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- Almkvist, O, et al.
(författare)
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Mild cognitive impairment -- An early stage of Alzheimer´s disease?
- 1998
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Ingår i: Journal of Neural Transmission. ; 53, s. 21-29
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The hypothesis that mild cognitive impairment (MCI) represents an early stage of Alzheimer´s disease (AD) was investigated by reviewing recent research from three sources: asymptomatic and symptomatic individuals carrying mutations that cause AD; hospital
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- Bosnes, O., et al.
(författare)
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Including a subject-paced trial may make the PASAT more acceptable for MS patients
- 2015
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 132:4, s. 219-225
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT) is regularly used in the evaluation of cognition in multiple sclerosis (MS). However, the test may impose frustration, distress, and anxiety in patients, which may result in refusal to participate by many patients. ObjectivesIn this study, a subject- and experimenter-paced PASAT was compared and analyzed, with regard to independent measures of cognitive functions, as well as disability, fatigue, depression, and anxiety. MethodsA population-based sample of patients with MS (n=34; mean age 47.28.6) was examined with the PASAT, including a subject-paced condition, in addition to the standard experimenter-paced conditions using three levels of interstimuli intervals (ISI: 3.0, 2.5, and 2.0s). A comprehensive set of neuropsychological tests, measures of disease severity, fatigue, anxiety, and depression were studied as potentially associated factors. ResultsSubject- and experimenter-paced PASAT performance correlated significantly and the subject-paced administration correlated even higher with measures of information processing speed, executive function, attention, and working memory than standard experimenter-paced administration of PASAT. DiscussionThe associations between PASAT performance and measures of fatigue, anxiety, and depression were not significant. ConclusionThe results indicate that the altered PASAT procedure measures the same cognitive functions in MS as the standard procedure. At the same time, the altered procedure may make the PASAT more user-friendly for patients with MS.
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- Eyjolfsdottir, H., et al.
(författare)
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Targeted delivery of nerve growth factor to the cholinergic basal forebrain of Alzheimer's disease patients: application of a second-generation encapsulated cell biodelivery device
- 2016
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Ingår i: Alzheimers Research & Therapy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1758-9193. ; 8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Targeted delivery of nerve growth factor (NGF) has emerged as a potential therapy for Alzheimer's disease (AD) due to its regenerative effects on basal forebrain cholinergic neurons. This hypothesis has been tested in patients with AD using encapsulated cell biodelivery of NGF (NGF-ECB) in a first-in-human study. We report our results from a third-dose cohort of patients receiving second-generation NGF-ECB implants with improved NGF secretion. Methods: Four patients with mild to moderate AD were recruited to participate in an open-label, phase Ib dose escalation study with a 6-month duration. Each patient underwent stereotactic implant surgery with four NGF-ECB implants targeted at the cholinergic basal forebrain. The NGF secretion of the second-generation implants was improved by using the Sleeping Beauty transposon gene expression technology and an improved three-dimensional internal scaffolding, resulting in production of about 10 ng NGF/device/day. Results: All patients underwent successful implant procedures without complications, and all patients completed the study, including implant removal after 6 months. Upon removal, 13 of 16 implants released NGF, 8 implants released NGF at the same rate or higher than before the implant procedure, and 3 implants failed to release detectable amounts of NGF. Of 16 adverse events, none was NGF-, or implant-related. Changes from baseline values of cholinergic markers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) correlated with cortical nicotinic receptor expression and Mini Mental State Examination score. Levels of neurofilament light chain (NFL) protein increased in CSF after NGF-ECB implant, while glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) remained stable. Conclusions: The data derived from this patient cohort demonstrate the safety and tolerability of sustained NGF release by a second-generation NGF-ECB implant to the basal forebrain, with uneventful surgical implant and removal of NGF-ECB implants in a new dosing cohort of four patients with AD.
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- Winblad, B, et al.
(författare)
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Mild cognitive impairment--beyond controversies, towards a consensus: report of the International Working Group on Mild Cognitive Impairment.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of internal medicine. - : Wiley. - 0954-6820 .- 1365-2796. ; 256:3, s. 240-6
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The First Key Symposium was held in Stockholm, Sweden, 2-5 September 2003. The aim of the symposium was to integrate clinical and epidemiological perspectives on the topic of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). A multidisciplinary, international group of experts discussed the current status and future directions of MCI, with regard to clinical presentation, cognitive and functional assessment, and the role of neuroimaging, biomarkers and genetics. Agreement on new perspectives, as well as recommendations for management and future research were discussed by the international working group. The specific recommendations for the general MCI criteria include the following: (i) the person is neither normal nor demented; (ii) there is evidence of cognitive deterioration shown by either objectively measured decline over time and/or subjective report of decline by self and/or informant in conjunction with objective cognitive deficits; and (iii) activities of daily living are preserved and complex instrumental functions are either intact or minimally impaired.
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