| 1. |
- Heikkilä, Kristiina, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
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Mealtime interventions and their outcomes in care homes for older people considering the five aspects meal model : An integrative review
- 2022
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Ingår i: Geriatric Nursing. - : Elsevier. - 0197-4572 .- 1528-3984. ; 47, s. 171-182
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mealtimes are important events in care homes for physical and social well-being. However, residents usually have little input concerning meal timings, what food is offered, and how it is served. This integrative review explored mealtime interventions and their outcomes in care homes related to the Five Aspects Meal Model (FAMM). Research articles published 2010–2021 were searched for in ASSIA, CINAHL, PsycINFO, PubMed, and SveMed+ and resulted in 13 articles focusing on interventions. The analysis was based on the aspects of FAMM: room, meeting, product, management control system, and atmosphere. The result shows that even though interventions specifically focused on one aspect, they often evaluated outcomes related to several aspects. Different aspects can work together to foster effective mealtimes. FAMM eased to visualise the usefulness of mealtime interventions from a broad perspective and can be a useful tool for assessing and improving mealtime situations in clinical practice.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Carina, 1970-
(författare)
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Informationsdesign i tillståndsövervakning : En studie av ett bildskärmsbaserat användargränssnitt för tillståndsövervakning och tillståndsbaserat underhåll
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This research concerns the information design and visual design of graphical user interfaces (GUI) in the condition monitoring and condition-based maintenance (CBM) of production equipment. It also concerns various communicative aspects of a GUI, which is used to monitor the condition of assets. It applies to one Swedish vendor and its intentions to design information. In addition, it applies to the interaction between the GUI and its individual visual elements, as well as the communication between the GUI and the users (in four Swedish paper mills).The research is performed as a single case study. Interviews and observations have been the main methods for data collection. Empirical data is analyzed with methods inferred to semiotics, rhetoric and narratology. Theories in information science and regarding remediation are used to interpret the user interface design.The key conclusion is that there are no less than five different forms of information, all important when determining the conditions of assets. These information forms include the words, images and shapes in the GUI, the machine components and peripherals equipment, the information that takes form when personnel communicate machine conditions, the personnel’s subjective associations, and the information forms that relate to the personnel's actions and interactions.Preventive technicians interpret the GUI-information individually and collectively in relation to these information forms, which influence their interpretation and understanding of the GUI information. Social media in the GUI makes it possible to represent essential information that takes form when employees communicate a machine’s condition. Photographs may represent information forms as a machine’s components, peripherals, and local environment change over time. Moreover, preventative technicians may use diagrams and photographs in the GUI to change attitudes among the personnel at the mills and convince them, for example, of a machine’s condition or the effectiveness of CBM as maintenance policy.
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| 3. |
- Andersson, Carina, 1970-
(författare)
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Upplevelser av budskap : Fallstudier av hur användare upplever och förstår information i användargränssnitt
- 2007
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- När användbarheten studeras av den information som presenteras i ett användargränssnitt på en datorskärm kan det framkomma vad som fungerar effektivt och korrekt. I sådana sammanhang förs sällan någon diskussion om hur den information som presenteras kommunicerar med en användare.Syftet med detta forskningsprojekt är att på ett generellt plan öka kunskapen om olika analytiska perspektiv för att studera den information som presenteras i ett användargränssnitt på en datorskärm, som ett led till att skapa begriplig information för människor. Mer preciserat är syftet att få en djupare förståelse för hur en informationslämnare kan kommunicera med en informationsanvändare genom den information som presenteras i ett användargränssnitt. Målet med forskningsprojektet är att presentera ett antal relevanta analytiska perspektiv som kan användas för att beskriva hur presenterad information i ett användargränssnitt kan kommunicera med en användare. Forskningsresultatet bidrar med ett ramverk som kan ligga till grund för ett analysstöd. Forskningsresultatet bidrar även med en ansats för framtida forskning inom området.Forskningsprojektet bygger på fyra fallstudier. Analysobjekten i fallstudierna utgörs av fyra olika användargränssnitt på datorskärm, vilka används inom olika myndigheter, organisationer och företag. Vartdera användargränssnittet och dess informationsdesign studeras med hänsyn till: informationslämnarnas önskemål och intentioner, informationsanvändarnas upplevelse och förståelse av information och kontexters påverkan.De slutsatser som dras är bland annat att informationsdesign i ett användargränssnitt på datorskärm upplevs och förstås av användare i samklang med inre, när och yttre kontext. Dessa kontexter kan studeras utifrån tre olika perspektiv, ett semiotiskt, ett retoriskt och ett narrativt perspektiv. En sådan analys kan framhäva den kommunikation som sker mellan de budskap som informationslämnaren vill berätta, hur den presenterade informationen i användargränssnittet arrangeras och komponeras och hur olika kontexter påverkar användarnas upplevelse och förståelse av den information som presenteras.
