| 1. |
- Aminoff, Anna Swärd, et al.
(författare)
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Young elite Alpine and Mogul skiers have a higher prevalence of cam morphology than non-athletes
- 2020
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Ingår i: Knee Surgery Sports Traumatology Arthroscopy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0942-2056 .- 1433-7347. ; 28:4, s. 1262-1269
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose To investigate the prevalence of cam morphology in (1) a group of young elite Mogul and Alpine skiers compared with non-athletes and (2) between the sexes. Method The hip joints of 87 subjects [n = 61 young elite skiers (29 females and 32 males) and n = 26 non-athletes (17 females and 9 males)] were examined using MRI, for measurements of the presence of cam morphology (alpha-angle >= 55). Results The skiers had a significantly higher prevalence of cam morphology compared with the non-athletes (49% vs 19%, p = 0.009). A significant difference (p < 0.001) was also found between females and males, where 22% of the females and 61% of the males had cam morphology. Among the skiers, there was also a significant difference (p < 0.001) between the sexes, where 28% of the females and 68% of the males had cam morphology. This difference between the sexes was not found in the non-athletic group. No significant differences were found between Mogul and Alpine skiers. Conclusion Young male elite skiers have a higher prevalence of cam morphology of the hips compared with non-athletes.
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| 2. |
- Abrahamson, Josefin, et al.
(författare)
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Adolescent elite skiers with and without cam morphology did change their hip joint range of motion with 2 years follow-up
- 2019
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Ingår i: Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0942-2056 .- 1433-7347. ; 27:10, s. 3149-3157
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To investigate how range of motion of the hips and the lumbar spine are affected by continued elite, alpine skiing in young subjects, with and without a magnetic resonance imaging verified cam morphology, in a 2-year follow-up study. The hypothesis is that skiers with cam morphology will show a decrease in hip joint range of motion as compared with skiers without cam, after a 2-year follow-up. Method: Thirty adolescent elite alpine skiers were examined at the baseline (mean age 17.3 ± 0.7 years) and after 2 years. All skiers were examined for the presence of cam morphology (α-angle > 55°) using magnetic resonance imaging at the baseline. Clinical examinations of range of motion in standing lumbar flexion and extension, supine hip flexion, internal rotation, FABER test and sitting internal rotation and external rotation were performed both at the baseline and after 2 years. Results: Skiers with and without cam morphology showed a significant decrease from baseline to follow-up in both hips for supine internal rotation (right: mean − 13.3° and − 10.9° [P < 0.001]; left: mean − 7.6° [P = 0.004] and − 7.9° [P = 0.02]), sitting internal rotation (right: mean − 9.6° and − 6.3° [P < 0.001]; left: mean − 7.6° [P = 0.02] and − 3.3° [P = 0.008]) and sitting external rotation (right: mean − 16.9° and − 11.4° and left: mean − 17.9° and − 14.5° [P < 0.001]) and were shown to have an increased left hip flexion (mean + 8.4° and + 4.6° [P = 0.004]). Skiers with cam were also shown to have an increased right hip flexion (mean + 6.4° [P = 0.037]). Differences were found between cam and no-cam skiers from baseline to follow-up in the sitting internal rotation in both hips (right: mean 3.25°, left: mean 4.27° [P < 0.001]), the right hip flexion (mean 6.02° [P = 0.045]) and lumbar flexion (mean − 1.21°, [P = 0.009]). Conclusion: Young, elite alpine skiers with cam morphology decreased their internal rotation in sitting position as compared with skiers without the cam morphology after 2 years of continued elite skiing. Level of evidence: II.
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| 3. |
- Abrahamson, Josefin, et al.
