| 1. |
- Loos, Robert, et al.
(författare)
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Summary recommendations on “Analytical methods for substances in the Watch List under the Water Framework Directive”
- 2023
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Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment. - : Elsevier. - 0048-9697 .- 1879-1026. ; 912
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Watch List (WL) is a monitoring program under the European Water Framework Directive (WFD) to obtain high-quality Union-wide monitoring data on potential water pollutants for which scarce monitoring data or data of insufficient quality are available. The main purpose of the WL data collection is to determine if the substances pose a risk to the aquatic environment at EU level and subsequently to decide whether a threshold, the Environmental Quality Standards (EQS) should be set for them and, potentially to be listed as priority substance in the WFD. The first WL was established in 2015 and contained 10 individual or groups of substances while the 4th WL was launched in 2022. The results of monitoring the substances of the first WL showed that some countries had difficulties to reach an analytical Limit of Quantification (LOQ) below or equal to the Predicted No-Effect Concentrations (PNEC) or EQS. The Joint Research Centre (JRC) of the European Commission (EC) organised a series of workshops to support theEU Member States (MS) and their activities under the WFD. Sharing the knowledge among the Member States on the analytical methods is important to deliver good data quality. The outcome and the discussion engaged with the experts are described in this paper, and in addition a literature review of the most important publications on the analysis of 17-alpha-ethinylestradiol (EE2), amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin, metaflumizone, fipronil, metformin, and guanylurea from the last years is presented.
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| 2. |
- Nersisyan, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Dynamical analysis of R1/square R-2 cosmology : Impact of initial conditions and constraints from supernovae
- 2016
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Ingår i: PHYSICAL REVIEW D. - : American Physical Society. - 2470-0010. ; 94:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We discuss the cosmological implications of the R square R-2 nonlocal modification to standard gravity. We relax the assumption of special initial conditions in the local formulation of the theory, perform a full phase-space analysis of the system, and show that the late-time cosmology of the model exhibits two distinct evolution paths, on which a large range of values for the present equation of state can be reached. We then compare the general solutions to supernovae data and place constraints on the parameters of the model. In particular, we find that the mass parameter of the theory should be smaller than 1.2 in Hubble units.
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| 3. |
- Nersisyan, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Instabilities in tensorial nonlocal gravity
- 2017
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Ingår i: Physical Review D. - : AMER PHYSICAL SOC. - 2470-0010 .- 2470-0029. ; 95:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We discuss the cosmological implications of nonlocal modifications of general relativity containing tensorial structures. Assuming the presence of standard radiation-and matter-dominated eras, we show that, except in very particular cases, the nonlocal terms contribute a rapidly growing energy density. These models therefore generically do not have a stable cosmological evolution.
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