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| 4. |
- Andersson, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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Translation, Adaptation, and Validation of the Swedish Serious Illness Conversation Guide
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Palliative Care. - : Sage Publications. - 0825-8597. ; 39:1, s. 21-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To translate and adapt the Serious Illness Conversation Guide for use within the Swedish healthcare setting and examine the validity and acceptability of the Swedish Serious Illness Conversation Guide. Methods: Three rounds of cognitive interviews were conducted (T1-3); patients (T1 n = 11; T2 n = 10; T3 n = 8), family members (T1 n = 5; T2 n = 2; T3 n = 2), and healthcare professionals (T1 n = 6; T2 n = 6; T3 n = 5). The guide was iteratively adapted based on interview feedback, clinical experience, and the literature. The guide was tested on training days with physicians and nurses. Results: The Swedish Serious Illness Conversation Guide was found to be useful in supporting serious illness conversations. Clinicians reported that some questions were emotionally challenging. Explicit questions about prognosis and timing were excluded. Instead, the dual approach of "hoping for the best and preparing for the worst" was used to explore patients' thoughts about the future. Conclusions: Patients, family members, and healthcare professionals found the Swedish Serious Illness Conversation Guide to be appropriate, sensitive, and responsive to their needs. The Swedish Serious Illness Conversation Guide may facilitate a more health-promoting approach to serious illness conversations. Further research is needed to understand the impact of these conversations on person-centered and goal-concordant care.
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| 5. |
- Barkarmo, Sargon, et al.
(författare)
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Enhanced bone healing around nanohydroxyapatite-coated polyetheretherketone implants : An experimental study in rabbit bone
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of biomaterials applications. - : Sage Publications. - 0885-3282 .- 1530-8022. ; 29:5, s. 737-747
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To investigate the bone response to threaded polyetheretherketone (PEEK) implants coated with nanohydroxyapatite. Materials and methods: A total of 39 PEEK implants were coated with nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite and 39 uncoated implants were used as controls. The implant surface was characterized by optical interferometry and scanning electron microscope. The implants were inserted in the tibia and femur of 13 rabbits. After 6 weeks of healing, quantitative and qualitative analyses were performed. Results: The test implants showed significantly higher removal torque test values compared with the control group. Histomorphometric evaluation demonstrated higher bone-to-implant contact for the test implants; however, there were no differences in bone area between the groups. Qualitative histological analyses demonstrated inflammatory cellular reactions in close vicinity of both implant surfaces. A two-cell layer of foreign body giant cells was observed irrespective of sample type. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that implants with a threaded design render good stability to PEEK in both coated and uncoated implants. Nanohydroxyapatite-coated PEEK implants demonstrated improved bone formation compared with uncoated controls.
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| 6. |
- Selander, Erik, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Copepods drive large-scale trait-mediated effects in marine plankton
- 2019
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Ingår i: Science Advances. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 2375-2548. ; 5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Copyright © 2019 The Authors. Fear of predation may influence food webs more than actual predation. However, the mechanisms and magnitude of nonconsumptive predator effects are largely unknown in unicellular-dominated food webs such as marine plankton. We report a general mechanism of chemically induced predator effects in marine plankton. Copepods, the most abundant zooplankton in the oceans, imprint seawater with unique polar lipids—copepodamides—which trigger toxin production and bioluminescence in harmful dinoflagellates. We show that copepodamides also elicit defensive traits in other phytoplankton, inducing the harmful algal bloom-forming diatom Pseudo-nitzschia seriata to produce 10 times more toxins, and colony-forming diatoms to decrease colony size by half. A 1-year study in the northeast Atlantic revealed that natural copepodamide concentrations are high enough to induce harmful algal toxins and size reduction in dominant primary producers when copepods are abundant. We conclude that copepodamides will structure marine plankton toward smaller, more defended life forms on basin-wide scales.
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