(författare)
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Hip pain and its correlation with cam morphology in young skiers-a minimum of 5 years follow-up
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1749-799X. ; 15:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundThere is conflicting evidence regarding the association between cam morphological changes and hip pain, and it remains unclear who with cam morphology will develop hip pain and who will not. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between cam morphology, hip pain, and activity level at a 5-year follow-up in young Alpine and Mogul skiers.MethodAll students (n = 76) at angstrom re Ski National Sports High School were invited and accepted participation in this prospective study at baseline. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of both hips was conducted to evaluate the presence of cam morphology (alpha -angle >= 55 degrees) and its size alongside the reporting of hip pain, type, and frequency of training by the Back and hip questionnaire, at baseline. After 5 years, the skiers were invited to complete a shortened version of the same questionnaire.ResultsA total of 60 skiers (80%) completed the follow-up questionnaire, of which 53 had concomitant MRI data. Cam morphology was present in 25 skiers (47.2%, 39 hips). Hip pain at baseline and at follow-up was reported in 17 (28.3%) and 22 (36.7%) skiers, respectively. No correlations were found between the activity level, the frequency, and the size of cam morphology and hip pain, except for the right hip alpha -angle at 1 o'clock and hip pain in skiers with cam morphology at baseline (r(s) = 0.49; P = 0.03) and at follow-up (r(s) = 0.47; P = 0.04). A total of 73.3% skiers had retired, of which 48% reported this was due to injuries.ConclusionHip pain was not shown to be correlated, or had a low correlation, with activity level and the presence and size of cam morphology in young skiers on a 5-year follow-up. Based on these results, cam morphology or activity level did not affect hip pain to develop during 5 years of follow-up in young skiers. Furthermore, this study highlights that almost 75% of young elite skiers had retired from their elite career with almost 50% reporting that this was due to injuries sustained from skiing.
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| 4. |
- Aminoff, Anna Swärd
(författare)
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Hip range of motion and the prevalence of cam morphology in young athletes - clinical and radiological studies
- 2020
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Abstract Hip and groin pain is common among athletes and the active population, and one important cause for this is femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS). To meet the diagnosis of FAIS, a combination of radiological findings (cam and/or pincer morphology), hip pain and clinical findings (reduced hip joint range of motion (ROM) and/or positive anterior impingement test (FADIR)) needs to be present. To quantify a cam morphology, the α-angle is often measured, and a cam morphology is usually considered present with an α-angle of ≥55°. Factors that have been associated with the development of cam morphology are genetics, ethnicity and participation in high impact sports during the pubertal growth spurt. Why some individuals develop FAIS and others do not, in the presence of a cam morphology, is still unknown. Therefore, there are still many questions that need to be answered regarding the aetiology, prevalence, impacts of different types of sports and loads, and treatment of cam/pincer and FAIS. Cam-type FAIS has also been associated with early hip osteoarthritis, and therefore this thesis focuses on cam morphology of the hip. The overall aim of this thesis was to investigate the prevalence of cam morphology, hip ROM, hip pain and FAIS among young elite skiers and football players. Further, to investigate the relationship between hip ROM and cam, and hip range of motion and pelvic tilt (with and without cam morphology). Study 1 is a cross-sectional study, including 87 skiers and 27 non-athletes with a mean age of 17.7 (SD1.4) years, where the aim was to examine the relationship between the clinical examination of the hip and cam morphology. The study population was divided into cam- and no cam-groups depending on the -angle measured with MRI. The main findings showed that reduced hip joint internal rotation, hip flexion and a positive anterior impingement test were associated with MRI-verified cam. Study 2 is a cross-sectional study with the aim to investigate the effect of changes in pelvic tilt on hip ROM in individuals with and without cam. The same study population was included as in Study 1. The main finding was that dynamic changes in pelvic tilt significantly influenced hip ROM, independent of cam morphology. Study 3 is a cross-sectional study investigating the prevalence of cam morphology (-angle >55°) in a group of elite Mogul and Alpine skiers, compared with non-athletes and between the sexes. The same study population was included as in Study 1. The skiers had a significantly higher prevalence of cam compared with the non-athletes. A significant difference was also found between males and females, with males having a higher prevalence of cam. Study 4 is a cross-sectional study with the aim to investigate the difference in hip ROM, hip pain, cam morphology and FAIS in young athletes. One-hundred-and-thirty-five athletes (60 male soccer players, 40 male skiers and 35 female skiers) with a mean age of 17.7 (SD 1.2) years were included. Please find results in manuscript.
