 to 15 years of age. The data for these studies were selected from examinations, interviews and questionnaires from early childhood and school health care records at 15 years (isoBMI values). The result showed that the approximal caries prevalence in 15-year-olds is underestimated in official caries data, since initial caries lesions are not included in these statistics. Two thirds of all 15-year-olds had approximal caries and initial caries constituted 86% of the total number of caries lesions. There was a strong relationship between caries in early childhood and approximal caries prevalence in the posterior teeth at 15 years of age. Children with caries experience at 6 years received significantly more treatment in the primary dentition during the period from 7 to 12 years compared with children who were caries free at the same age. Further, it was pointed out that parents? attitudes to dental health and psychosocial factors during early childhood have an effect on approximal caries in 15-year-olds. Additionally, plaque on primary incisors at 1 year of age and infrequent toothbrushing at 3 years of age were associated with a high caries experience at 15 years. It was also demonstrated that adolescents with overweight and obesity had a significantly higher approximal caries prevalence than those of normal weight. Furthermore, it was shown that children?s unfavourable snacking habits at 1 and 3 years of age were associated with approximal caries at 15 years. The main conclusions from this thesis are that: 1) epidemiological caries data should include initial caries lesions on approximal tooth surfaces, in order to show the actual caries prevalence, 2) there is a strong relationship between caries in early childhood and approximal caries prevalence in the posterior teeth at 15 years of age, 3) the psychosocial environment in which children live during their childhood has an impact on dental health later in life, 4) good oral hygiene habits including the use of fluoride toothpaste, established in early childhood, provide a foundation for good dental health in adolescence, and 5) future preventive programmes should include, at a multidisciplinary level, strategies to prevent and reduce both dental caries and obesity at an early age.
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| 9. |
- Alm, Anita, 1953, et al.
(författare)
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Oral hygiene and parent-related factors during early childhood in relation to approximal caries at 15 years of age
- 2008
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Ingår i: Caries Research. - : S. Karger AG. - 0008-6568 .- 1421-976X. ; 42:1, s. 28-36
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to investigate whether oral hygiene habits and parent-related factors, recorded in early childhood, have a predictive value in relation to approximal caries experience (including initial caries lesions) at the age of 15 years (n = 568). Data were selected from examinations, interviews and questionnaires at 1 and 3 years and bitewing radiographs at 15 years. Four levels of cut-off points for the statistical analysis were used: DFa = 0, > 0, ≧4 and ≧8. In the final logistic regression analyses, mother’s self-estimation of her oral health care being less good remained statistically significant and predicted a caries experience of DFa > 0 at 15 years. The following four variables predicted DFa ≧4: (1) female gender, (2) plaque on maxillary incisors at 1 year, (3) mother’s self-estimation of her oral health care being less good and (4) father being less satisfied with his social situation. Two variables predicted DFa ≧8: (1) toothbrushing with fluoride toothpaste just once a day, and (2) father being less satisfied with his social situation. Furthermore, children who failed to attend the examination at 1 year of age had 6.95 ± 5.36 (mean ± SD) DFa at 15 years compared with 3.10 ± 3.85 for children who were examined at 1 year of age (p < 0.01). To conclude, factors explaining good dental health at 15 years of age pertained to both children and parents. Thus, it seems that good oral hygiene habits, established in early childhood, provide a foundation for a low experience of approximal caries in adolescents.
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- Alm, Anita, 1953, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of approximal caries in posterior teeth in 15-year-old Swedish teenagers in relation to their caries experience at 3 years of age.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Caries research. - : S. Karger AG. - 1421-976X .- 0008-6568. ; 41:5, s. 392-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the present investigation was to study the prevalence of approximal caries lesions and fillings in posterior teeth at 15 years of age in a prospectively followed Swedish population (n = 568), with special reference to their caries experience at the age of 3 years. Only approximal surfaces were recorded, since all children in the Community of Jönköping have had fissure sealing performed on all caries-free permanent molars. At 15 years of age, the mean number of approximal tooth surfaces with initial caries lesions (D(i)a), manifest caries lesions and fillings (D(m)Fa) and total caries experience and fillings (D(i + m)Fa)--recorded on bitewing radiographs--was 2.78 , 0.45 and 3.23, respectively. One third of the adolescents had no approximal caries or fillings; the D(i)a constituted 86% of the D(i + m)Fa. Children with manifest caries at 3 years of age had a higher risk of developing approximal caries in their permanent teeth than caries-free children at the same age (41 vs. 17%). Furthermore, children who were caries-free at 3 years of age were more likely to remain caries-free at 15 years of age compared to children with manifest caries (37 vs. 17%). All these differences were statistically significant (p < 0.001). Additionally, early childhood caries experience (developed before 3 years of age) had a greater predictive value than late childhood caries experience (developed between 3 and 6 years of age) concerning approximal caries at 15 years of age.
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