| 1. |
- Andersson, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
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Toxicity with LXR agonists – Problem solving activities for mechanistic understanding
- 2012
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Ingår i: Toxicology Letters. - Shannon : Elsevier. - 0378-4274 .- 1879-3169. ; 211:Suppl. (S), s. S39-S39
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several lines of evidence points toward the potential positive effects of LXR (Liver X Receptor) modulators for effective and safe therapy of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). LXR is a dimeric nuclear hormone receptor that exists as a combination of RXR and one of two subtypes LXR alpha or beta, which act as cholesterol sensors. LXR alpha is highly expressed in the liver, intestine and adipose tissue while LXR beta is ubiquitously expressed. Activation of LXR up-regulates several genes involved in reverse cholesterol transport (RCT), including ABC transporters. This results in increased efflux of cholesterol from macrophages in atherosclerotic vascular lesions to the circulation and further on to other tissues to ultimately be excreted into the faeces. These effects together with systemic and local anti-inflammatory properties of LXR modulation are likely to contribute to decreased atherosclerosis. The positive effects of LXR activation on RCT and cholesterol balance must be obtained without negative lipid effects, since LXR also activates lipogenic genes. Other types of toxicity and approaches to better understand the mechanism(s) behind these will be presented. Copyright © 2012 Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
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| 2. |
- Anskär, Eva, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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Legitimacy of work tasks, psychosocial work environment, and time utilization among primary care staff in Sweden
- 2019
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0281-3432 .- 1502-7724. ; 37:4, s. 476-483
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Primary care staff faces a complex work environment including a heavy administrative work load and perceive some work tasks as illegitimate. This study aimed to elucidate associations between the perceived legitimacy of work tasks, the psychosocial work environment, and the utilization of work time among Swedish primary care staff.Design and setting: The study was designed as a multicenter study involving all staff categories, i.e. registered nurses, primary care physicians, care administrators, nurse assistants and allied professionals, at eleven primary care centers in Sweden.Subjects: Participants completed the Bern Illegitimate Tasks Scale and the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire. They also recorded time spent on all work tasks, day by day during two separate weeks.Main outcome measures and results: More than a quarter (27%) of primary care physicians perceived a high proportion of unnecessary work tasks. After adjusting for profession, age and gender, the perception of having to perform unreasonable work tasks was positively associated with experiencing role conflicts and with the proportion of organization-related administration and service work tasks.Conclusion: Across all staff groups, the perception of unreasonable work tasks was more pronounced among staff with a high proportion of non-patient related administration. Also, the perception of having to perform a large amount of illegitimate work tasks affected the psychosocial work environment negatively, which might influence staffs perception of their professional roles. These results illuminate the importance of decision makers to thoroughly consider the distribution and allocation of non-patient related work tasks among staff in primary care.Key pointsWe observed an interaction between perception of having a large proportion of illegitimate work tasks and impaired psychosocial work environment. • More than a quarter of the primary care physicians perceived a high proportion of unnecessary work tasks.• Across all staff groups, performing unreasonable work tasks was associated with an experience of having role conflicts.• Across all staff groups, a perception of performing unreasonable work tasks was associated with the proportion of non-patient related administrative work tasks.
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| 3. |
- Anskär, Eva, 1957-
(författare)
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Time flies in primary care : a study on time utilisation and perceived psychosocial work environment
- 2019
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Time utilisation among primary care professionals has been affected by structural changes and reorganisation performed in Swedish primary care over several decades. The work situation is complex with a heavy administrative work load. The overall aim with this thesis was to describe time utilisation among staff in Swedish primary care and to investigate associations with perceived psychosocial work environment and legitimacy of work tasks.Methods: A multicentre, descriptive, cross-sectional study design was used including all staff categories in primary care i.e. registered nurses, primary care physicians, care administrators, nurse assistants and allied professionals (physiotherapists, occupational therapists, psychologists, counsellors, dieticians and chiropodists) at eleven primary care centres located in southeast Sweden. The data collection consisted of a questionnaire including a subjective estimate of workload, the Bern Illegitimate Tasks Scale (BITS) and the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ). Also, a time study was performed, where the participants reported their work time based on three main categories; direct patient work tasks, indirect patient work tasks and other work tasks, each with a number of subcategories. The participants reported time spent on different work tasks, day by day during two separate weeks. Response rates were 75% for the questionnaire and 79% for the time study.Results: In paper I the time study revealed that health professionals at the primary care centres spent 37% of their work time with direct patient work tasks. All professions estimated a higher proportion of time spent directly with patients than they reported in the time study. Physicians scored highest on the psychosocial scales of quantitative demands, stress and role conflicts. The proportion of administrative work tasks was associated with role conflicts, the more administration the more role conflicts. Findings in paper II were that more than a quarter of physicians scored above the cut-off value for BITS regarding unnecessary work tasks, which was significantly more than the proportion observed in all other professions in the survey. Across all staff groups, a perception of having to perform illegitimate work tasks was associated with experiencing negative psychosocial work environment and with high proportion of administrative-related work tasks.Conclusions: Swedish primary care staff spend a limited proportion of their work time directly with patients and primary care physicians perceive the psychosocial work environment in negative terms to a greater extent than all other staff members. Allocation of work tasks has an influence on the perceived psychosocial work environment. The perception of having a large number of illegitimate work tasks affects the psychosocial work environment negatively, which might influence the perception the staff have of their professional roles. Perception of high proportion of unreasonable work tasks is associated with a high proportion of non-patient-related administration.This thesis illuminates the importance of decision makers thoroughly considering the distribution and allocation of non-patient related work tasks among staff in primary care, in order to achieve efficient use of personnel resources and favourable working conditions. Hopefully, the results of this study will contribute to further development of primary care so that medical competence will benefit patients as much as possible.