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| 5. |
- Thoreson, Olof, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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The one-year prevalence of nonspecific back pain in public primary health care establishments among 1.7 million people in western Sweden
- 2020
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Ingår i: Primary Health Care Research and Development. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 1463-4236 .- 1477-1128. ; 21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: The one-year prevalence of diagnosed nonspecific back pain in Sweden is not known. Thus, this observational register-based study aimed to evaluate this prevalence by using data from the Region Vastra Gotaland, inhabiting 1.7 million people. Methods: Data from 2014 to 2018 were extracted from the VEGA database register. This register holds all health data from the publicly funded health care establishments in Region Vastra Gotaland. Aggregated data are presented as the one-year prevalence of unique individuals diagnosed with nonspecific back pain (i.e., the ICD-10 code M54). Stratification by health care level, gender, age, and M54 sub-diagnoses were made. Findings: Between 2014 and 2018, the annual prevalence of diagnosed nonspecific back pain in public primary health care increased from 4.8% to 6.0% (26% increase, P < 0.001, CI 25-27%). In 2018, the one-year prevalence was 7.2% among women and 4.8% among men (50% difference, P = 0.001, CI 49-52%). The one-year prevalence increased by age, and the highest figure (11%) was seen in the age group of 80-84. Low back pain, M54.5, was the most common sub-diagnosis. The one-year prevalence was significantly higher (P < 0.001) among women in all the M54 sub-diagnoses. Conclusion: The one-year prevalence of diagnosed nonspecific back pain was 6% in public primary health care in 2018 and has increased since 2014. Women were diagnosed considerably more frequently than men. Publicly funded rehabilitation efforts, as well as actions focusing on the prevention of back pain, is probably money well spent.
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| 6. |
- Witwit, Wisam, et al.
(författare)
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No Significant Change in MRI Abnormalities or Back Pain Prevalence in the Thoraco-Lumbar Spine of Young Elite Skiers Over a 2-Year Follow-Up
- 2022
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Ingår i: Open Access Journal of Sports Medicine. - 1179-1543. ; 13, s. 69-76
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Young athletes are at increasing risk for spinal column injuries due to overloading the spine with excessive sports activities, with potential development of complications later in life.Purpose: The purpose of this 2-year follow-up study of young elite skiers and non-athletes was to investigate any potential change in the thoraco-lumbar findings on MIRI and to outline any change in back pain prevalence with continuing sporting activity and age. Study Design: Longitudinal cross-sectional study.Methods: MIRI of the thoraco-lumbar spine was performed on 30 skiers (mean age 20 years, female 43%) and 16 non-athletes (mean age 19, female 75%), available for the 2-year follow-up. The intervertebral discs were evaluated for signal, height, bulge/herniation, and additionally according to Pfirrmann classification, and the endplates were graded according to endplate defect score. Any of the following disc findings was defined as disc degenerative change: reduced signal, reduced height, bulge, or herniation. All participants answered a specific back pain questionnaire.Results: No significant difference in spinal column abnormalities, nor back pain, was found between baseline and 2-year follow-up in neither skiers nor controls. There was significantly higher prevalence of disc degenerative changes in skiers (73%) than in non-athletes (44%, p=0.05). Skiers (63%) had significantly more Pfirrmann grade >= 3 discs compared to non-athletes (25%) (p=0.03). There was no significant difference in number of endplates with score >= 4 between skiers and non-athletes (50% vs 38%, p=0.40) nor in lifetime prevalence of back pain between skiers (46%) and non-athletes (40%).Conclusion: There was no significant change over time of the spinal column MIRI abnormalities, nor back pain prevalence, during a 2-year follow-up of skiers and non-athletes. Young skiers had significantly higher prevalence of spine abnormalities compared with non-athletes. There was no significant difference of the back pain lifetime prevalence in skiers compared with non-athletes.
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