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| 4. |
- Jakobsen, A M, et al.
(författare)
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Differential expression of vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT) 1 and 2 in gastrointestinal endocrine tumours.
- 2001
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Ingår i: The Journal of pathology. - : Wiley. - 0022-3417. ; 195:4, s. 463-72
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neuroendocrine tumours are characterized by their capacity to produce hormones, which are stored in vesicles and secretory granules. Demonstration of granule/vesicle proteins in tumours is taken as evidence of neuroendocrine differentiation. Vesicular monoamine transporters (VMAT1 and VMAT2) mediate the transport of amines into vesicles of neurons and endocrine cells. The expression of VMAT1 and VMAT2 and the usefulness of VMAT1 and VMAT2 in the histopathological diagnosis of gastrointestinal endocrine tumours have not been fully explored. This study therefore investigated the expression of VMAT1 and VMAT2 in 211 human gastrointestinal tumours by immunocytochemistry and western blotting. VMAT1 and/or VMAT2 were demonstrated in the majority of amine-producing endocrine tumours of gastric, ileal, and appendiceal origin. Serotonin-producing endocrine tumours (ileal and appendiceal carcinoids) expressed predominantly VMAT1, while histamine-producing endocrine tumours (gastric carcinoids) expressed VMAT2 almost exclusively. In peptide-producing endocrine tumours such as rectal carcinoids and endocrine pancreatic tumours, only a small number of immunopositive tumour cells were observed. No labelling was found in non-endocrine tumours, including gastric, colorectal and pancreatic adenocarcinomas and gastrointestinal stromal tumours. In conclusion, VMAT1 and VMAT2 are differentially expressed by gastrointestinal endocrine tumours, with a pattern specific for each tumour type, reflecting their neuroendocrine differentiation and origin. VMAT1 and VMAT2 may therefore become valuable markers in the classification of neuroendocrine tumours and may also indicate patients suitable for radioisotope treatment operating via these transporter systems.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Andersson, Annica, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Agency in mathematics education
- 2011
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Ingår i: Proceedings, the 7th Congress of the European Society for Research in Mathematics Education, CERME – 7. ; , s. 1389-1398
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we elaborate on the notion of agency. We relate agency to Skovsmose‘s and Biesta‘s frameworks respectively. Both Skovsmose and Biesta are concerned with citizenship education, mathematics education and the purpose of education from a critical position. We explore if and how Skovsmose‘s and Biesta ́s frameworks respectively relate to agency
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| 7. |
- Andersson, Anna-Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Life after cardiac arrest: A very long term follow up
- 2015
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Ingår i: Resuscitation. - : Elsevier BV. - 0300-9572. ; 91, s. 99-103
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To describe survival and causes of death after cardiac arrest (CA) and the life situation of very long term survivors. Methods: Individuals with successful resuscitation treated at the Sahlgrenska university hospital during 1995-1999 and presented in former CA publications were studied. Survival time and causes of death data were extracted from the individuals who had died's records. Very long term survivors were offered a follow up visit at home. Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) used to describe cognitive abilities and EQ-5D to assess quality of life. The life situation was also explored. Results: 14 out of 104 possible participants had survived to follow up. The median time to follow up among the 8 who agreed to participation was 17 years. Out of the 8 participants, 4 failed to reach the cut off score of normal cognitive abilities in the MMSE and 7/8 participants did not reach the cut off score for normal cognitive function in the MoCA. Overall the participants were content with their life situation and QoL. However, a tendency towards lower scores on the cognitive testing and a lower self-reported QoL was observed. No depression, post-traumatic stress disorder or anxiety disorder were found. Conclusions: A CA may lead to permanent cognitive impairments and the risk of dementia may be higher because of the injuries sustained during the collapse. However, further studies with more participants are needed to fully determine the risk of cognitive impairment after a CA. Regarding life situation, there was a tendency of lower QoL with lower scores on the cognitive testing. With a new treatment paradigm, there is a need for long term studies regarding this new population. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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